加载中…基于ANSYS的永磁同步电机温度场分析专题资料(一)
(2015-01-01 19:30:09)
标签：
ansys热耦合永磁同步电机温度场分析研发埠杂谈 |
分类： 研发埠专题 |
基于ANSYS的永磁同步电机的温度场分析
利用Ansys有限元分析软件对永磁同步电机的平面二维模型进行温度场分析，将分析得到的结果与理论计算结果进行比较，寻找出一种有效的计算电机
温度场的方法。
近些年来，由于永磁同步电机在工农业的生产生活中应用越来越广泛，随着电机的负载逐渐增大，电机运行时的损耗也逐渐增加，导致电机内部温升同时增大。而过高的温升容易使得电机部件出现过早老化的现象，所以电机内部温升是电机设计中必须考虑的参数。
由于电机内部结构复杂、磁场分布不均匀等因素，使得人们对于电机内部温度场分布的认识大多停留于公式计算出的电机温升的平均值，而没有具体到电机的温度分布规律。利用Ansys有限元分析软件，可以模拟出电机内部温度场的分布情况，从而解决这一问题。
Maxwell 与 ANSYS热耦合(视频)：
http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XODQ1NjkyMzUy.html
案例：基于ANSYS的永磁同步电机温度场分析流程
1. 电机运行的生热率物理定义是：在单位时间内由单位体积的内热源所产生的热量大小，其生热率计算公式：Q=Wq/V 。在电机运行过程中，发热来源有铜耗、铁耗、机械损耗和附加损耗。其中主要的内热源就是铜耗和铁耗，忽略对温度变化影响微小的机械损耗和附加损耗，仅考虑占损耗绝大部分的铜耗和铁耗两部分。
（1）铜耗的计算PCu=Σ（IIR）
（2）铁耗的计算Pfe=KaPfeGfe
2. 在几乎不影响计算结果仿真云图的前提下，为了减少计算量，提高效率，假设：铁芯损耗主要为定子铁芯损耗，忽略转子铁芯中产生的损耗，对5.5KW的稀土永磁同步电机进行瞬态热分析。
（1）建立电机几何模型，进入前处理器；
（2） 定义材料属性：定义单元类型并设置单元参数，对电机各部分的材参数进行定义并更新工程文件；
（3） 网格剖分：剖分网格，生成有限元模型。由于电机内部的磁场分布复杂，考虑到计算精度及耗时情况，对不同的区域采用不同的计算精确度，温升变化大的地方需要对网格进行细分，主要集中在铜耗大的绕组部分和铁耗大的铁芯定子部分。而其他地方可以采用略低精度网格剖分；
（4） 加载边界条件和载荷，求解：首先添加自由度约束，在温度场的分析中，以温度为自由度约束；其次是编辑温度，并选择其应用区域，定义整个模型的初始温度；再次是添加热载荷，此处添加的热载荷为生热率，即二维电机模型铜耗和铁耗部分。边界条件主要是初始温度值，取20℃，然后再添加对流条件和生热率载荷。其中，对于电机发热影响最大的两项损耗的大小分别是：铜耗PCu=68W，铁耗PFe=268W；
（5）后处理：进入通用后处理器，对瞬态热分析结果进行后处理。
PMSM热分析文库频道：
1.变频控制下永磁同步电机温度场分析
http://www.yanfabu.com/wk_index_fileview_id_33269.html
在变频控制下的永磁同步电机谐波含量大、发热严重，且散热结构复杂。为研究其温升分布规律，该文以一台50kW永磁同步电机为例，基于计算流体力学以及传热传质学基本理论，根据共轭传热原理，建立包含形状复杂的散热翅及接线盒等结构部件的三维流动与传热的物理模型。应用有限体积元法，对变频供电情况下的永磁同步驱动电机内各部件温升及流体流动进行了数值求解，并着重分析了电机内主要结构部件的温升空间分布特性。通过与实验数据的对比分析，验证了其计算结果的准确性以及求解方法的合理性，为中小型永磁同步驱动电机的设计提供一定的参考和实际工程价值。
2.应用集中参数热模型的高密度IPM电机运行过程的热仿真
http://www.yanfabu.com/wk_index_fileview_id_33270.html
应用集中参数热模型对高密度IPM电机运行过程进行热仿真。集中参数热模型直接逼近电机的热性能，可以快速评估IPM电机运行过程的热性能，便于IPM电机及其冷却系统设计方案的论证和比较研究。比较仿真结果和实验测试结果,绕组温度的仿真曲线与实验测试结果相吻合，证明了该方法的有效性。
3.The cooling system design and performance analysis of the disc type permanent magnet synchronous motor
http://www.yanfabu.com/wk_index_fileview_id_33271.html
To extremely improve high power density of a disc type permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), the results are simulated with finite element method considering the electro-magnetic, fluid and thermal. Motor output power and temperature rise with different water are calculated by flow analysis. The rationality of thermal conductivities of materials are proved by comparing the calculated results with the test data, which could be referred in the design of this kind of motor.
4.An improved analytical method for eddy-current losses and thermal analysis in permanent magnets of PMSMs
http://www.yanfabu.com/wk_index_fileview_id_33272.html
This paper researches the principles of eddy-current losses of permanent magnet synchronous motor. Firstly, the paper establishes an analytical model of the flux density in magnets and eddy-current density from the point of views of eddy field and harmonic model. At the same time, the comparison of FEA and analytical result are put forward. In order to analyze the influence of eddy-current losses to the stability of high power-density and different magnet structure to the temperature rise of PMSMs, the paper provides the thermal
analysis of prototype motor. It is shown that the analysis results can provide directive value for motor design and stability analysis.
5.A low-order thermal model for monitoring critical temperatures in permanent magnet synchronous motors
http://www.yanfabu.com/wk_index_fileview_id_33273.html
Monitoring critical temperatures in electric motors is crucial for preventing shortened motor life spans due to excessive thermal stress. With regard to permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM), critical temperatures can occur in the magnets and the stator end winding. While excessive magnet
6.Thermal analysis of an interior permanent magnet synchronous traction motor for high speed railway applications
http://www.yanfabu.com/wk_index_fileview_id_33274.html
In this paper thermal behavior of a 600kW 4200r/min interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) with forced ventilation in the stator was analyzed using Fluent. Due to its high power density and compact structure, accurate thermal analysis of PMSM traction machine is of great importance in designing and optimizing. Different structures of stator ventilation are evaluated and the square ventilation structure in the inner surface of house is selected.
7.Thermal evaluation of different drive train topologies for electrichybrid vehicles
http://www.yanfabu.com/wk_index_fileview_id_33275.html
The aim of this paper is to study the influence of the drive train topology on the temperature of the different components in permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives applied to electric/hybrid vehicles. The temperature is a critical parameter because it is directly related to the lifetime and reliability of a device. This is particular important for PMSMs since it also influences the magnetic flux produced by the permanent magnets.
8.Rotor surface ferrite magnet synchronous machine for generator use in a hybrid application — Electro-magnetic and thermal analysis
http://www.yanfabu.com/wk_index_fileview_id_33276.html
To reach a particular tangential stress in a PMSM the magnetic loading and the electric loading should have corresponding values. This means that if the magnetic loading is restricted by the characteristics of cheap and relatively weak ferrite permanent magnets, the electric loading should be increased to keep the tangential stress at desirable value. However, the latter is also limited because of the demagnetization risk of the permanent magnets by a high armature reaction.
9.Analysis of losses and thermal model in a surface-mounted permanent-magnet synchronous machine over a wide- voltage range of rated output power operation
http://www.yanfabu.com/wk_index_fileview_id_33277.html
This paper shows the results of permanent magnet eddy current loss, iron core loss and Copper loss of a surface permanent magnet synchronous machine. A thermal model for the temperature of all motor components is also presented in the paper. This PMSM will be operated at the voltage 700-1000V powered by the battery pack. So the losses are calculated separately at four different DC link voltages (700V, 800V, 900V, 1000V). The analysis shows that this motor should stop working to avoid damage at very low voltage.
更多请关注：www.yanfabu.com
利用Ansys有限元分析软件对永磁同步电机的平面二维模型进行温度场分析，将分析得到的结果与理论计算结果进行比较，寻找出一种有效的计算电机
温度场的方法。
近些年来，由于永磁同步电机在工农业的生产生活中应用越来越广泛，随着电机的负载逐渐增大，电机运行时的损耗也逐渐增加，导致电机内部温升同时增大。而过高的温升容易使得电机部件出现过早老化的现象，所以电机内部温升是电机设计中必须考虑的参数。
Maxwell 与 ANSYS热耦合(视频)：
http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XODQ1NjkyMzUy.html
案例：基于ANSYS的永磁同步电机温度场分析流程
1. 电机运行的生热率物理定义是：在单位时间内由单位体积的内热源所产生的热量大小，其生热率计算公式：Q=Wq/V 。在电机运行过程中，发热来源有铜耗、铁耗、机械损耗和附加损耗。其中主要的内热源就是铜耗和铁耗，忽略对温度变化影响微小的机械损耗和附加损耗，仅考虑占损耗绝大部分的铜耗和铁耗两部分。
（1）铜耗的计算PCu=Σ（IIR）
（2）铁耗的计算Pfe=KaPfeGfe
2. 在几乎不影响计算结果仿真云图的前提下，为了减少计算量，提高效率，假设：铁芯损耗主要为定子铁芯损耗，忽略转子铁芯中产生的损耗，对5.5KW的稀土永磁同步电机进行瞬态热分析。
（1）建立电机几何模型，进入前处理器；
（2） 定义材料属性：定义单元类型并设置单元参数，对电机各部分的材参数进行定义并更新工程文件；
（3） 网格剖分：剖分网格，生成有限元模型。由于电机内部的磁场分布复杂，考虑到计算精度及耗时情况，对不同的区域采用不同的计算精确度，温升变化大的地方需要对网格进行细分，主要集中在铜耗大的绕组部分和铁耗大的铁芯定子部分。而其他地方可以采用略低精度网格剖分；
（4） 加载边界条件和载荷，求解：首先添加自由度约束，在温度场的分析中，以温度为自由度约束；其次是编辑温度，并选择其应用区域，定义整个模型的初始温度；再次是添加热载荷，此处添加的热载荷为生热率，即二维电机模型铜耗和铁耗部分。边界条件主要是初始温度值，取20℃，然后再添加对流条件和生热率载荷。其中，对于电机发热影响最大的两项损耗的大小分别是：铜耗PCu=68W，铁耗PFe=268W；
（5）后处理：进入通用后处理器，对瞬态热分析结果进行后处理。
PMSM热分析文库频道：
1.变频控制下永磁同步电机温度场分析
http://www.yanfabu.com/wk_index_fileview_id_33269.html
在变频控制下的永磁同步电机谐波含量大、发热严重，且散热结构复杂。为研究其温升分布规律，该文以一台50kW永磁同步电机为例，基于计算流体力学以及传热传质学基本理论，根据共轭传热原理，建立包含形状复杂的散热翅及接线盒等结构部件的三维流动与传热的物理模型。应用有限体积元法，对变频供电情况下的永磁同步驱动电机内各部件温升及流体流动进行了数值求解，并着重分析了电机内主要结构部件的温升空间分布特性。通过与实验数据的对比分析，验证了其计算结果的准确性以及求解方法的合理性，为中小型永磁同步驱动电机的设计提供一定的参考和实际工程价值。
2.应用集中参数热模型的高密度IPM电机运行过程的热仿真
http://www.yanfabu.com/wk_index_fileview_id_33270.html
应用集中参数热模型对高密度IPM电机运行过程进行热仿真。集中参数热模型直接逼近电机的热性能，可以快速评估IPM电机运行过程的热性能，便于IPM电机及其冷却系统设计方案的论证和比较研究。比较仿真结果和实验测试结果,绕组温度的仿真曲线与实验测试结果相吻合，证明了该方法的有效性。
3.The cooling system design and performance analysis of the disc type permanent magnet synchronous motor
http://www.yanfabu.com/wk_index_fileview_id_33271.html
To extremely improve high power density of a disc type permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), the results are simulated with finite element method considering the electro-magnetic, fluid and thermal. Motor output power and temperature rise with different water are calculated by flow analysis. The rationality of thermal conductivities of materials are proved by comparing the calculated results with the test data, which could be referred in the design of this kind of motor.
4.An improved analytical method for eddy-current losses and thermal analysis in permanent magnets of PMSMs
http://www.yanfabu.com/wk_index_fileview_id_33272.html
This paper researches the principles of eddy-current losses of permanent magnet synchronous motor. Firstly, the paper establishes an analytical model of the flux density in magnets and eddy-current density from the point of views of eddy field and harmonic model. At the same time, the comparison of FEA and analytical result are put forward. In order to analyze the influence of eddy-current losses to the stability of high power-density and different magnet structure to the temperature rise of PMSMs, the paper provides the thermal
analysis of prototype motor. It is shown that the analysis results can provide directive value for motor design and stability analysis.
5.A low-order thermal model for monitoring critical temperatures in permanent magnet synchronous motors
http://www.yanfabu.com/wk_index_fileview_id_33273.html
Monitoring critical temperatures in electric motors is crucial for preventing shortened motor life spans due to excessive thermal stress. With regard to permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM), critical temperatures can occur in the magnets and the stator end winding. While excessive magnet
6.Thermal analysis of an interior permanent magnet synchronous traction motor for high speed railway applications
http://www.yanfabu.com/wk_index_fileview_id_33274.html
In this paper thermal behavior of a 600kW 4200r/min interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) with forced ventilation in the stator was analyzed using Fluent. Due to its high power density and compact structure, accurate thermal analysis of PMSM traction machine is of great importance in designing and optimizing. Different structures of stator ventilation are evaluated and the square ventilation structure in the inner surface of house is selected.
7.Thermal evaluation of different drive train topologies for electrichybrid vehicles
http://www.yanfabu.com/wk_index_fileview_id_33275.html
The aim of this paper is to study the influence of the drive train topology on the temperature of the different components in permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives applied to electric/hybrid vehicles. The temperature is a critical parameter because it is directly related to the lifetime and reliability of a device. This is particular important for PMSMs since it also influences the magnetic flux produced by the permanent magnets.
8.Rotor surface ferrite magnet synchronous machine for generator use in a hybrid application — Electro-magnetic and thermal analysis
http://www.yanfabu.com/wk_index_fileview_id_33276.html
To reach a particular tangential stress in a PMSM the magnetic loading and the electric loading should have corresponding values. This means that if the magnetic loading is restricted by the characteristics of cheap and relatively weak ferrite permanent magnets, the electric loading should be increased to keep the tangential stress at desirable value. However, the latter is also limited because of the demagnetization risk of the permanent magnets by a high armature reaction.
9.Analysis of losses and thermal model in a surface-mounted permanent-magnet synchronous machine over a wide- voltage range of rated output power operation
http://www.yanfabu.com/wk_index_fileview_id_33277.html
This paper shows the results of permanent magnet eddy current loss, iron core loss and Copper loss of a surface permanent magnet synchronous machine. A thermal model for the temperature of all motor components is also presented in the paper. This PMSM will be operated at the voltage 700-1000V powered by the battery pack. So the losses are calculated separately at four different DC link voltages (700V, 800V, 900V, 1000V). The analysis shows that this motor should stop working to avoid damage at very low voltage.
更多请关注：www.yanfabu.com
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