separate()函数可将一列拆分为多列，一般可用于日志数据或日期时间型数据的拆分，语法如下：

例子：cluster_healthgene_species = separate(ASD_health_findout,col = V6,into =  c("Phylum","Genus","Species"),sep = ",",remove = FALSE)

separate(data, col, into, sep = “[^[:alnum:]]+”, remove = TRUE,
convert = FALSE, extra = “warn”, fill = “warn”, …)
data：为数据框
col：需要被拆分的列
into：新建的列名，为字符串向量
sep：被拆分列的分隔符
remove：是否删除被分割的列 

widesep <- separate(wideunite, information,c("person","grade","score"), sep = "-")
widesep
  person grade score
1   Alex     2    78
2    Bob     3    89
3  Cathy     4    88