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英语词类手册介词分册第四章第一节英语介词by用法例析(上)B

(2019-03-03 16:51:02)
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英语介词by

分类: 英语语法词类


英语词类手册介词分册 第四章 英语介词byfor

 

第一节 英语介词by用法例析() B

 

编者  四川大竹  张有樑

 

(续前:一、2. by+带冠或无冠名词 by意表“就而言/按”)

by+输传类相关物名——名词前不加冠词,词尾不变复数。

by+交通工具名——意为:“乘坐/用(运输)

如:by planeaeroplaneairplane乘飞机 by rocket火箭由火箭(发射)

by train 乘火车坐火车           by high-speed train 乘高速列车

by tram乘电车搭电车            by taxi乘出租汽车坐计程车

by bus 乘坐公共汽车              by truck乘卡车用卡车(运送)

by lorry  用卡车                   by vehicle 用车辆

by bikebicycle 骑自行车          by motorcyclemotorbike 骑摩托车

by boat 乘船/坐船boat木船】      by ship 坐船乘船由海运ship轮船】

例:Nowadays people travel by plane如今人们乘飞机旅行。plane

The quickest means of travel is by plane 最快的旅行方式是乘飞机。

He wired us that he would come by plane. 他打电报告诉我们他搭飞机来。

He will go to Berlin by aeroplane next week   他将于下周乘飞机去柏林。aeroplane

She was in a great flutter about traveling by aeroplane她对于乘飞机旅行感到十分紧张。

They arrived in Belgium by airplane 他们乘飞机到达比利时。airplane

Some people do not like to tavel by airplane 有些人不喜欢搭飞机旅行。

The astronauts flew to the moon by rocket. 宇航员乘坐火箭飞向月球。rocket

This satelitesecondary planet was lauched by rocket  这颗卫星是由火箭发射的。

She did the first stage of the trip by train 她行程的第一段是乘火车。train

He was coming by train, so I waited on the platform. 他坐火车来,所以我在月台上等。

Now we can travel by high-speed train.现在我们可以乘坐高速列车去旅行。high-speed train

We go from Shanghai to Beijing by high speed train. 我们乘高速火车从上海到北京。

I’ll go to school by tram. How about you? 我乘电车去学校,你呢?tram

If you go to Melbourne, you can travel by tram如果你要去墨尔本,你可以做有轨电车。

It’s faster by taxi but that’s more expensive. 坐出租车快一些,不过要贵得多。taxi

He checked out and went to the airport by taxi. 他结了账离开旅馆乘出租车去了机场。

He can drive his car to work or go by bus. 他可以自己驾车上班或乘公共汽车。bus

It’s easy to get anywhere in our hometown by bus.在我们家乡乘公交车到某个地方很方便。

The goods were taken to the harbour by truck. 货物由卡车运往码头。truck

Will Trudy travel by train or by truck 特鲁迪是乘火车还是卡车去旅行?

Our company prefers to transport goods by truck 我公司希望用卡车来运输货物。

Emergency food supplies were brought in by lorry   应急食物是用卡车运来的。lorry

The goods will be sent to the railhead by lorry   货物将由货车运送到铁路终点。

These basketballs will be carried by lorry to the court.    这些篮球将由卡车运到篮球场。

Goods are mainly transported by motor vehicles. 货物主要由机动车辆运输。vehicle

He seemed to be pleased by this newly minted vehicle他似乎很满意这辆新出厂的车。

Furthermore, many traffic accidents aroused by vehicles. 此外,汽车造成许多交通事故。

Jim often goes to work by bike. 吉姆常骑自行车上班。bike

How long does it take to go there by bike  骑自行车去那里要多长时间?

I’m so excited for the idea of traveling by bike 我一想到骑车去旅行就很兴奋。

Tom goes to school by bicycle every day. 汤姆每天骑自行车上学。bicycle

We’ll go camping by bicycle instead of on foot. 我们骑自行车而不是步行去野营。

He goes to work by motorcycle 他骑摩托车去上班。motorcycle

Gilbert went there by motorcycle 吉尔伯特乘摩托车去的那儿。

This island is accessible only by boat. 这个小岛只能坐小船去。boat

Are you going to America by boat or by plane? 你到美国是坐船还是坐飞机?

I am not very keen on travelling by ship我不很喜欢乘船旅行。ship

It will take you two days to come here by ship. 你坐轮船到这儿来需要两天时间。

Most of goods of import and export are transported by ship.大部分进出口货物都是海运的。

特别提示:“by+交通工具”名词前有时也加冠词。

若是表交通工具的名词前面插有定语修饰语,则也可以用冠词。

例:We’re going by the 9:30 train. 我们坐9:30的火车去

We went to Shanghai by a large ship. 我们乘一艘大船去上海。

 

by+交通工具承载物名——引申意表交通运输方式:“通过/由/乘坐”。如rail是铁轨,它承载的是train,于是by rail引申为“乘火车”。

如:by rail 乘火车经铁路(运输   by road 坐汽车/由公路(运输)

by tubeunderground乘地铁     by subwaymetro乘坐地铁

by sea 乘船由海路            by water 由水路由海路乘船

by land 由陆路旱路         by air 乘坐飞机by air freight通过空运

例:The two places are linked by rail 两地有铁路相连。rail 

The goods have been consigned by rail. 货物已交铁路运送。

They will soon ship the goods by rail 他们很快就把货物用火车运去。ship(v.)运送】

How far is it by rail from Shanghai to Guangzhou?    乘火车从上海到广州有多少路程?

It takes about five hours by roaddriving.    开车大约要花五个小时。road

It’s a long way by road the train is more direct. 走公路很远——乘火车近。

It takes three hours by train and four by road 坐火车要三小时,坐汽车得四小时。

You may get to the railway station by tube  你可以乘地铁到火车站。tube

You can go there either by bus or by tube   你去那里可坐公共汽车,也可以坐地铁。

It is much quicker by underground this time of day. 这时候乘地铁就快多了。underground

I used to go to work by underground when I was in London. 我在伦敦时,通常乘地铁上班。

“I came by subway,” she explained. “我是坐地铁来的,”她解释说。subway

It is easiest to get around the city by subway乘坐地铁观光这个城市最容易。

He crossed over to the other side of the street by subway他从地道过街。

Can I reach the park by metro  我可以乘地铁到达那个公园吗? metro

Shall we take cab there and come back by metro我们坐出租车去再乘地铁回来好吗?

They left Korea for San Francisco by sea  他们由韩国经海路前往旧金山。sea

We are planning to go to New Zealand by sea   我们正准备乘船去新西兰。

Did you fly to New York or did you go by sea   你去纽约是坐飞机的呢,还是乘船的?

This time I’ll go to Shanghai by water 这次去上海,我想打水道走。water

One can travel from Shanghai to Wuhan by water   上海到武汉可以走水路。

I travelled across Europe by land  我经由陆路旅游欧洲。land

We travelled by land until we reached the sea.  我们在陆路旅行,一直到大海。

Some came by land and some by water. 一些人由旱路来,一些人从水路来。

I’d rather they came by land than by water我宁愿他们从陆路来,而不从水路来。

The article will be sent to you by air   该货将通过空运寄给您。air

We couldn't induce the old lady to travel by air 我们无法劝服那老太太乘飞机旅行。

Your order will be sent by air freight 以空运交付订货。air freight

Ten crates were shipped off by air freight last week. 上周有十蒌货空运去了。

 

by+传送物件或工具名词——引申为传送方式。

如:by mail 用邮寄方式             by air mail 寄航空邮件 

by ordinary mail 用平信          by registered mail 寄挂号信

by mail order 邮购              by express 用快递搭快车

by letter 用信件                by post 用邮寄

by fax 通过传真                by goods 用货车装运

by freight 用普通铁路货车运送【美】

例:The book arrived by mail from the publisher. 出版社寄来的书到了。mail

I’ll inform you by mail when necessary.  必要的时候我写信通知你。

More exact information follows by mail 更多正确的报道容即交邮寄上。

Send the parcel by air mail, please.   请用航空邮件寄包裹。air mail

I want to send this letter to China, by air mail   我想把这封信航空邮到中国。

Letters with enough stamps can go by air (mail).  信件贴够了邮票就可以寄航空。

By ordinary air mail, please.  请给我寄普通航空信。ordinary air mail

I will send this letter by ordinary mail  这封信我要寄平信。orsingary mail

Do want to mail it by air or by ordinary mail   您是要寄空邮还是平邮?

Do you want to send it by ordinary or registered mail? 你要寄平信,还是挂号信?

I just want to send it by registered mail 我只要挂号。registered mail

I would like to send this by registered mail, please. 我想把这封信挂号寄出。

Ms. Li comes to the post office to send a letter by registered mail 李女士到邮局寄挂号信。

All our products are available by mail order  我们的商品都可以邮购。mail作定语】

Their new products are available by mail order 他们的新产品可以邮购方式买到。

We’ll send the goods by express 我们将用快邮寄这些货。express

We will consign the goods to him by express 我们将以快递把货物寄给他。

How long does it take to go to Paris by express 乘快车到巴黎要多长时间?

Send the letter by express mail.  把这封信用快递寄出。express 作定语】

The goods were shipped by express train.  这批货已用特快火车运出。

Please send this parcel by express delivery.  请用快递寄送这个包裹。

Please confirm your order by fax. 请来传真确认你方订单。fax

Please send your order by fax or (by) mail.  请传真或邮寄订单。

We'll send the shipment details by fax shortly.  我们会立即将出货明细传真出去。

I will transact my business by letter 我会写信去洽谈业务。letter

We are in regular communication by letter 我们定期通信联系。

Please inform me by letter of your plans. 请来信把你的计划告诉我。

I sent her birthday present by post. 我送她的生日礼物是邮寄的。post

You should pack it up preparatory to sending it by post. 在邮寄之前你应该把它包好。

If you could get the book, please send it to me by post.如果你能弄到那本书,请邮寄给我。

Please send me the articles on order by goods   请将我所订的货物经铁路运来。goods

Payment is made by goods not by cash.    费用的支付采用货物形式,而不是现金。

The box came by freight 这只箱子是货运来的。freight

Please send the goods by freight这些物品请照普通货物方式寄送。

Please send by freight at once the following.  请立即装运下列货物为盼。

 

by+无线电类名词——表通过无线电的方式传送信息。

如:by radiowireless 用无线电    by cableby telegram 用电报

by radar  用雷达              by radiation 受辐射

by phone 打电话              byvia mobile phone 通过手机

例:We can listen to music by radio我们能通过无线电收听音乐。radio

Ships sent messages to each other by radio 船只使用无线电互通信息。

The officer communicated his orders to the men by radio军官用无线电向士兵下达命令。

The police talked to each other by wireless 警察用无线电通话。wireless

He sent me the news by wireless telegraph.  他用无线电报把消息告诉我。

A message transmitted by wireless telegraphy.  用无线电报传送的信息。

We have already advised you by cable我们已去电通知你方。cable

Please message the instruction by cable   请用电报传送使用须知。

Please let us know by cable when we can expect delivery. 请电告何时可以交货。

Your immediate reply by cable will be highly appreciated. 如蒙立即回电,将不胜感激。

They acquired the target by radar   他们用雷达捕获了目标。

They plotted aircraft movements by radar  他们借雷达标示飞机的动向。radar

Densities presumably can be probed by radar  利用雷达也许还能探测出气体的密度。

The watchtower followed the aircraft by radar 瞭望塔通过雷达追踪这架飞机的行踪。

Heat from the sun comes to us by radiation   太阳通过辐射给我们热量。radiation

The body transmits heat by radiation and receives heat by the same process.   

人体通过辐射散热并通过同样的过程接受热。

We can send messages by telegram我们能用电报传递消息。telegram

The hotel confirmed our reservations by telegram 旅馆来电确认我们所订膳宿不作变动。

She spoke to me by phone last night.  她昨晚与我通了电话。phone

I can’t reach him by phone / on the phone.   我打电话找不到他。

Nowadays, a lot of bills can be paid by phone  目前,许多帐单都可用电话付款。

Most of the first contacts are now by phone现在,第一次接触大都是通过电话进行。

You can go online by mobile phone 你可以通过手机上网。moble phone

Transmit music and benison by mobile phone. 用手机传播音乐祝福。

特别提示:用手机的别样说法。

A by mobile phone中的by可以替换为同义介词via

例:Put the signature via mobile phone. 通过手机签名。

With control commands you can remotely administer your computer via mobile phone  

使用控制命令,你可以通过你的移动电话远程()管理你的计算机。

B mobile phone美国英语中用cellular phone(便携式电话)cellphone(蜂窝式便携无线电话大哥大手机)

例:Let me give you the number of his cellular phone. 让我把他的移动电话号码给你吧。

Must fill in customer ID or cellular phone number.  用户名和手机号必须填写其一。

My clients can reach me anywhere by cellphone  有了手机,顾客在哪都能联系到我。

Can you imagine a picture taken by cellphone be a desktop image? I make it come true.   

你能想象,一张手机拍的照片可以做电脑桌面吗?我让它成为了现实,哈哈!

 

注意下面这些句中的 by短语等黑体字的用法和译法。

例:Cross by the subway please. 请走地下人行通道。

He goes to work on the subway. 他坐地铁上班。

I don’t ride the subway late at night. 我深夜不坐地铁。

You can send letters by mail or by hand. 你可以邮寄或者派人送信件。

I think I'd like to remit it by mail transfer.  我想还是用信汇寄送去吧。

By Land, Air and Sea We Prosper.    凭陆、空、海我们得以繁荣。

You may go by land or (by) water. 你从陆路去或从水路去都可以。

A lake is an area of water surrounded by land   湖泊就是由陆地所围成的一片水域。

We can annoy the enemy by air raids   我们可以用空袭骚扰敌人。

It’s 2 yuan by surface mail and 3.6 yuan by air 寄平信2元,寄航空要36角。

Do you want to send it by air mail or by ordinary mail  你想寄平信还是寄航空邮件?

 (未完待续)

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