英语词类手册介词分册第四章第三节英语介词by用法例析(下)D
(2019-05-20 16:43:46)
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分类: 英语语法词类 |
英语词类手册介词分册 第四章 英语介词by与for
第三节 英语介词by用法例析(下) D
编者
(续前:五、无需冠词的by宾语 2. by宾语为抽象名词的by短语 by+E头抽象名词)
例:It is
quicker
His
explanation is clearer
She is the
best
This
is
She
is
Of the two,
this is the better
She
outshone
The books
would benefit by further revision.
by fits 间歇地——by fits and starts一阵一阵地/忽冷忽热/时断时续/作辍无常
例:My watch
goes
Youth only
recognizes age
He did the
work
Poets were
often visited
例:To travel by foot is a good means of sport. 徒步旅行是一种很好的运动方式。
It only needs 7 minutes by foot at this distance. 这段距离步行只需7分钟。
Road is
He got off the bus and proceeded
home
If the weather permits, I'll go to
town
The cinema is not far, you can get
there
Misfortunes come on wings and
depart
by for
例:Stand
The truck was
forced to lie
They put
money
The company
set this sum
These oranges
were put
“Jim,” he
whispered, “take that, and stand
“吉姆,”他悄声说,“拿着这个,以防出乱子。”
by
forty
例:He
sticks to his principles
They fired at the enemy positions by forty/violently. 他们向敌方阵地猛烈开炮。
He outweighed
me
The meeting
was delayed
The room
measures fifteen feet wide
例:Social order is
imposed
He was cleared
out of the office
The country
was held under
The thief took
the money from the old man
by fair means 秉公/用公平手段——by fair means or foul 千方百计/不择手段
例:We
were not captured
The mediator always treats the both sides of the conflict by fair means.
He made a
great fortune
She’s
determined to win,
Many
businessmen make their fortune
许多商人为了赚钱而不择手段。
by
george
例:“By George, but it sounds good, Aleck!”“老天, 听起来真不错, 艾莱柯!”
It couldn’t
be, by George, that she was deceiving
me.
“By George, that’s so, I must go and call on her before I go away.”
“我走之前,一定要去看看她。”
She cites a favourite
poem
He developed
the movie from a play
这部影片改编自乔治·阿里克谢劳德创作的戏剧。
例:The
stone rolled down the hill
Contents
pass
This water was
distributed to and over the fields primarily
这些水主要靠自流灌溉到田里。
The purified
water then descends
经过净化的水靠重力流到地下室的另一个集水箱里。
by guile 诡计
例:He
persuaded her to sign the document
But be it so:
I did not burthen you: but being crafty, I caught
you
是啊!我没有连累过你们,但我是出于狡猾,以诡诈榨取了你们。
But let it be
so! I did not burden you; but, as some of you say, being crafty, I
took youby guile.
by hand 亲手/用手工/靠手做
例:All the work had to be done
The rug was obviously
made
I’d rather deliver
it
We’ll wash this
sweater
Being short of sickles, they are
reaping
by
habit
例:I
did do this on purpose, but
She was a
brunette by birth but a blonde
If you’re just
operating
如果你正在被自己的习惯操纵着, 那么你并不是在真正地生活。
by hap偶然/碰巧
例:May
your son be blessed
This journey
was to be accompanied by haps.
by
happenstance
例:The
show came about almost
I came to live
at the farm
On the
business battlefield, the power of marketing can be blown to
bits
在生意战场上,市场营销的力量在细节上体现出来。
by hazard 偶然/碰运气/危急之中胡乱地
例:I
caught this horse
They try to make up for the loss caused by geological hazard.
The man who fell into the water caught by hazard a piece of wood floating around him.
落水的那人慌乱地抓住了一根漂过身边的木头。
by heart 凭记性/凭记忆/熟记/牢记【learn…by heart 背诵】
例:The
orator had conned it
A diligent
student will get his lessons
The boy soon learned the
poem
It is
important to learn large numbers of
phrases
By Heaven! 老天在上!
例:By
Heaven! It’s raining at
last!
By heaven, you do me wrong. 天啊,您不该这样侮辱我!
By
heaven, they ought to be worked
in quicksilver mines.
但愿苍天有眼,让他们到水银矿上去作苦工。
By
heaven, I’ll whip the fellow who
played this trick.
老天爷在上,我要逮住玩这鬼花招的家伙,非得抽他不可。
by
hook/by
hook
例:We’ve
managed,
I’ll get the
work finished this week
By
hook
I’ll get her
to marry me,
The
construction company had to get the
contract,
那家建设公司欲得契约,不择手段。
by+I~J头抽象名词
by
implication
例:He
is
I said little,
but a great deal
He
seemed
Failure to say
“No”,
没有否定,就可能意味着默认。
by
inches
例:Evil come to us by ell and
go away by inch.
We escaped
from the accident
He shot at the
wild boar missed
The river was
rising
by
indirection
例:He
tried to find out by
indirection.
These verbs
mean to convey thoughts or ideas by
indirection.
这些动词的意思是用间接的方式传达思想或观点.
Politics is
marginal, but literature moves along
政治并不重要,但文学却是在迂回中前进。
by inference 用推理方法/根据推理/推论
例:If he is guilty then
She talked of divorce but
only
It had an extremely tiny head and, by
inference, a tiny brain.
它的头非常小, 由此可推断它的大脑也很小。
Our conclusions were arrived at by
inference, not by direct evidence.
我们的结论是推断出来的, 而不是靠直接的证据。
例:Animals know their
enemy
Women know
these things
Babies
cry
by intention 故意地/有意地
←→intentional 有意的/故意的→intentionally有意地/故意地
例:He
showed his anger by intention breaking the
vase.
The magpie is
lucky bird therefore also
→Something that is intentional is deliberate. 故意的事情就是蓄意的。
How can I blame him? It wasn’t intentional. 我怎么能怪他呢?那又不是有意的。
I’ve never intentionally hurt anyone... 我从没故意伤害过任何人。
The figures are intentionally misleading. 这些数字是在有意误导。
by intuition 凭直觉
He knew this
thing
She sensed
what was wrong
But I knew we
were going to win
例:Admission
is
Entry to this
competition is
Admission to
the exhibition will be
By jingo! 哎呀!一定!没错!——此类感叹词,根据句意实有多种译法。
例:You’re
right,
I am sure you
can do it,
By jingo, I’m leaving here in spite of the blizzard.老天作证!哪怕狂风暴雪我都要离开这儿。
by jowl相联【常与cheek连用】——cheek by jowl 紧紧靠着/密切联系
←→cheek
例:They
live cheek by jowl in the village.
挨着I saw
them sitting cheek
Some people
say the unions and this government are
cheek
有人说工会与这届政府关系密切,有如唇齿相依。
→My
house stands
My house
stands
We see
the union leaders
(未完待续)
说明一下:本次发博之“英语词类手册介词分册第四章第三节 英语介词by用法例析(下)”中的C、E、F都被判有“非法字符”而被拒发,真不知何为非法字符。奈何!以后找机会再说吧。