【明】沈周--------书法作品赏析

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分类: 【明代】书画 |
http://s11/mw690/003x26skgy6Id2EI2821a&690沈周(1427年—1509年)字启南、号石田、白石翁、玉田生、有居竹居主人等,是明中叶画坛上四大艺术家(另三人为文徵明、唐寅、仇英)之一,人称江南“吴门画派”的班首,在画史上影响深远。沈家世代隐居吴门,居苏州相城,故里和墓在今相城区阳澄湖镇。沈周的曾祖父是王蒙的好友,父亲恒吉,又是杜琼的学生,书画乃家学渊源。父亲、伯父都以诗文书画闻名乡里。
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沈周;沈家世代隐居吴门,居苏州相城,故里和墓在今相城区阳澄湖镇。沈周的曾祖父是王蒙的好友,父亲沈恒吉,又是杜琼的学生,书画乃家学渊源。父亲、伯父都以诗文书画闻名乡里。沈周像沈周一生家居读书,吟诗作画,优游林泉,追求精神上的自由,蔑视恶浊的政治现实,一生未应科举,始终从事书画创作。他学识渊博,富于收藏。交游甚广,极受众望,平时平和近人,要书求画者“屦满户外”,“贩夫牧竖”向他求画,从不拒绝。甚至有人作他的赝品,求为题款,他也欣然应允。有曹太守其人,新屋落成欲图其楹庑,搜罗画家,沈周亦在其中,隶往摄之,沈周曰:“毋惊老母,旦夕往画不敢后”客人颇不平曰:“太守不知先生,何贱先生于此?渴贵游可勿往。”沈周答曰:“往役义也,岂有贱哉?谒而求免,乃贱耳。”沈周的书画流传很广,真伪混杂,较难分辨。文征明因此称他为飘然世外的“神仙中人”。
沈周在元明以来文人画领域有承前启后的作用。他书法师黄庭坚,绘画造诣尤深,兼工山水、花鸟,也能画人物,以山水和花鸟成就突出。在绘画方法上,沈周早年承受家学,兼师杜琼。后来博取众长,出入于宋元各家,主要继承董源、巨然以及元四家黄公望、王蒙,吴镇的水墨浅绛体系。又参以南宋李、刘、马、夏劲健的笔墨,融会贯通,刚柔并用,形成粗笔水墨的新风格,自成一家。沈周早年多作小幅,40岁以后始拓大幅,中年画法严谨细秀,用笔沉着劲练,以骨力胜,晚岁笔墨粗简豪放,气势雄强。沈周的绘画,技艺全面,功力浑朴,在师法宋元的基础上有自己的创造,发展了文人水墨写意山水、花鸟画的表现技法,成为吴门画派的领袖