加载中…英语词类手册介词分册第三章第三节英语介词of用法例析(中)C
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英语词类手册介词分册 第三章 英语介词from与of的用法
第三节 英语介词of用法例析(中)C
编者
（续前：二、系表结构句中的of结构 2.表语位置上的of结构）
3.“be +形容词+of”结构
be +形容词+of→及物短语动词
1).形容词：afraid、appreciative、aware、capable、cautious、
characteristic、clear、confident、conscious、considerate
be afraid of 害怕／担心
例：She is afraid of offending anyone. 她怕得罪人。
I used to be afraid of the needle. 我过去害怕打针。
There’s nothing to be afraid of. 没什么可害怕的。
We have no need to be afraid of them. 我们不必怕他们。
Do you know horses are afraid of fire? 你知道马害怕火吗?
Don’t be afraid of speaking English in class. 课堂上别怕说英语。
He was afraid of failing in the exam. 他担心考试会不及格。
be appreciative of 感激／赏识
例：I am appreciative of her kindness. 我感激她的厚意。
Peter was appreciative of my help. 彼得感谢我的帮助。
We are appreciative of their suggestion. 我们对他们的建议感激不尽。
We are appreciative of their selfless assistance. 我们感激他们的无私援助。
He was appreciative of Paul’s diligence. 他赏识保罗的勤奋。
They are appreciative of art and literature. 他们对艺术和文学有很好的鉴赏力。
be aware of 察觉到／意识到／知道
例：Be aware of some donation fraud! 警惕捐款骗局!
Be aware of those who fish in troubled waters. 当心那些浑水摸鱼的人。
He was not aware of having done wrong. 他还没有意识到自己做错了。
John has been aware of having done something wrong. 约翰已意识到自己做错了事情。
Are you aware of the time? 你知道(现在)是什么时候了吗？
He made believe not to be aware of my presence. 他假装不知道我在那里。
You must be aware of the fact that he is destitute. 你一定知道他非常贫穷这一情况。
be capable of
例：You are capable of doing the job. 你能胜任此项工作。
You are capable of better work than this. 你能比这做得更好。
Show me what you are capable of. 让我看看你有什么本事。
Only human beings are capable of speech. 只有人类才具有说话的能力。
They are capable of all sorts of wrongdoings. 他们什么坏事都干得出来。
The pumps shall be capable of handling silt & sand. 这个泵应该能够处理淤泥和沙子。
特别提示：“能做某事”←be capable of doing sth。
表示能做某事，英语习惯上不说 be capable to do sth，而说be capable of doing sth。
例：He is capable of finishing the work in an hour. 他能在一小时内完成这工作。
They were capable of holding down better jobs. 他们有能力胜任较为优越的工作。
be cautious of 当心／谨防
例：Be cautious of thieves! 提防扒手！
I am cautious of giving offence. 我小心不触怒别人。
She is cautious of telling secrets. 她很谨慎，不会泄露秘密。
You should be cautious of the strangers. 你应该小心提防陌生人。
We should be cautious of making the plan. 我们制定计划时要谨慎。
be characteristic of
例：It was characteristic of her to do so. 她这样做是一贯的。
What are characteristics of this therapy? 那么这个方法的特点是什么?
Carelessness and impatience are characteristic of him. 粗心、无耐心是他的特点。
Paradox and irony are characteristics of her style. 她善於运用似非而是的隽语和反语。
His accents are characteristic of Southern Americans. 他的囗音是南部美国人特有的。
Sympathy is the feeling which is characteristic of mankind. 同情心是人类特有的情感。
特别提示：该结构要以“特色”做主语
含“be characteristic of”结构的句子，要以“表特色意之词”做主语，而以具有该特色的主体物或人作介词of的宾语。
例：Windy days are characteristic of March. 有风天气是三月的特点。
The defiant manner is characteristic of teenagers.
那种反抗的态度是十几岁青少年所特有的。
be clear of
←→steer／keep clear of (v.)避开／绕开
例：You are now clear of all suspicion. 您现在没有被怀疑。
The entrance is clear of obstruction. 这入口没有障碍物。
Fire escape to be clear of obstruction. 消防通道，保持通畅。
I resolved somehow to be clear of him. 我决定无论如何要脱离他。
→You should keep clear of danger. 你应该尽量避免危险。
You should keep clear of that fellow. 你应避开那个家伙。
Steer clear of trouble as possible as you can. 尽量避开麻烦吧。
You had bettersteer clear of that jinx. 你最好离那个扫把星远一点儿。
be confident of 对…有信心／有把握／确信…
例：He is confident of victory. 他对胜利充满信心。
We are confident of our success. 我们确信能获得成功。
He was confident of achieving his aim. 他确信会达到目标。
We are confident of a successful outcome. 我们相信会有圆满的结果。
I have every reason to be confident of our victory. 我有充分理由坚信胜利是属于我们的。
be conscious of
例：He was conscious of being watched. 他觉察到被人监视。
She was conscious of her flat nose. 她为自己的扁鼻子感到难为情。
I was not conscious of having offended him. 我没有意识到得罪了他。
The greatest of faults is to be conscious of none. 最大的错误就是不认识错误。
You should be conscious of your own shortcomings. 你应该认识到自己的缺点。
Was he conscious of what he was saying at the time? 他当时知道自己在说些什么吗？
be considerate of 替…着想／体谅／体贴
例：He is considerate of old people. 他对老人体贴入微。
She was considerate of everyone. 她对大家考虑得很周到。
Humane people are considerate of animals. 慈悲为怀的人关心动物。
This boss can be considerate of his employees. 这位老板能体贴他的雇员。
She brought her children up to be considerate of others. 她教育孩子们要对人体贴。
He is considerate of other people’s wishes／feelings. 他能体谅别人的愿望／感情。
特别提示：比较下面的it is considerate of sb to do sth句式
例：It was considerate of you to bring me my raincoat. 你为我带来雨衣，真是想得周到。
It was considerate of you not to play the piano while I was asleep.
你在我睡觉时不弹钢琴，真是体贴入微。
2).形容词：critical、deserving、fearful、fond、full、
glad、guilty、hopeful、independent、ignorant（170）
be critical of 对…表示批评／谴责；对…不满
例：The inquiry was critical of her work. 该项调查对她的工作提出了批评。
She taught me to be less critical of other people. 她教育我不要太苛求于人。
Don’t be critical of him, for he is a beginner. 不要对他挑剔，他是个初学者。
He is critical of grammar in the speech of other persons. 他爱挑别人讲话中的语法错误。
The old man was critical of the boy’s impolite behavior.那老人不满意男孩的不礼貌行为。
be deserving of
例：He is deserving of great credit. 他应该得到极大的荣誉。
The poor girl is deserving of sympathy. 那个可怜的女孩值得同情。
The old man was really deserving of pity. 这个老人家实在值得可怜。
His efforts are certainly deserving of praise. 他的努力当然值得表扬。
Such people will never be deserving of trust. 这样的人永远也信赖不得。
His conduct is deserving of the highest praise. 他的行为该得到最高的赞赏。
be fearful of
例：He was fearful of wakening his father. 他怕吵醒他父亲。
They were fearful of tackling that man. 他们害怕与那人打交道。
We were fearful of losing our way in the forest. 我们担心在森林里迷路。
The boss was fearful of his sexretary’s anger. 那老板很怕他的女秘书生气。
They are fearful of another business depression. 他们担心会再次发生商业萧条。
be fond of 爱好／喜欢
例：He is very fond of Chinese food. 他很喜欢吃中国菜。
Trina professed to be fond of art. 屈丽娜自称爱好艺术。
I think my wife must be fond of them. 我想，我夫人一定喜欢。
He seems to be fond of classical literature. 他似乎很喜欢古典文学。
To be fond of learning is to be near to knowledge. 爱好学习就是接近知识。
It’s human nature for parents to be fond of their children. 父母爱孩子是人类的天性。
特别提示：be fond of后面常跟动名词
英语习惯上可说 be fond of doing…，但不说 be fond to do…。
例：She is fond of reading love stories. 她喜欢看爱情故事。
I am fond of cycling to town when it is fine. 天气好的时候我喜欢骑车进城。
be full of 充满／装满／老想着／…很丰富
例：The lake is full of fish. 这湖里鱼很多。
He was full of the news. 他老想着那消息。
The future seems to be full of hope. 前途看来充满希望。
His speech was full of fire and fury. 他的讲话充满愤懑之情。
The tabloid papers are full of smut. 这些小报充斥着下流的东西。
His writings are full of classical allusions. 他的著作里用了很多典故。
She was full of shame at her bad behavior. 她对自己的不良行为感到羞耻。
The report was full of lies and prevarications. 这篇报道不是颠倒黑白就是含糊其辞。
be glad of
例：We are glad of your success. 我们为你们的成功高兴。
I am glad of its being over. 这事总算过去了，我很高兴。
We will be glad of your company. 有你陪同我们十分高兴。
I was glad of it, to tell the truth. 老实说，这样办对我来说是正中下怀。
I shall be glad of your company on the journey. 我将很高兴与你同行。
be guilty of 犯有…罪／犯有…错
例：What crime was he guilty of? 他犯有什么罪？
He was guilty of assault and battery. 他犯了殴打罪。
You have been guilty of a serious blunder. 你犯了一个大错。
They were guilty of gross negligence. 他们犯了见不得人的疏忽。
I saw that I had been guilty of a careless blunder. 我意识到自己因疏忽而酿成大错。
He was guilty of vanity, of several meannesses. 他有虚荣心，干过好几桩卑劣的事。
be hopeful of 对…怀抱希望／相信
例：I am hopeful of success. 我对成功抱有(很大)希望。
He is hopeful of attaining his object. 他相信会达到目标。
We are hopeful of our final victory. 我们对我们的最后胜利抱有希望。
We are hopeful of success in this experiment. 我们希望这个实验能成功。
be independent of脱离…而独立／与…无关／不依赖…的／不受…的支配
例：The two accidents are independent of each other. 这两个意外事件互不相关。
You should learn to be independent of your parents. 你应该学习不要依赖父母。
He is old enough to be independent of his parents. 他够大可以独立不依赖父母了。
He was independent of the opinion of his fellows. 别人的意见对他是毫无影响的。
Judges must be independent of political pressure. 法官们一定不能受政治压力的影响。
be ignorant of
例：She was ignorant of his presence. 她不知道他在场。
I am ignorant of John’s behavior. 我对约翰的行为一无所知。
She appears to be ignorant of this fact. 她似乎不知道这个事实。
What we are ignorant of is immense. 我们不知道的东西多得不可胜数。
I was ignorant of the fact that the boss could be so strict. 我不知道老板居然那样严格。
To say you are ignorant of the rules is no excuse. 说自己不知道规则是不能成为藉口的。
3).形容词：innocent、jealous、patient、proud、sensible、
short／lack、shy、sick、sure、suspicious
be innocent of
例：Her brother was innocent of the crime. 他哥哥没有犯罪。
In fact we were innocent of the crime. 事实上，我们是无辜的。
He was innocent of stratagems and polity. 他对于计谋和政治组织是天真的。
He was sure that the man was innocent of any crime. 他确信那个男人没有犯任何罪。
He was innocent of the crime imputed to him. 对于所加在他身上的罪，他是无辜的。
be jealous of 嫉妒
例：He was said to be jealous of her. 据说是他忌妒她。
We are jealous of our good name. 我们要注意自己的好名声
He was jealous of his friend’s reputation. 他妒忌朋友的声誉。
I am jealous of nobody’s achievements. 我不嫉妒任何人的成就。
We are jealous of our hard-won freedom. 我们珍惜得来不易的自由。
He was jealous of Tom／of Tom’s success. 他妒羡汤姆／汤姆的成就。
be patient of
例：He is patient of cold and hunger. 他能忍饥挨冻。
The soldiers are patient of hardships. 士兵们是能吃苦的。
You should learn to be patient of pains. 你应该学会忍受痛苦。
We must be patient with children. 我们对孩子要有耐心。
The teacher was patient with backward children. 那位老师对迟钝的学童十分耐心。
He is just a small child, so you must be patient with him.
他只不过是个小孩子,你应该对他耐心点。
be proud of
例：He was proud of his school record. 他以学校的成绩自豪。
He appeared to be proud of himself. 他好象为自己而骄傲。
They were proud of their success. 他们为自己的成功而骄傲。
The shop was proud of its exclusiveness. 这商店因别具一格而沾沾自喜。
He was proud of his impeccable pedigree. 他为他出身于名门望族而骄傲。
To be proud of learning is the greatest ignorance. 以学识自傲是最大的无知。
That’s certainly something that we can be proud of. 那当然是我们可以引以自豪的事。
The young should be proud of their own culture. 年轻人应该以他们自己的文化而自豪。
be／get rid of
例：He wasn’t rid of the mental burden. 他摆脱不了精神负担。
I’m glad to be rid of this old clunker. 我很高兴摆脱了这部旧机器。
He’s gone; and I’m glad to be rid of him. 他走了，我很高兴摆脱了他。
She wanted to be rid of her parents and their authority. 她想摆脱父母及其权威的束缚。
Get rid of that meddlesome fool! 让那个爱管闲事的家伙走开。
The first is to get rid of excess poundage. 首先是除掉多余的体重。
It is necessary to get rid of bureaucratic practices. 必须清除官僚习气。
Let’s get rid of this moldy old furniture. 咱们把这件老掉牙的旧家具扔掉吧。
be sensible of
例：He is sensible of his faults. 他察觉到自己的过失。
He was sensible of your kindness. 他知道你的好意。
I was sensible of her solemn grief. 我知道她很悲哀。
Donna be sensible of his shortcoming. 唐纳知道他自己的缺点。
It was sensible of you to refuse the proposal. 你拒绝该提案是明智的。
It was sensible of her to cancel the trip. 她取消了这次旅行是很理智的。
be short／lack of 缺乏／缺少／不够——但“lack+of”属名词型，它更常脱离be而独立使用，或者与别的介词之类结合使用。
例：They are short of food and clothes. 他们缺吃少穿。【be short of】
The rebels were short of gunpowder. 反叛者们缺少弹药。
We are short of men in doing that. 做那件事我们缺少人手。
The point is that we are short of funds. 问题是我们短缺资金。
He had been short of exercise for a long time. 他长期缺乏锻炼。
We’re a bit short of money at the moment. 我们现在手头有点紧。
The hospital is getting short of clean linen. 这所医院现在缺少干净的被服用品。
Our principal problem is lack of time. 我们的主要问题就是缺少时间。【be lack of】
It was lack of money that defeated their plan.因为缺少钱，他们的计划才告失败。
The reason why he didn’t buy the book was lack of money.他没买那本书的原因是没有钱。
但：Lack of sleep is detrimental to one's health. 缺乏睡眠有害健康。【lack of 独立使用】
Lack of evidence resulted in their acquittal.因证据不足而宣判他们无罪。【result in导致／结果是】
The lack of plan leads to overproduction of cars. 缺乏计划导致汽车生产过剩。
The flower languished from lack of water. 花因缺水而枯萎。【lack of前与介词结合】
The project was scuppered by lack of money. 那个计划因缺钱而告吹。
He laid his failure to his lack of experience. 他把失败归咎於缺乏经验。
Industry sometimes compensates for lack of ability. 勤勉有时可以弥补能力之不足。
He was dismayed at his lack of understanding.他对自已的无知感到沮丧。【dismay at对…感到灰心】
It was dismissed because there was lack of evidence. 因缺少证据而被撤销。【there be句中】
There is lack of uniformity in the annual reports. 这几份年度报告缺乏一致性。
be shy of
例：The dog is shy of strangers. 这狗怕生人。
Don’t be shy of telling me. 别犹豫，告诉我吧。
My children are shy of strangers. 我的孩子封陌生人持有戒心。
The band has never been shy of publicity. 这支乐队一向不惮招摇。
I’m shy of buying shares, in case I lose money. 我不敢买股票，怕赔钱。
I am shy of saying too much on this delicate subject. 这敏感问题我不敢说得太多。
be sick of
例：They were sick of doing nothing. 他们闲得发腻。
I am sick of the whole business. 我对这件事实在感到厌烦了。
I am sick of your stupid remarks. 你的那些蠢话我已经听厌了。
I’m sick of waiting around like this. 我腻烦像这样在一旁等着。
I am sick of always waiting for you! 你，老让我等你，真是烦透了。
Get out! I’m sick of the sight of you! 滚出去！一见到你我就觉得讨厌！
be sure
of
例：He is sure of success. 他深信自己会成功。
He was sure of Jack’s innocence. 他确信杰克是无辜的。
So we can be sure of the quality. 这样我们才能确保产品质量。
Can you really be sure of his honesty? 你真的能确信他的诚实？
Mary was sure of John’s single-mindedness. 玛丽对约翰的忠贞很有把握。
Can I be sure of a profit if I put my money there? 我把钱投在那儿一定能获利吗?
4).形容词：suspicious、true、typical、unaware、
unconscious、wary、weary、worthy
be suspicious of 对…有疑心／怀疑…
例：The police are suspicious of him. 警方怀疑他。
I am suspicious of his intentions. 我怀疑他的意图。
Those people were suspicious of everything. 那些人怀疑一切。
He was suspicious of all his neighbors. 他对他所有的邻居都有疑心。
Some were suspicious of their brash cousin. 有人信不过这位厚颜无耻的堂兄弟。
be true of
例：It is true of everybody. 这件事适用于每一个人。
This law is true of any right triangles. 这个定律适用于任何直角三角形。
Which of the following is true of the text? 下列各项中哪一项适用于本文?
That could be true of the proposed merger too, of course. 上述合并案当然也是这样。
a). A is true of B的意思是“A所提到的情况适合于B——B亦如此。”
例：That is true of California in particular. 对加州而言，尤其如此。
This is true of all initialized global variables. 对于所有已初始化的全局变量都是如此。
This is true of China, of the whole East and of the entire world.
这在中国是如此，在整个东方也是如此，在世界也是如此。
b). A is true for B表示“对…来说，尤其／更是如此。”…
例：This is especially true for old people. 对老年人来说尤其是如此。
Alcohol should be consumed in moderation,and this is particularly true for pregnant women.
饮酒应有节制，对于孕妇来说，更应如此。
c). The same is true of...——其意为“也适合于…／…也属同样情况”。
例：The same is true of touch screens. 对于触摸屏也是如此。
The same is true of many cases in life. 生活中很多情况都是如此。
The same is true of all other good things. 所有其他好的事物同样如此。
The same is true of the way of living of the German. 德国人的生活方式也是这样。
Sound is intangible and the same is true of light. 声音是无形的，而光也同样如此。
be typical of 是…的典型代表／为…所特有
例：It was typical of her to forget. 她这人就是爱忘事。
The book is typical of its kind. 这本书在同类书籍中有典型性。
It was typical of him to be so merciless. 只有他才会这么冷酷无情。
It was typical of him to come back home so late. 他总是回家那么晚。
It was typical of him to arrive so late. 到得这么迟，这是他的一贯作风。
Greens and browns are typical of Ribera's palette. 绿色和棕色是里贝拉的主色调。
be unaware of
例：I was unaware of the fact. 这事实我不知道。
He was unaware of my presence. 他没注意到我在场。
The drunk was unaware of the danger. 醉汉没有意识到危险。
He was unaware of my presence/that I was present. 他不知道我在场.
I was unaware of his existence until today.直到今天我才知道有他这么个人。
They were unaware of the impending landslide. 他们并未觉察到迫在眉睫的泥石流。
be unconscious of 不知道／未意识到／未察觉到
例：I was unconscious of her presence. 我不知道她在场。
He was unconscious of his mistake. 他不知道自己的错误。
She was unconscious of any change. 她未察觉出任何变化。
He was unconscious of his mistake. 他没意识到自己犯了错误。
He was unconscious of the beam in his own eye. 他并不知道自己的大毛病。
The boy was unconscious of having done wrong. 这孩子没有意识到做了错事。
be wary of
例：Some children are wary of strangers. 有些小孩怕陌生人。
He was wary of telling state secrets. 他小心翼翼以免泄漏国家机密。
Children were taught to be wary of strangers. 要教知孩子们提防陌生人。
Be wary of
Patient and tolerant, may be wary of strangers. 有耐性和宽容，对陌生人警惕。
be weary of对…感到厌倦／对…不感兴趣
例：Never be weary of well doing. 行善莫怕烦。
I’m weary of your preaching. 你的说教令我厌烦。
The koels were weary of their songs. 布谷鸟都唱倦了。
I am weary of his constant complaints. 我对他不断发牢骚感到厌烦。
I am weary of hearing about your problems. 我听腻了你那些麻烦事。
The people are growing weary of the war. 人民对这场战争越来越厌倦了。
I was weary of the crook throwing dust in my eyes. 我厌倦了这个恶棍对我的欺骗。
be worthy of
例：His deed is worthy of praise. 他的行为值得称赞。
We esteem him to be worthy of trust. 我们认为他值得信任。
I did not esteem him to be worthy of trust. 我认为他不可信赖。
The scheme is worthy of our support. 那个计划值得我们支持。
Their efforts are worthy of your support. 他们这样努力应得到你的支持。
The book is well worthy of his reputation. 这本书完全配得上他的名声。
That’s a name he may be worthy of. 这个称呼他可能当之无愧。
（未完待续）
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