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题源：语言学家David Graddol的著作 “English Next” （《英语走向何方》）

主题：英语语言学

考试原文

The growth of the use of English as the world`s primary language for international communication has obviously been continuing for several decades. (46)But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.

　　Complex international, economic, technological and culture change could start to diminish the leading position of English as the language of the world market, and UK interests which enjoy advantage from the breath of English usage would consequently face new pressures. Those realistic possibilities are highlighted in the study presented by David Graddol. (47)His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generations of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.

　　David Graddol concludes that monoglot English graduates face a bleak economic future as qualified multilingual youngsters from other countries are proving to have a competitive advantage over their British counterparts in global companies and organizations. Alongside that,(48) many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages.

　　If left to themselves, such trends will diminish the relative strength of the English language in international education markets as the demand for educational resources in languages, such as Spanish, Arabic or Mandarin grows and international business process outsourcing in other language such as Japanese, French and German, spreads.

(49)The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to UK`s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors. The English language teaching sector directly earns nearly &1.3 billion for the UK in invisible exports and our other education related explores earn up to &10 billion a year more. As the international education market expands, the recent slowdown in the number of international students studying in the main English-speaking countries is likely to continue, especially if there are no effective strategic policies to prevent such slippage.

　　The anticipation of possible shifts in demand provided by this study is significant. (50) It gives a basis to all organizations which seek to promote the learning and the use of English, a basis for planning to meet possibilities of what could be a very different operating environment. That is a necessary and practical approach. In this as in much else, those who wish to influence the future must prepare for it.

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参考答案

46. But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.

参考译文：但是，尽管说英语的人数进一步增加，还是有迹象表明，英语的全球优势地位在不久的将来可能会减弱。

难点：even as引导让步状语从句；signs后接同位语从句。

47. His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generations of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.

参考译文：因此，大卫的分析应该会消除一些人的自满情绪，这些人认为英语的全球地位非常稳固，英国的年轻一代无需学习额外的语言技能。

难点：those指代某些人；who引导定语从句；so...that…句型。

48. …many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages.

参考译文：许多国家将英语纳入小学课程体系，但英国的学龄儿童和其他学生似乎并未因此受到更大的鼓舞，去熟练掌握其他语言。

难点：introduce意为“引进，纳入”；appear to do sth. 意为“似乎……”。

49. The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to UK`s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors.

参考译文：大卫·格兰多提出的种种变化给一些英国机构提出了明确而重大的挑战，这些机构主要负责向其他国家和广大的教育行业提供英语教学服务。

难点：identified by…过去分词短语作后置定语；provider指提供英语教学服务的机构。

50. It gives a basis to all organizations which seek to promote the learning and the use of English, a basis for planning to meet possibilities of what could be a very different operating environment.

参考译文：对需求变化的预测为旨在提升英语学习和应用能力的各级组织提供了基础，使其能够做出规划，来应对一个迥然不同的运营环境所带来的各种可能性。

难点：It指代前文无生命对象，需转换成名词翻译；which引导定语从句；what引导宾语从句。