[jiao¹tiao²fu¹] (交笤帚) (a folk custom) handing over a whisk broom (On the following day of the wedding, the mother-in-law of the bride gets up early with a new broom in one hand and a new handkerchief on the head, and knock at the door of the bridal chamber. When the door is open, the mother goes in and begins to clean the floor, and in no time the bridal seize the broom. Seeing this, the mother release the broom and then put the handkerchief on the bridal’s head. From the day on the bridal shall be amenable to sweep all the rooms and the courtyard.

[jiao⁴xiang⁴zi] (叫响子) 请吹鼓手 engage trumpeters (for a funeral ceremony)

[jiao³yu¹] (叫驴) 雄驴  male donkey

[jiao⁴zi] (酵子) 发酵粉 leaven; leavening agent; yeast powder

[jie¹] (口) 惊；惊吓 start; frighten; scare; terrify; 例：把人～啦。You started me. / You gave me a fright. 不要把娃～着（chuo³）了。Don’t scare the child!

[jie³] (口) 井 water well 例：～深的太。The well is very deep ～把 轱辘把handle of a wheel of a winch to lift water from a well

[jie³chen²] (口口) 解抻 unbind neklace男孩满12岁时，会将脖子上戴的抻儿及脚脖上的铁环解去，称解抻。When a boy is 12years old, the cotton necklace and the iron ring on the ankle are unbinded

[jie¹chuo²la] (口口口) 受到惊吓 be frightened

[jie¹la] (接啦) 给我 Give it to me.

[jie¹wa¹fang²zi] (揭瓦房子) 翻修屋顶rebuild the roof of a house

[jie¹ya²] (接口) 接神   腊月二十三接灶神）give a welcome ritual to the god of kitchen

[jie⁴zi¹] (口子)  镜子 mirror; looking glass

[jin¹] (口) ①根 root; base; foundation 例：墙2>～子  foundation of a wall ②跟 heel 例：脚后～ heel ③ （巾）系 例：～上裙袱子 Tie your cloth scarf

[jin⁴jin¹zi¹] (口口子) 一阵一阵地；阵发性的 in fits and starts；sporadic 医生，我的头疼是～疼。Doctor, I have a sporadic headach.

[jin³rang¹] (谨让) 礼让 （特指进餐时）give precedence to sb. out of courtesy (specially when having a meal)

[jin³zou³man⁴zou³] (紧走慢走) 快步走；急匆匆地走brisk walking; walk in hurry 例：一路～还是没赶上火车。I walked hurriedly all the way, yet I failed to catch my train.

[jing¹] (口) 襟 front of a garment

[jing³ gou² zi ] (精沟子) 光屁股  naked （buttock）

[jing³hou⁴she] (今后晌) 今天下午  this afternoon

[jing² jue¹] (精脚)  赤脚  barefoot

[jing²shen¹zi] (精身子) 不穿衣服；裸露的naked

[jing¹jing²di] (精精的) 一丝不挂without a rag; in a state of nature

[jingr¹ge¹] (今儿个) 今天 today

[jing¹hω¹le] (今黑里) 今晚上 this evening; tonight

[jing⁴tou²zi](燝豆子) 把豇豆入水加碱面慢火煮成深红色的汤  boil cowpea watery soup over gentle fire

[jio¹] (脚) foot

[jio³] (角) horn 例：牛角 ox horn

[jio²di³] (脚底) 房中炕下的平地  floor of a bedroom

[jio¹hou²jin¹] (口口口) 脚后跟 heel

[jio²jio²zi] (口口子) 头发（尤指女孩能辫的长头发） （long）hair

[jio⁴ma¹zichar¹] (叫吗吱车) 独轮车  wheelbarrow

[jio⁴pfu¹zi] (羯猪子) 种公猪  boar; pig kept for covering;

[jio¹wanr³] (脚腕儿) 脚脖子  ankle

[jio²xian¹zi] 糨线子； 用浆水处理棉纱 treat cotton yarn with starch solution

[jio⁴zi] （口子）糨糊 plaster

[jio⁴ziguo^1] （口子锅）①做浆糊的锅plaster pot ②（喻）头脑糊涂、不可理喻、纠缠不清的小孩a unresonable child who is apt to kick up a fuss; a child who is out of all reason

[jiong¹] （口）宗（南塬音）sect; purpose; ancestor; clan

[jiong²] （口）赠（南塬音）present

[jiong³] （口）总（南塬音）sum up; always; overall; total; head

[jiong⁴] （口）粽（南塬音）zongzi

[jiou²] (蹴) 下蹲squat; crouch 例：老陕都喜欢～下1>吃饭。Shaanxinese like to squat when they have their meals.

[jiu¹pfeng¹] (酒盅) 酒杯wineglass; goblet

[ju¹] (掬) 用筷子夹 take food with chopsticks

[ju¹] (口) 憋住 （屎尿）

[ju²] (口) 足 foot; full; ample; as much as

[jua³] ( 咀) 嘴  mouth;

[jua³fen²] ( 咀) 嘴唇 lip

[juan³](罵) 谩骂；用脏话侮辱人   scold; rebuke; rebuke; swear at people

[juan³ermo²](卷儿馍) 褶成双层的长条蒸食，庆典上供客人食用或作为回礼 a twin-layer 18 cm long steamed wheaten-flour food used as food for guests or gift in return

[juan²gan³](口口) 办事麻利；聪明能干 handle affairs quickly; be bright and capable

[juan⁴tou²](口头) 钻头drill bit

[jue¹ (口) 拙 笨拙  clumsy; awkward; unskillful; 例：他媳妇手～的太。His wife is all thumbs. /His wife is clumsy.

[jue¹] () 头  pick; pickaxe

[jue¹dai³] （拙呆）不擅长女红的人a stupid girl; a person who is all thumbs；not skillful

[jue²g’da¹] (拙圪垯) 一种面食 a kind of cooked wheaten food

[jue² zi] (浆子) 浆糊  size; paste; starch

[jue⁴gou¹zi¹] (撅沟子) 一坡水的房子  one-sloped-roof house

[jue¹mian¹] (抉面) 把擀好的宽面片抉成小段noodles tore from wide and long flour sheet

[jüei¹] (口) 窄(龙亭、吕庄川的读音) narrow

[jüei³] (咀) 嘴 (龙亭、吕庄川的读音) mouth

[jüei⁴] (口) 最 (龙亭、吕庄川的读音) most; best; furthest

[jüo¹] (口) 作 do; act as; make

[jüo³] (口) ①昨， 昨天 (龙亭、吕庄川的读音) yesterday ② 佐 assist; assistant

[juo²] (口) 脚 foot

[juo²hou²jin¹] 脚后跟 heel

K

[kan⁴fang¹zi¹] (看房子) 订婚前女方家属到男方家拜访，以确定是否订婚，届时，男方设宴招待 parents and relatives of the girl who is in love go to visit the boy’s family and obtain basic information of the family so that the girl’s family decide whether the girl will enter into betrothal

[kang³] (扛) 以肩膀用力顶住hold out against sth. with one’s shoulder to prevent it from falling

[kang⁴] (口)用铁链或绳索拴住 to tie down or hitch up (a dog,etc.)

[kang³shuo¹] (扛上) 扛在肩上；担当；负责carry on the shoulder; undertake; in charge of

[ke²] (口) 糠chaff; grain bran; rice bran

[ke¹cu¹] (渴愁) 渴望打牙祭；想吃点好东西eager for sth. special to eat; thirst for something good to eat

[ke³lao¹] (窟窿) 坑；塌陷 pit; cave in the ground

[ke³li¹ma¹ca³] (坷离麻嚓) 快点；利索点（来自古匈奴语）hurry up; be quick

[ke⁴mo¹zi] (口馍子) 烙干的饼子  dry pancakes made in an oven-type furnace; scone; flapjack

[ke¹tai¹] 坷台 footstep;

[kei¹shen] (口口) 客人 visitors; guests 

[kou¹] (抠) 用手指或尖头小棍把东西挖出来 dig or dig out with a finger or sth. pointed

[kou¹kou1qia¹qia¹] (抠 [kou¹men²] (抠门) 小气；吝啬； 不大方 stingy; niggardly; miserly 

[ku³duo¹] 裤裆  crotch of trousers

[ku¹ma²ma³] (哭妈妈) （送葬时的）哭诉声cry tearfully in a funeral procession

[kua³wa³cha¹] (口口口) 挂瓦车  大木轮车 cart with big wooden wheels

[kua³zi¹] (侉子)  外地人，操外地口音的人 outlander; a person who speaks with an accent

[kuai⁴yao³wa²la] (快要娃啦) 快生孩子啦。（a woman）give birth soon

[kuai³kuan³di¹] (款款的) 安安然然的safeely; peacefully 例：你～在屋伮的。You’d better stay at home (doing farmwork) peacefully (and don’t go out to take a risk doing business).

[kuan²zhan³] (宽展) 1. 宽阔，面积大broadsiding; spacious; roomy 2. 宽裕，生活富裕well-off; well-to-do; comfortably off

[kuang⁴ha](逛口) 去玩；去逛 go to play; go to have a fun

[kuang²kuang](逛逛) 玩耍，游戏 (主北塬)play; have fun; amuse oneself

[kuang²xiu¹xiu¹zi] (狂囚囚子) 闹新房，耍房 (of friends and relatives) banter to tease the newly weds at the bridal chamber on wedding night

[kuei¹] (口) 亏 lose; deficit; short

[kuei²] (口) 魁chief; head;

[kuei⁴] (口) 跪 kneel; go down on one’s knees

[kui³cheng¹] (口口)规程；习俗 regulations; customs; habitudes

[kun³] (口) 啃 bite; nibble; gnaw 例：～干馍 nibble at a dried bun / ～骨头 gnaw at a bone

[kuo¹] (口) ①科 a branch of academic; a division of an administrative unit ② 砍掉多余的树枝 cut away needless branches

[kuo³] (口) 颗, 颗粒particle; granule; 

[kuo⁴] (口) 课 class; lesson; course; subject

[kuo¹di¹tai⁴] (阔的太) 显摆；显华 show off one’s wealth

[kuo¹mo³] (括摸) 大致；概算下来roughly; in round figures

[kuo¹qi¹] (阔气) 排场大；壮观parade one’s wealth; grand sight

[kw¹lao¹] (口口)①打扰 disturb; interfere with; annoy 例：

 [bie²ba¹wa²~xie⁴lao] Do not disturb the child in sleep. ② 用长木棍把高处的东西弄下来 to get the thing off from the top of

[kW¹lao¹zi] (圪涝子) 平地里的一块凹地  depression; depressed spot

[kW¹li¹san¹dao¹] (圪里山倒) ①房屋或物件倒塌的响声quaking from house collapse or furniture’s toppling down②做事惶急莽撞的样子rough manner

[kω¹su³] (口口) 咳嗽 cough

[kω²tao³] (壳桃) 核桃 walnuts

L

[la²] (口) 来 come 例：[gω¹zha³la] 到这来。 Come over. / Come here.

[la¹ji¹huang¹] (拉饥荒) 欠账；欠债; 借粮食 bills due; run into debt；borrow grain

[la¹la¹che¹] (拉拉车) 架子车two-wheeled vehicle drawn by man; mandrawn two wheel cart

[la³mei¹zi¹] (口麦子) 将玉米在碾盘上碾破成的大颗粒 large particles of corn grain made on a stone pan crusher

[la⁴nian¹] (拉眼) 做事马虎，不在心careless; casual; slapdash

[lai³] (徕) 含摔，吃，办，裂 等义 例：把他～倒了。I flung him to the ground./ 把活～啦。I’ve done it! (or I’m lucky to have got it!) ～开棉袄 unbutton one’s cotton coat

[lai⁴pi¹] 赖皮  a rascally and shameless man

[lai⁴huo¹] 赖货  a rascally and shameless man

[lai¹xi¹] (癩兮) 衣着脏乱状sloppy; be slovenly dressed; eg. 他是一个～鬼。He is a sloppy dresser.

[lan³cir¹zi¹] (懒餈子) 一种麻食子，用小方块面片煮成的面食。A kind of wheaten food made of small flakes of dough

[lan⁴gan³] (烂杆) 不务正业、不讲理，无信用的人  a unreasonable and rascal man；a chairwarmer

[lan³huo¹] (口和) 暖和 warm; nice and warm

[lan⁴zang⁴] (烂脏) 无赖；骗子rascal; cheater 例：那3>是一个～货。That guy is a rascal.

[lang²] (口) 一种先炒后煮的烹饪法 (a kind of cooking art) simmer; stew

[lang³] (口) ①揽 pull sb. into one’s arms 例：把娃～上 (让孩子头枕在大人胳膊上睡。Put the baby into your arms and let it sleep in bed. ② 用簸箕收场地上的粮食等 get in (grain) with a winnowing fan

[lang²] (口口) 南 south, southern  例： （～门）南门  the southern gate 

[lang²] (口口) 兰色 blue  例：（～颜色）3> blue color

[lang⁴] (浪) 闲逛 stroll; play 游玩例：你～哪达去了？Where have you strolled? /到城里去～了一圈。I have a stroll around the town.

[lang²kuang³] (口口) （物件）体积大 huge; bulky (article)

[lang²liang³di¹] (蓝亮的) 清亮的蓝色bright blue

[lang³ran¹ (口口) （讽）老年人you elderly somebody 例：您～怎么能这么说呢？How could you talk like this, my elderly somebody?

[lang²sao⁴zi] (口臊子)煨制臊子肉 cook pork slices in soy sauce over a slow fire

[lang³shou¹] (口收) 大丰收 big harvest 例：今年雨水好，麦子～啦。We have a big harvest of wheat this year due to enough timely rain.

[lang²wa³zi] (狼娃子) 对不孝敬父母的人的骂称  unfilial son; disobedient son

[lao³cai²] (老财) 有钱人；富人 rich man; moneybags; landlord

[lao²chan³] (老谄) 慢性子的人；做事慢吞吞man who is slow in action; a slow-moving man

[lao⁴] (涝) 过多雨水造成的积水、渍水waterlogging

[lao² dao³] (劳釖) 费事；麻烦 take a lot of trouble; troublesome 例：你不要～啦，我们刚吃过饭，和你说话说话一会就走。Don’t bother about making dinner for us today, we’ve had our meal before we came and we’d like to have a chat with you for a while.

[lao² fan³] (捞饭) 米饭 （先煮后蒸）rice boiled, strained and then steamed

[lao³ fu] (涝水) 存放雨水的池塘  pond of rainwater 

[lao¹han¹] (老汉) ①老头； old man; ②丈夫husband 例：别打啦！他是我～。Stop beating him, please. He is my husband.

[lao²pie²] (痨病) 肺结核；肺病  lung disease; TB;

[lao²ren¹] (劳人) 令人身心疲倦、烦躁make one weary and fidgety 例：一天到晚要看孩子、洗穿的做饭，真～呢。I’m busy from morning till evening looking after the child, doing my washing and cooking meals. All the chores make me weary.

[lao¹wa¹] (老鸹) 乌鸦  crow 

[lao¹wa¹sa] (老鸹颡) 乌鸦头 （比喻）面疙瘩汤 crow head (allegory) doughball soup

[le²] (口) 狼 wolf  例：[le²lei¹la] 狼来啦！ A wolf is coming!

[le²sa³quanr¹](罗厦圈) 刘海儿 bang; fringe

[le⁴mi¹] (口米) 糯米sticky rice

[le²zi¹] (骡子) 骡 mule 例：～的毬，是个摆设。The penis of a mule is useless.

[lei²] (口) 来 come, arrive 例：轿车子～啦！The bride sedan chair is coming! / 你～不～？Will you go together?

[leng²] (口) 脓 pus

[leng³] (口) 弄 fetch; lane; handle; fool with

[leng¹tuo] (笼驮) 驮粪土用的筐子  baskets on pack animal

[leng³wa²] (愣娃) 胆大、蛮干的人；a rash young man;  loafer; idler

[liang³] (口) 用铁锨沿地面铲平或铲起 level to the ground or scoop up with a shovel

[lie¹kou¹zi] (俩口子) 夫妇俩 （旁称）an indirect address to a couple

[lie³shuo¹] (嶺上) 山上 on the till; hillside

[li³bai¹ya²](礼拜口) 拜(祭祀)神；拜祖先worship or offer sacrifice to gods or one’s ancestors

[li¹dei³](累怼) 生活困苦，艰难; 难以应对  lead a hard, terrible life；unable to attend to everything at once

[li¹huo³] (利火) 干练；利索；能干capable and experienced; dexterous; competent

[li¹li³zibeng²] (璃璃子崩) 一种能吹响的极薄塑料玩具a toy horn made of plastics

[li¹pf’u²zi¹] (立柱子) 在盛水的碗中竖立三根筷子（以驱赶邪魔鬼灵来治病的迷信手法）trying to stand three pieces of chopsticks in a bowl of water (in order to cure of disease by driving off evil spirit)

[li³sang¹] (利索) (幼儿) 独立行走，不过多依靠大人 (children) be able to walk around, not too dependent on adults as a baby

[li¹xing¹] (礼行) 礼貌；人情事理的规则politeness; courtesy; manners in social intercourse 例：那家人不讲～。That family dosn’t care about manners in social intercourse.

[li²yuan³] (离怨) 心绪不宁；忧愁苦闷；be in a disturbed state of mind; be vexed; be perturbed; be in an emotional turmoil

[li³zhang³kui¹] (内掌柜) 妻子 wife；内管家house keeper

[li¹zi¹tiao²] (肋子条) 肋骨 ribs

[lia²] (口) 懒在后边不走 loathe going and lag behind

[lia¹] (口) 俩 two 例：咱～先走. You and me go ahead.

[lia³] (口) 冷 cold 例：天～啦。 It’s becoming cold.

[lia³ba¹wa¹] (口口口) 偏僻的角落 outlying (devious)corner 例：这一回把他撇4>到～啦。This time he was left out in the cold.

[lia²mu¹zi hu³lei¹] (口口口口口)连续的打雷 continuous thunder

[lia³tang¹ (口口)  冷淡 coldly; indifferent; distant; icy manners

[lia¹ zi] (洌子) 冰雹  hailstorm

[lian² ŋai⁴] (口口) 恋爱 love

[lian²jie³zi¹shang³huo¹] (连阶子晌午) (夏天的) 正午 the hot noon；例：～还在地里忙哩。He is stillworking in the field with the scorching sun directly overhead.

[liang³] (口) 帘子curtain 例：门～子 door curtain

[liang²] (口) 镰刀 sickle; falx

[liang³] (口) ①敛  结籽 seed setting 例：花子～籽啦。The flower is setting seeds. ②(脸) 脸面  face ③ 铲，铲平（起）lift or move with a shovel; even out

[liang²ba³] (镰把) 镰刀把 handle of a sickle

[liang²bao¹] (亮包) 暴露；露陷；识破（诡计）reveal; lay bare; see through atrick

[liang³diao²ha] (脸吊下) 不高兴，给脸色看sour one’s cheeks; put up a bad face

[liang²fa³] (口口) 袜子 （南塬音）socks; stockings

[liang²fenr³] (凉粉)  bean jelly

[liang² gan³] (口口) 了结；做完了；没有干系了  finished; have done it; cut it clean

[liang²pi¹zi³] (凉皮子) 蒸制的凉面皮 cold steamed noodles

[liang³zi¹] (口子) （花朵）结籽 （of flowers）seed setting

[liao²] (嫽) 美貌；优美；逞心如意  beautiful；very good; excellent; well done; satisfactory 例：～扎啦。Excellent!

[liao²] (缭) 缠绕着缝 stitch or sew with slanting stitches

[liao²fu¹zi] (料袱子) （摘棉花、豆角等用的）布袋子（通常系在腰间）cloth bag (used to fill cotton, beans picked up )

[liao² pia³ zi] (燎片子) 一种像圆爐齿一样炕干的饼子a kind of baked pancake in the shape of round fire grate

[liao³ qiao¹ zi] (燎轿) 花轿起轿前，在轿后燃烧一把干谷草（用以辟邪）make a fire of a bunch of hay behind of a bridal sedan before the bridal leave her home （in order to exorcise evil spirits）

[liao² yuan³] (撩乱) 躁动；乱动；心绪不安   feel disturbed; worried; fiddle with; fidgety; irritable

[liao² za¹ lie¹] (嫽扎咧) 太好啦；非常好  It’s wonderful! Marvelous!

[liao²zi¹] (燎子) 炉条；炉齿  fire bar; grate bar

[lie²] (口) 铃 bell

[lie³] (口) ①扭打 wrestle; grapple 例：咱俩～一架。Let’s have a werstling to see who will win. ② 拧干（湿衣服）wring out wet clothes ③ 扭动；摇晃 rock; shake 例：不要把椅<</span>ηi³>子～坏了。Stop rocking or the chair would be broken.

[lie²gu¹lie²ca¹]( 口骨口岔) 不协调；特别的样子  a strong contrast; disharmonic; peculiar; extraordinary; 

[lie¹kou¹zi] (俩口子) 夫妻(旁称) couple; husband and wife

[lie¹wai¹] (两口) 两个  two (pieces, sets, etc.)

[lie²zhê³] (口口) ①清醒 clear-mind; sober-minded; consciousness②明白 understand;③懂事 sensible; knowing what’s what

[lie⁴jia¹] (另家) 分家 divide up family property and live apart; break up the family and live apart

[lie³zi¹] (裂子) 裂口；冻疮chiblain; kibe; pemio 例：他的手一到冬天就4>～.His hands would have chiblains in winter.

[lin²] (口) 凌；冰凌 ice 例：黄河流～啦。The ice run has come on in the Huanghe River.

[lin¹hen³] （懔佷）责骂 严厉批评 scold; chew out

[ling²] (口) 淋 rain-drench 例：我差点儿被白雨～了。I was nearly caught in a shower. / 他被雨～得浑身湿透。He was drenched through with rain.

[ling²] (灵)聪明，机灵  clever; smart; alert; brightness; wise

[ling¹ ling¹gan¹gan¹](零零干干) 干活很利索的样子 simply agile manner of doing work

[ling² xing³](灵醒) 聪明，机灵  clever; smart; alert; brightness; wise

[lio²] (口) ①量，丈量 例：～一下[ha⁴]尺寸。Measure the size. ②买（粮食）buy grain 例：到集上1qi²she³>～一斗麦。I’m going to the market to buy a hodful of wheat.

[lio¹chuo²] (掠场)扫去扬出的麦堆上的小麦草slightly sweep away the outer shell of the ears of wheat and short wheat straw

[lio²fu¹] (口口) 凉水 un-boiled cool water 例：几年都不走了，淡4>得跟～一样。We haven’t visited each other for years and relationship between us now is very cold and indifferant

[lio²la¹] (口口) 着凉啦；感冒啦 have a cold; catch a cold

[liu¹di] （口的）绿色的 green

[liu²fo¹] （口口）（地名）留芳 （新城区）Liufang Village in Xincheng District

[liu⁴guang¹pf’ui²] (溜光锤) （喻）做事不踏实的人 persons who do not make efforts to do practical work

[liu²liu²] (榴榴) 枸杞子 the fruit of Chinese wolfberry

[liu³wa¹zi] (绺娃子) 绺窃的人  thief; pickpocket

[liu¹zan²zan²] (绿湛湛) 一大片鲜绿色的cristal green; vivid green of (wheat, vegetable, etc.)

[liu¹zi¹] (溜子) 漏斗 filling funnel

[lou³pf‘o¹] (口口) 瘘疮  anal fistula

[lou³se¹] (口口) 绿色 green

[lou¹sou¹mier²] (露苏明儿) 天刚明 dawn; glimmering daybreak

[lou²wei³] (口口) 多，丰富  abundant; more than enough; rich

[lu³hang¹] (路巷) 墓道 tomb passage; path leading to a coffin chamber

[lu²yuan³] (炉院) 化铁铸造的作坊iron-melting and casting shop

[lu²zi¹] (口口) 楼子①住房内上部装的一层木板，上面放东西attic ② 神楼 a wooden god niche, shrine

[lu²zi¹yao²] (炉子窑) 厨房火炉中部隔火砌的小洞a hole in a stove beside the fire, used to oven dry food

[luo²] (口) 狼 wolf 例：[que²shuo⁴wo²ye²luo²] 墙上卧着一只狼。A wolf is lying on the wall.

[luo²mi¹] (口米) 糯米sticky rice

M

[ma¹] (口) ①抹wipe; mop up ②摸play

[ma² chan³] (麻缠) 麻烦troublesome; inconvenient

[ma² da³] (麻达) 麻烦事；复杂；出了问题(来自维吾尔语)  troublesome; complicated; go wrong