Test #1

1. We generally think of Canada as the northern neighbor of the United States, and more than half of the states extend father north than Canada’s southernmost point.

A) States, and more than half of the states extend

B) States, and it is the case that more than half of the states extend

C) States, but more than half of the states extending

D) States, whereas more than half of the states are extending

E) States; however, more than half of the states extend

2. A cure for some kinds of cancer, scientists believe, may be found within the next decade.

A) scientists believe, may be

B) scientists believe they may be

C) being maybe, in the belief of some scientists,

D) there are some scientists who believe it may be

E) which, some scientists believe, may be

3. The famous battle depicted in the film Braveheart took place in northern England, and many people assume that it was the Scottish Highlands.

A) and many people assume that it was

B) many people assume

C) but many people assume it to be

D) not what many people assume

E) not, as many people assume, in

4. As their brains mature neurologically, infants become more capable to distinguish the shapes and textures of the objects around them.

5. The new regulations have so complicated the process of formulating a school budget to where no one on the board of Education is eager to undertake the task.

A) budget to where

B) budget, therefore

C) budget, even

D) budget as

E) budget that

6. The shift from traditional to cosmetic dentistry is because adults are getting fewer cavities and becoming more vain.

A) is because adults are getting fewer cavities and becoming

B) is because of adults getting fewer cavities and their becoming

C) is caused from adults getting fewer cavities and in addition becoming

D) is occurring because adults are getting fewer cavities and becoming

E) occurs because of adults getting fewer cavities and become

7. All species of sea turtles are endangered because of overharvesting of adults, their eggs being disturbed, and destruction of nesting habitats.

A) overharvesting of adults, their eggs being disturbed, and destruction of nesting habitats.

B) of the adults being overharvesting, their eggs disturbed, and destroying nesting habitats.

C) the overharvesting of adults, disturbance of their eggs, and destruction of nesting habitats.

D) the adults are overharvested, their eggs are disturbed, and their nesting habitats are destroyed

E) being overharvested as adults, their eggs being disturbed, and destruction of nesting habitats.

Test #2

1.       The poet Firdawsi composed the Iranian national epic Shah-nameh in 1010 with his purpose being to recount the history of the Persian kings.

A)     with his purpose being to recount

B)     and his purpose was recounting

C)     to recount

D)     thus recounted

E)     he recounted

2.       In the 100-yard relay our team impressed the crowd with each of the members shaving several second off her own best time.

A)     of the members shaving

B)     of the members had shaved

C)     of the members was shaving

D)     who had been shaving

E)     who shaved

3.       For all their talk about ecology, major companies have so far spent very little to fight pollution.

A)     For all their talk

B)     In spite of the factor of their having talked

C)     Besides their having talked

D)     In addition to their talking

E)     Although there is talk between one and another

4.       Mediators were standing by, prepared to intervene in the labor dispute even though both sides had refused earlier offers for assistance.

5.       An amateur potter herself, the accountant offered to help the artist with his business accounts, complicated as they were by his unusual system of record keeping.

6.       Bees must leave the safety of the hive to forage for food many times a day, they are risking being eaten by any of a multitude of predators.

A)     day, they are risking being eaten

B)     day at the risk of being eaten

C)     day risking them to be eaten

D)     day; the risk is to be eaten

E)     day; likewise, they risk being eaten

7.       An artist who explores Mexican cultural themes, the art of Maria Elena is world renowned.

A) An artist who explores Mexican cultural themes, the art of Maria Elena is world renowned.

B) To explore Mexican cultural themes, the work of artist Maria Elena is world-renowned art.

C) Artist Maria Elena has explored Mexican cultural themes, the art of which is world renowned

D) An artist who has explored Mexican cultural theme, Maria Elena’s art is world renowned.

E) Maria Elena is a world-renowned artist whose art explores Mexican cultural themes.

Test #3

1. On Friday, the local police arrested many demonstrators, especially while picketing the construction site

A)     especially while picketing the construction site

B)     especially them picketing the construction site

C)     especially those who were picketing the construction site

D)     especially their picketing of the construction site

E)     and especially the picketing of the construction site

2. Millions of dollars are spent each year to get rid of fleas on dogs and cats causing a  variety of disease.

A)  to get rid of fleas on dogs and cats causing a variety of disease.

B)  because they can cause a variety of diseases if dogs and cats are not rid of fleas

C)  to rid dogs and cats of fleas, which can cause a variety of diseases.

D)  to be getting dogs and cats rid of fleas, which can cause a variety of diseases.

E)  because a variety of diseases can be gotten if you do not rid dogs and cats of fleas

3. New York State has passed a law requiring that all legal contracts be written in simple, understandable English.

A)  all legal contracts be written

B)  all legal contracts being written

C)  all legal contracts have to be written

D)  the writing of all legal contract is

E)  when writing legal contract, it should be

4. While Sylvia is justifiably proud of the award that she won for placing first in the science contest, but Carol should not feel disappointed about taking second prize,

5. Bill simultaneously listened to music and did homework at the same time because he believed that music enabled him to relax while he studied.

6. Because of repeatedly asking in vain for a comprehensive health-care plan, the empoyees called in sick as a protest against their employer’s stubbornness.

A) Because of repeatedly asking in vain for a comprehensive health-care plan

B) After repeatedly asking in vain for a comprehensive health-care plan

C) They have repeatedly asked in vain for a comprehensive health-care plan

D) Repeatedly asking in vain for a comprehensive health-care plan, finnally

E) While they repeatedly ask in vain for a comprehensive health-care plan

7. In his novels, Thackeray displayed his consciousness of the world about him, as does Dickens, but he sees the world from an entirely different vantage point.

A) as does Dickens, but he sees

B) as with Dickens, but he saw

C) as Dickens, but Thackeray sees

D) as in those of Dickens, but he has seen

E) as did Dickens, but Thackeray saw

Test #4

1.       Intense preoccupation on technique appears to be the one trait that great pianists have in common.

2.       In scenarios reminiscent of the old science fiction movie Fantastic Voyage, medical researchers hope exploring the body with miniature robots sent into the bloodstream.

3.       The ancient Spartans tested the endurance of potential warriors, devised various ordeals, including one that required them to run bare-legged through fields of stinging nettles.

A)     warriors, devised

B)     warriors devising

C)     warriors; and devised

D)     warriors by devising

E)     warriors with the devising of

4.       The lawyers representing the parking-lot operators asserted as to the defensibility of their practices as legal and ethical.

A) as to the defensibility of their practices as legal and ethical.

B) as to their practices and their defensibility on legal and ethical grounds.

C) that their practices, that is the operators, are defensible in legal terms as well as ethics.

D) that in regards to defensibility their practices are legally and ethically defensible.

E) that the practices of the operators are legally and ethically defensible.

5. Because Uranus is nearly three billion kilometers from the Sun and is enveloped by a thick methane cloud layer, this blocks almost all solar radiation.

A) layer, this blocks almost all solar radiation

B) layer, this accounts for its receiving almost no solar radiation

C) layer is the reason why it receives almost no solar radiation

D) layer, almost no solar radiation reaches the planet.

E) layer, it blocks almost all solar radiation from reaching the planet

6. It is a myth that mathematicians are so absorbed with abstractions and thus have no practical interests.

A) so absorbed with abstractions and thus

B) absorbed by abstractions and therefore

C) so absorbed in abstractions that they

D) absorbed in so much abstraction that they

E) too abstract, and so they

7. The city is populated by many people who, although their common language is English, the languages at home range from speaking Armenian to Zapotec.

A) the languages at home range from speaking Armenian to Zapotec

B) speaking at home is in languages ranging from Armenian to Zapotec

C) the languages range from speaking Armenian to Zapotec at home

D) speak languages at home that range from Armenian to Zapotec

E) they are speaking languages at home ranging from Armenian to Zapotec.

Test #5

1. The delegates coming this far, they did not want to return without accomplishing something.

A)     The delegates coming this far, they

B)     Coming this far, the delegates felt they

C)     Having come this far, the delegates

D)     To come this far, the delegates

E)     The delegates came this far, so that they

2. After marching for four hours in temperatures exceeding ninety degrees, the band members were as soaked as if marching through a rainstorm.

A)     if marching

B)     have marched

C)     if from marching

D)     if they had marched

E)     if they would have marched

3. Being as she is a gifted storyteller, Linda Goss expert at describing people and places.

A)     Being as she is a gifted storyteller

B)     In being a gifted storyteller

C)     A gifted storyteller

D)     Although she is a gifted storyteller

E)     Telling stories giftedly

4. The thoughtful student wonders what Patrick Henry meant when he talked about liberty because most of the members of the House of Burgesses then having been slaveholders.

5. No one objects to his company, even though he has made insulting remarks about almost every member of the group, when he is a remarkably witty man.

6. Although the politician was initially very sensitive to be criticized by the press, he quickly became more confident about responding to reporters’ sometimes pointed questions.

7. No sooner had Sarto traveled to France to work for the French king but his wife persuaded him to return to Italy.

A)     but his wife persuaded him to return

B)     but his wife had him persuaded into returning

C)     than he was persuaded by his wife that he will return

D)     but he was persuaded by his wife into returning

E)     that his wife persuaded him to return

8. One of the first people to recognize the talent of Langston Hughes, Jessie Fauset, was an editor at Crisis magazine, publishing Hughes’s poetry in 1921.

A)     Jessie Fauset, was an editor at Crisis magazine, publishing

B)     Jessie Fauset, who edited Crisis magazine and published

C)     Jessie Fauset edited at Crisis magazine who published

D)     Jessie Fauset, an editor at Crisis magazine, published

E)     the editor, Jessie Fauset, published at Crisis magazine

Test # 6

1. Many people were alarmed by the Supreme Court ruling that gave judges discretionary power to determine about closing trials to the public.

A) about closing trials

B) whether he or she ought to close trials

C) whether trials should be closed

D) if her or she should close trials

E) the closing of trials, if they wish

2. The mountain’s summit having been reached, the weary climbers gazed down upon a scene of indescribable grandeur.

A) The mountain’s summit having been reached

B) The summit of the mountain being reached

C) At the mountain’s summit, when they reached it

D) When they reached the mountain’s summit

E) When having reached the mountain’s summit

3. Whether the ancient Egyptians actually sailed or did not to South America remains uncertain, but Heyerdahl’s Ra II expedition demonstrated that they could have done so.

A) Whether the ancient Egyptians actually sailed or did not

B) Whether in actuality the ancient Egyptians sailed or did not

C) The actuality of the sailing by the ancient Egyptians

D) That the ancient Egyptians actually sailed

E) The ancient Egyptians, their actual sailing

4. An expedition was sent in 1949 to check a Turkish villager’s reporting he had seen the remains of Noah’s ark on Mount Ararat.

A) a Turkish villager’s reporting

B) the report of a Turkish villager that

C) the reporting of a Turkish villager

D) that a Turkish villager who reported

E) the Turkish village report saying

5. of al the states represented at the conference, the governor of Missouri was the only one to present plans for enforcing the new regulations.

A) the governor of Missouri was the only one to present

B) making the governor from Missouri the only one to present

C) Missouri’s governor only presented

D) Missouri’s governor presented the only

E) Missouri was the only one whose governor presented

6. In the opinion of the lecturer, a background in the history of the Middle Ages is not a condition necessary in the enjoyment of medieval literature.

7. Malaria, a disease which has been almost completely eradicated in the United States, is still a threat of travelers in some foreign countries.

 

 

Test # 7

1. The services of architect Pei are always very much in demand considering that his buildings combine both beauty and an affordable price.

A) considering that his buildings combine both beauty and an affordable price.

B) considering that his buildings combine both beauty and affordability.

C) because his buildings combine beauty and affordability

D) because his buildings will combine not only beauty but also an affordable price

E) being that his buildings will combine both beauty and affordability

2. Just as Ireland has produced many famous writers and the Netherlands an abundance of famous painters, so Finland has provided a large number of famous architects.

A) so Finland has provided a large number of famous architects.

B) Finland provides famous architects, and by large numbers.

C) Finland’s contribution is to provide famous architects in a large number

D) and so then, for Finland, a large number of famous architects is provided

E) and like them Finland has provided a large number of famous architects

3. Though best known as a jazz vocalist, he also enjoyed gospel music, whereby he told his manager that he wanted to make a recording of his favorite gospel songs.

4. Although its being factual in content, the televised biography of Queen Elizabeth I did not seem credible.

A) Although its being factual in content

B) Despite its factual content

C) Whereas its was factual in content

D) its contents being factual

E) Even though factual contents were there

5. The information age has ushered children into a global society, this situation causing educators to lament a lack of texts that explain the diversity of cultures.

A) this situation causing educators to lament

B) which is the cause of educators lamenting

C) this causing educators’ laments over

D) a situation causing educators to lament

E) and with it educator’s lament at

6. It is hard for some young people to believe that women were at one time not admitted to some colleges, but they have since become coeducational.

A) colleges, but they have since become coeducational.

B) colleges, but they are now coeducational.

C) colleges, and have since become coeducational.

D) colleges that have since become coeducational.

E) colleges, since becoming coeducational.

7. In 1850 Jim Beckwourth, a Black American explorer discovered in the mountains of the Sierra Nevada a pass soon becoming an important gateway to California gold-rush country.

 

Test #8

1. Our lab instructor gave us the assignment, and we started working busily, and we continued to do so for the remainder of the laboratory period.

A) Our lab instructor gave us the assignment, and we started working busily, and we continued to do so for the remainder of the laboratory period.

B) Upon starting to work busily after we were given the assignment by our lab instructor, we continued to do so for the remainder of the laboratory period.

C) Following our lab instructor’s giving us the assignment, we started working busily and laboratory period.

D) After our lab instructor gave us the assignment, we worked busily for the remainder of the laboratory period.

E) We worked busily for the remainder of the laboratory period when the assignment had been given to us by our lab instructor.

2. Finding a wide variety of financial services in a small city is usually not as easy as it is in metropolitan areas.

A) it is

B) is that

C) for those

D) for that

E) are those

3. As an undergraduate at Rutgers University, Paul Robeson developed a serious interest in drama. which eventually led to a distinguished career as an actor during the 1920’s and 1930’s.

A) Paul Robeson developed a serious interest in drama, which eventually led to

B) Paul Robeson’s interest in drama developed seriously and eventually led him to

C) Where Paul Robeson developed a serious interest in drama. eventually leading him to

D) Paul Robeson developed a serious interest in drama, having led him eventually to a

E) Where he developed a serious interest in drama, paul Robeson, as a result, eventually went on to

4. In the early days of the steam locomotive, compassionate engineers would sometimes have thrown coal overboard in poor neigbhoods.

5. Given her strong sense of social justice, Burns vehemently protested over her party’s failure to support a tax decrease for senior citizens.

6. professor Chen repeated her point that the hero, if given the chance to relive the moment, would choose to do it.

7. Although only two inches long, the shrew is a mammal and therefore a relative of elephants and giraffes.

A) Although only

B) Whereas only

C) Despite only

D) While its size is

E) Since it is

 

Test #9

1. The legislators agreed to return to their district and they would hold a series of town meetings on the recently passed tax bills.

A) to return to their district and they would hold

B) to return to their district to hold

C) to returning to their district, thereby holding

D) with returning to their districts for holding of

E) on the return to their district to the holding

2. In Germany, foresters discovered that trees killed by acid rain had begun to die four years earlier,even though the trees had shown no signs of disease then.

A) earlier,even though the trees had shown no signs of disease then.

B) ealier, but not showing any signs of disease then

C) earlier, no outward signs of disease had been shown then in the trees, however.

D) ealier without any signs of disease shown then

E) earlier, not then having shown any signs of disease, however.

3. The Red Cross workers had not expected the refugees from the flooded plain to be as desperate and as undernourished as those whom they had seen earlier in the week.

4. Far away from having been a diehard conservative, Hoover was, some scholares now contend, the leadiong progressive of his day.

5. For the most part, in the action of how an animal behaves, instinct is the main determninant.

A) For the most part, in the action of how an animal behaves, instinct is the main determninant

B) Generally, an animal’s behavior and actions are mostly instintual ones.

C) An animal’s actions, as to behavior, are by and large instinctively determined.

D) An animal’s actions are largely determined by instinct.

E) Animals mainly have their instinct as a determinant for behavior.

6. Today, more and more women are becoming doctors, lawyers, engineers, chemists, or other professions.

A) or other professions.

B) or they work in other professions

C) or at work in other professional fields

D) or professionals in other fields

E) or in other professional fields

7. Enzymes are among the oldest known chimcal componds,as they catually are nonliving protein molucules.

A) Enzymes are among the oldest known chemical compounds, as they actually are nonliving protein molecules.

B) Among the oldest known chemical compounds, the nonliving protein molecules are actually called enzymes.

C) Enzymes, among the oldest known chemical compounds, actually are nonliving protein molecules.

D) Enzymes actually are nonliving protein molecule, being among the oldest known chemical compounds.

E) Actually, enzymes being nonliving protein molecules, they are among the oldest known chemical compounds.

Test #10

1. Scientists are seeking better ways to predict damage from earthquakes, and they are using supersensitive recorders to study how rock breaks and moves in an earthquake.
A) Scientists are seeking better ways to predict damage from earthquakes, and they
B) Scientists who seek better ways to predict damage from earthquakes, they

C) Scientists seeking better ways to predict damage from earthquakes

D) Seeking better ways for the prediction of damage from earthquakes, scientists who

E) Seeking to better predict damage from earthquakes is why scientists

2. The illustrated books by Dr.Seuss have managed keeping youngsters and adults alike entertained for several decades.

3. In a world that the rate of technological and social change accelerates frighteningly, change itself often seems to be the only constant.

4. To fear the act of impeachment and to think of it that it threatens the presidential office is to be misinformed about the Constitution and ignorant of the law.

A) that it threatens the presidential office

B) as a threat to the presidency

C) that a threat exists for the presidency

D) as it were a threat at the presidency

E) as if it were like a threat to the presidency

5. Paradoxically, one way that Shakespeare transcended his era was because of having included it in his plays.

A) because of having included it

B) when he included it

C) through his including of it

D) by its inclusion of it

E) by including it

6. Insofar as so many people were going to the music festival, the highway was jammed with cars.

A) Insofar as so many people were

B) With the great many people who are going

C) In that there being so many people who went

D) Because there was a great many people who went

E) Because so many people were going

7. The villagers found the visitors equally as facinating as their customs were mystifying.

A) equally as facinating as their customs were

B) equally fascinating and their customs

C) As fascinating and their customs

D) As fascinating as their customs were

E) As fascinating and their customs were