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萤石矿的寻找、标本价值、工业用途

(2020-11-02 11:47:49)
标签:

萤石

宝石

阿城丁一

丁毅

杂谈

分类: 地球科学探索

萤石矿的寻找、标本价值、工业用途
1. 什么石萤石?

2. 萤石都有什么颜色?

萤石最常见的颜色可能是无色或紫色,最罕见的颜色是粉红色,这是典型的只有在法国,瑞士和巴基斯坦阿尔卑斯风格的裂缝。粉红色萤石的标本可能很值钱。

3. 各大颜色艳丽的为值钱的矿物标本

在美国中西部贱金属矿的巨大洞穴中发现了宽度超过一米的晶体。美国和中国的一些矿山可能已经生产了数十万个萤石的精细标本。在全世界数千个地方都有发现。历史上,许多萤石标本都来自西欧,主要来自英国、法国、西班牙和德国,它们是从开采热液矿脉的矿山中采集的。西班牙生产的萤石在欧洲任何国家中都是最多的,无论是矿石还是标本,其中大部分产自阿斯图里亚斯。这些矿山开采石灰石中矿化的萤石,生产出紫色、蓝色、黄色或无色的立方体样品。世界上最大的萤石标本来自美国中西部,与大多数最好的矿点一样,这些地方都是沉积岩。在伊利诺伊州南部的塌陷岩石周围发现了直径达一米的立方体。伊利诺伊州的萤石以其引人注目的分带性而闻名,已知的标本在同一片中显示出明亮的黄色和深紫色。

萤石矿的寻找、标本价值、工业用途

4. 工业用途:
萤石被开采为化学工业的氟源和工业钢铁制造的助焊剂。

5. 赋存在哪里?

萤石是一种非常常见的副矿物,存在于地球上大多数地质环境中。它最常见于热液脉中的方解石、石英、黄铁矿、方铅矿、黄铜矿和/或白云石,但也可在各种其他环境中发现,如泡状玄武岩、溶洞状白云岩、伟晶岩、糜棱岩、云英岩和矽卡岩,通常与铜、铅、铁、银等金属矿石伴生,钨、锡和金。除了这里讨论的热液脉,在花岗岩、阿尔卑斯山或云英岩矿床中也发现了许多细萤石。萤石通常生长在阿尔卑斯山的裂隙中,在溶蚀花岗岩的岩洞壁上,以及在含有锡石和白钨矿的矿脉中。产生此类矿化的良好例子的地点有德国Zinwald、捷克共和国(Greisen)、美国新罕布什尔州(Miarolysic granite)和法国勃朗峰(Mont Blanc,阿尔卑斯裂缝)。

ASHLAND COUNTY: Fluorite is an accessory in granite intruded into gabbro along the Falls of the Bad River 0.4 km. northwest of Mellin in the E 1/2 Sec. 31 T.45N R.2W (Irving, 1882; Van Alstine, 1976).

DOOR COUNTY: Fluorite as zoned clear, brown to yellow cubic xls in vugs with calcite is found in an abandoned quarry on the south side of Sturgeon Bay. Individual xls. may be several centimeters across. Fluorescent and phosphorescent both shortwave and longwave ultraviolet light (Carl Cochrane, 1998 personal communication).

FLORENCE COUNTY: Fluorite is found locally with pyrrhotite in granite in sec. 7 T.38N R.20E (Dutton and Bradley, 1970).
—Fluorite occurs with quartz in a shear zone cutting the Hoskin Lake Granite at NE NE Sec. 18 T.38N R.20E (Sims et al., 1992).

GREEN LAKE COUNTY: Fluorite occurs as tiny purple crystals on drusy quartz in vuggy dolostone at the Morris Pit.

IOWA COUNTY: Fluorite is found with sphalerite along shear zones and faults at the Grayville Mine in Sec. 31 T.5N R.3E near Mineral Point (Van Alstine, 1976). Fluorite is otherwise rare in the rocks of the Upper Mississippi Valley zinc-lead district.

IRON COUNTY: Green to purple fluorite occurs as a filling in “thunder eggs” in rhyolite from an undisclosed locality in Iron County.

MANITOWOC COUNTY: Fluorite occurs as rare purple vein fillings in the Alders quarry, on Highway 151 on the north edge of Alders (Carl Cochran, 1999, personal communication).

MARATHON COUNTY: Fluorite is a common component of the igneous rocks around Wausau. Fluorite is a widespread common accessory in the Nine Mile granite (Patton et. al., 1989). Falster (1987) reports fluorite is often found as purple to light blue masses and more rarely as cubes up to 4 cm. across in the granitic pegmatites of the Wausau pluton, such as are exposed in many quarries south of Rib Mountain.
— Fluorite forms dark purple masses in syenite of the wall zone of the Stettin pluton. Numerous outcrops occur in sec. 22 T.29N. R.6E. One good exposure is at “Zunker’s pit” (SW SE ) where fluorite is associated with euhedral zircon crystals. Fluorite is found in nepheline syenite at the old zircon quarry in SE SE . It is here associated with, micorperthite, albite, albite, aegirine, pyrochlore, apatite, eucolite as well as zircon crystals. (Stobbe and Murray, 1956; LaBerge and Myers, 1983). Fluorite is also found in a pegmatite dike with quartz, K feldspar, crocidolite, riebeckite, acmite, pyrochlore, and zircon at NW (Weidman, 1907).
— Purple masses and films of fluorite occur in shear zones in syenites at cuts and excavations in SE Sec. 27 T.29N R.7E on the western edge of Wausau. (LaBerge and Myers, 1983).
— Fluorite is common in syenite and nepheline syenite in the NE Sec. 29 T.29N R.7E (Weidman, 1907).
— Fluorite is found at the Summit Mine at the intersection of County O and U about 3 miles NW of Wausau where it is associated with aegirine and uranophane (Weidman, 1907).
— Fluorite occurs in gray syenite at NE NW Sec. 23 T.29N R.6E (Vickers, 1956).
Fluorite is common in granitic rocks exposed in a quarry in the NE sec. 6 T.27N. R.7E. (Brown, 1995, personal communication)
Fluorite occurs as purple to blue massive material in cavities in granite and as rare yellow octahedra in quartz veins at the Koss quarry, south of Rib Mountain. The yellow fluorite fluoresces yellow in shortwave ultraviolet light. (Buchholz, Falster, and Simmons, 1999).
— Fluorite occurs abundantly in the pegmatites at the Red Rock Granite North Pit (along Spring Brook Road) and the Ladick Quarry (sec. 19 and 20 T. 27N. R.6E.) (Buchholz and Simons, 2002).

MARINETTE COUNTY: Fluorite is found in granite in Sec. 7 T.38N R.20E (Van Alstine, 1976).
Fluorite is found along joint surfaces and in veins cutting granite at the Camp Five molybdenite deposit, about 4 miles northwest of Middle Islet in SW NW Sec. 18 T.33N R.20E. It is associated with molybdenite, pyrite, hematite and ferrimolybdite (Fisher, 1965; Greenberg, 1985).

OUTAGAMIE COUNTY: Fluorite forms tiny clear cubes, sometimes with hematite (?) inclusions at the Brugger Road Quarry, 14.5 miles south of Bonduel (Carl Cochrane, 1999, personal communication).

SAUK COUNTY: Fluorite is a rare component of rhyolite exposed along both sides of the Lower Narrows of the Baraboo River in sec. 20 and 23 T.12N R.7E (Stark,1932).
— Small cubes of purple fluorite occur in a glacial erratic granite boulder found in the Jesse Pit, near Baraboo, WI NW Sw sec. 15 T.11N. R.7E. Associated minerals include anatase, fluorapatite, zircon and unidentified thorium and LREE-carbonate minerals (Buchholz, 2003).

WAUPACA COUNTY: Fluorite is widespread as an accessory mineral in Wolf River Batholith. Examples of fluorite-bearing rocks occur south of Big Falls, along the Little Wolf River at SE SE Sec. 26 T.25N R.12E and in a quarry in Waupaca Adamellite in the NW NW Sec. 4 T.22N R.12E (Greenberg and others, 1986).
— Fluorite was reportedly associated. with uranium at the Anklam prospect (S 1/2 Sec. 23 and N 1/2 Sec. 26 T.25N R.12E) about 1 mile NE of Big Falls on County G (WGNHS files).
— Fluorite occurs in a pegmatite exposed in a highway expansion on County G about 1 mile east of Big Falls (Tom Buchholz, 2002, personal communication).

WINNEBAGO COUNTY: Fluorite was found at the Neenah Quarry, located on the SE edge of Neenah “below the city park and about 1000 feet west of Lake Winnebago” (Bagg, 1918). It was associated with calcite, galena, and pyrite in vein fillings and along joint surfaces in dolomitic limestone (Van Alstine, 1976).
— Fluorite occurs as clear to pale purple xls. in vugs with dolomite and pyrite at a Quarry, 3 miles west of Winchester on Route 110 (Carl Cochrane, 1999, personal communication).

WOOD COUNTY: Fluorite is found with chalcopyrite and quartz in veins cutting amphibolite at the Turner Quarry approximately 4 miles west of Pittsville (Crowns, 1976).
Fluorite forms massive purple vein fillings and yellow crystals in vugs in granite at the Fredrick Schill Quarry, NE of Vesper on east side of Hwy. 186. The fluorite fluoresces yellow in shortwave ultraviolet light (Buchholz, 1999).
— Fluorite occurs in quartz veins cutting granite in the Wood County quarry on the east side of Hwy B, near Cary Bluffs ( Sec. 25 T.24N. R.2E.) (Buchholz, personal communication).
— Fluorite occurs along fractures in granite quarried on the south side of Bluff Drive in the NW NE Sec. 34 T.24N. R.2E. (Van Wyck, 1995).
— Fluorite occurs as seams of white to pink cleavable material cutting granite at the John Cepress quarry, sect. 11 T.23N. R.2E. (Tom Buchholz, personal communication)
— Fluorite occurs in miarolitic cavities at the Haske Quarry, Sec. 25 T.24N. R.2E. It only rarely forms tiny crystals, but where it does can show cube, octahedral, and dodecahedral forms (Buchholz and others, 1998, 2005a).

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