一.反意疑问句的定义

反意疑问句（The Disjunctive Questions ）是疑问句的一种，它对陈述部分的事实提出相反的疑问，形式上是个省略句，附在陈述部分之后，并用逗号与陈述部分隔开（主语一般用相应的代词；有时这种问句并没有反意疑问句的意味，而是提出一个事实上听话人承认的问题。所以，人们统称为附加疑问句（Tag Questions ）。

附加疑问句主要是由“陈述句 + 附加疑问”构成，附加疑问部分的动词一般要与陈述部分的动词相对应，附加疑问部分的主语要与陈述部分的主语相对应，如果陈述部分的主语是名词词组，则附加疑问部分用相应的代词表示。

二.附加疑问句的类型

附加疑问句的类型为：陈述句 + 反意附加疑问。该类型又可以分为以下两种情况阐述：

① 当陈述句为肯定式时，附加疑问句用否定形式，即肯定的陈述句+否定的附加疑问句。

例句：

It's very hot today, isn't it ? Yes, it is . 今天天气很热，是不是？ 是的，很热。

That clock is slow ,isn't it? Yes, it is. 这钟是缓慢的，不是吗？是的，它是。

You want to get your TV set back , don't you ? Yes , I do.

你想您的电视机回来，不是吗？是的，我是这样想的。

② 当陈述句用否定式时，附加疑问句用肯定形式，即否定的陈述句+肯定的附加疑问句。

例句：

It isn't very hot today, is it ? 今天不是很热，是吗？

That clock isn't slow ,is it ? 这钟不是缓慢的， 是吗？

注意这一类型的附加疑问句的回答，不管问题的提法如何，若事实是肯定的，就要用yes，事实是否定的，就要用no，这与汉语不一样，应特别注意。

例句：

She isn't a teacher , is she? 她不是教师，是吗？

Yes , she is. 不，她是。

No, she isn't .是的 ， 她不是。

三.附加疑问句的构成

1.当陈述部分的主语是everybody, everyone ,someone, no one, nobody, somebody 等指人的合成词时，附加疑问部分的主语在正式语体中通常用he,在非正式文体中则往往用they。

例句

Nobody likes to lose money , does he? 没有人愿意赔钱，那么他呢？

Everyone enjoyed the party, didn't they /he ? 每个人都很喜欢这个舞会，他们不是吗？

2.当陈述部分的主语是everything ,anything, something, nothing 等指物的合成词时，附加疑问部分的主语只能用 it。

例句

Nothing is difficult , is it ? 没什么难的事情，不是吗？

Everything seems all right , doesn't it ? 所有的事情都好了，不是吗？

3.当陈述部分是there 引起的句时，附加疑问部分的主语也用there。

例句

There is a boat on the river, isn't there? 河上有一只船， 不是吗？

There stands a house and a lot of trees , doesn't there? 那有一座房子还有一些树，不是吗？

4.当陈述部分含有seldom , hardly, scarely, no, not,never, rarely,few, little, nothing, nobody , nowhere 等否定词或半否定词，附加疑问部分采用肯定形式。

例句

Nobody phoned while I was out ,did they ? 当我在外面的时候没有人来电话，是吗？

Few people know him ,do they ? 几乎没有人认识他，是吗？

He has never been to Beijing ,has he? 他从来没有去过北京，是吗？

5.当陈述部分含有un- ,in- ,im-, il-, ir-, dis-等否定前缀或less等否定后缀构成的派生词时，附加疑问则用否定形式。

例句

It's unfair, isn't it ? 那不公平，不是吗？

She dislikes it , doesn't she? 她不喜欢它，不是吗？

6.当陈述部分含有no one , nobody , none ,nothing ,neither等作动词的宾语时，附加疑问部分采用肯定形式。

例句

He has nothing to say ,does(n't) he? 他没什么可说的，是吗？

You got nothing from him, did(n't) you? 你从他那什么都没得到，是吗？

四.18种特殊的反意疑问句语法总结

1.    祈使句:祈使句后一般加上will you 或won't you 构成反意疑问句，用will you 多表示“请求”，用won't you多表示提醒对方注意。

2.    感叹句:感叹句后加反意疑问句时，其反意疑问句需用be 的一般现在时态的否定形式。

3.    当陈述部分谓语动词是need , dare, used to 且这些词被用作实义动词时，其反意疑问句需用do 的适当形式。

4.    陈述部分主、谓语是I am … 时，反意疑问句用aren’t I 或ain’t I, 而不是am not I (可用am I not )。

5.    陈述部分的主语是everything ,nothing,anything 或something时，反意疑问句的主语应用代词it 。

6.    陈述部分的主语是everybody, everyone, anybody, anyone, somebody, someone ,nobody, no one, none, neither时，其反意疑问句的主语需用复数代词they 。

7.    陈述部分的主语是指示代词this 或that 时，反意疑问句的主语用it , 当陈述部分的主语是指示代词these 或those时，其反意疑问句的主语用they 。

8.    陈述部分的主语是不定代词one 时，反意疑问句的主语可以用one,也可以用you (美式英语用he )。

9.    当陈述部分含有以下这些含有否定意义的词时：few, little, seldom, hardly, never, not , no, no one , nobody ,nothing ,none, nether等，其反意疑问句需用肯定结构。

10.   当陈述部分所含的否定词是通过加前缀或后缀构成的，其后的反意疑问句依然有否定结构。

11.   含有否定含意的词在陈述部分做动词的宾语时，其反意疑问句用肯定结构，也可用否定结构。

12.   当陈述部分主语是从句、不定式（短语）、动词-ing 形式时，反意疑问句的主语应该用it。

13.   当陈述部分含I think (believe ,suppose…)that…结构时，其反意疑问句须与从句的主、谓语保持一致，注意主句的主语必须是第一人称。

14.   have(has) 不是表示“有”的意思，并在句中做谓语时，其反意疑问句的助动词要用do, does, did。

15.   陈述部分有have to 时，其反意疑问句要用助动词的否定形式。

16.   陈述部分是there be 句型时，其反意疑问句中要用there .

17.   陈述部分有had better 时，其反意疑问句要用hadn’t.

18.   当陈述部分含有情态动词must时，我们最好分析一下must的含义。如果must作“一定；要；必须”讲，反意疑问句须用mustn’t或needn’t;而当must作推测意义“一定是；必定”讲时，反意疑问句则需根据must后的动词原形选相应的形式。

一、选择最佳答案填空

1、The poor man needs our help, ______ he?  

    A. need B. needn’t C. does D. doesn’t

此题need后面加了s，所以是实义动词，故应借助does来疑问，前面肯定，后面用否定，故应选D

2、He’s never watched such an important watch, ______?

 A. hasn’t he B. has he C. isn’t he D. is he

此题要考虑两个因素，一是要关注是肯定还是否定，由never可知，此题为否定，后面要用肯定形式，答案应选B或D,第二看‘s是is 还是has , 由动词watched可以得出's是has，故答案应选B.

3、You have few friends, ______?
 A. haven’t you B. have you C. you have D. you haven’t

分析：因为句中有few，所以前面为否定形式，后面要用肯定的形式，首先挑出答案B或C,句中的have表示有，所以可以直接用来否定或疑问,所以此题应选B

4、Tom has supper at school, ______?
 A. hasn’t he B. has he C. doesn’t D. does he

分析：句中前面为肯定形式，后面要用否定形式，所以首先选出A或C,因为句中动词has表示吃为实义动词，所以要借助does，故此题应选C.

5、He’s almost finished ______ the book, ______ he?
 A. reading, isn’t B. to read, isn’t

 C. reading, hasn’t D. to read, hasn’t

分析：首先是finish后面跟doing结构，所以要从A或C中选出答案，之后看's是has还是is，从finished可以看出's是has,所以应选C

6、You were on the farm yesterday, ______ you?
 A. didn’t B. don’t C. can’t D. weren’t

分析：本句中有系动词were，所以可以直接用were来回答，前句为肯定句，后句应为否定句。所以此题选D.

7、Don’t close the window, ______ you?
 A. did B. will C. was D. won’t

分析：本题为祈使句的否定句，祈使句无论肯定句还是否定句，都可以用will you?来回答，所以此题选B.

8、Let’s go shopping, ______ we?
 A. shall B. will C. was D. is

分析：此题为祈使句的反义疑问句，但是它非常特殊，我们可以牢记，如果Let's为缩写形式，反义疑问句为shall we ?如果分开 let us, 反义疑问句为will you ?此题选A.

9、The meeting will begin at half past two in the afternoon, ______? 
     A. does it B. doesn’t it C. will it D. won’t it

分析：此题为一般将来时的反义疑问句，句中有will，而且是肯定的形式，所以反义疑问句应为否定的形式，故此题选D.

11、The sick man’s allowed to take a walk in the garden every day, ______? 
 A. is he B. isn’t he C. has he D. hasn’t he

分析：因为句中有every day ，我们可以判断出此题为一般现在时，所以's应为is ，所以此题的答案为B.

12、There are few people on the playground, ______? 
 A. are there B. are they C. has he D. hasn’t he

分析：句中有否定词few,所以后面应用肯定的形式，此句为there be 句型，所以此题答案为A

13、Tom could hardly work out the maths problem, ______ he? 
 A. couldn’t B. could C. didn’t D. did

分析：句中有否定词hardly，所以后面应用肯定的形式，故选B

14、Let’s go to the island, ______?
 A. won’t you B. will you C. shall we D. will we

分析：与第8题的解析一样，此题应选C.

15、Don’t forget to give Polly some food and change he water, ______? 
 A. will you B. shall we C. won’t you D. do you

分析：与第7题的解析一样，此题应选A

16、There are few people on that village, ______ there? 
 A. did B. does C. was D. are

分析：此题与第12题解析一样，应选D.

17、She is too young to go to school, ______ she? 
 A. didn’t B. does C. wasn’t D. is

分析：句中的too--to 为太－－以致于不，把它视为否定，所以后面用肯定形式，故选D.

18、John had to join a long queue to get a ticket, ______? 
 A. did he B. didn’t he C. had he D. hadn’t he

分析：句中用的是have to 不得不这一短语，所以have不能用来疑问，要用did,前面肯定，后面用否定，所以此题应选B.

20、You have met before, ______?
 A. haven’t you B. have you C. do you D. don’t you

分析：句中时态为现在完成时，所以have可以用来疑问，所以此题应选A.

21、Allen has never been to Beijing, ______?  
 A. has she B. hasn’t she C. has Allen D. hasn’t he

分析：此题的时态为现在完成时，所以可以用has来疑问，但是句中有never,所以反义疑问句应为肯定形式，所以此题应选A.

二、完成下列反意疑问句
1、He has a lot of work to do, ______ ______?  

2、Uncle Wang forgot to bring your bag, ______ ______?   

3、There’re more than ten pandas on the hill, ______ ______?  
4、Tom wants to get his TV set back, ______ ______?  
5、It’s fine today, ______ ______?  
6、Lima’s just come back from America, ______ ______?
7、Mary bought some shampoo in the supermarket,______ ______?
8、Nobody was looking for me, ______ ______?  
9、He needs our help, ______ ______?  
10、We must study English hard or we can't be good at it, ______ ______?  
11、You may use his eraser, ______ ______?  
12、He didn’t say you were foolish, ______ ______?  
13、They’ll be on duty next Monday,______ ______?  
14、Tom didn’t watch TV last night, ______ ______?  
15、She’s been to Shanghai, ______ ______?  
16、Open the windows, ______ ______?
17、That’s a model plant,______ ______?  
18、Robert knows little Chinese, ______ ______?  

19、What an interesting story, ______ ______?  
20、Your parents must be in the library, ______ ______?  
21、You don’t think he will come back before school, ______ ______?  
22、You’d better do it now, ______ ______?  
23、Everything is ready for the party,______ ______?  
24、They usually play football after school, ______ ______?  
25、Mary made few mistakes in the exam, ______ ______?  
26、He has never seen her before, ______ ______?  
27、Jack hardly goes to the cinema, ______ ______?  
28、There’re twenty-one girl students in your class, ______ ______?  
29、Miss Green is going to work in London, ______ ______?  
30、There’s going to be a meeting this afternoon,______ ______?  
31、You had a talk with John just now, ______ ______?  

32、Lucy had a party last Sunday, ______ ______?  
33、It’s going to rain this afternoon, ______ ______?  
34、Mr. Green bought nothing yesterday, ______ ______?  
35、Let’s sing an English song together, ______ ______?  
36、Let me try it a second time, ______ ______?  

反意疑问句考点

反意疑问句是高考重要考点,其构成形式是"肯定 + 否定"和"否定 + 肯定",但也有一些特例。本文结合高考试题,对反意疑问句的易考点进行归纳。
1. 陈述句部分的谓语是be, had better或情态动词等时,反意疑问句仍用这些动词。
[原题再现]
Bill's aim is to inform the viewers that cigarette advertising on TV is illegal, ________?

A.      isn't it B. is it C. isn't he D. is he
答案: A
2. 陈述部分的谓语是have时,若have作"有"解,反意疑问部分用have (has) 或do (does)的肯定或否定式; 若have作使役动词,则只能用do (does, did)的适当形式进行反问。
[原题再现]
His wife had the front door painted green yesterday, ________she?
A. did B. had C. didn't D. hadn't
答案: C
3. 陈述部分含有no, never, seldom, hardly, few, little, nowhere, nothing等否定意义的词时,反意疑问部分用肯定形式;但陈述部分若使用含有否定意义的前缀或后缀的词时,反意疑问部分仍然使用否定形式。
[原题再现]
He seldom has lunch at school, ________?

B.      A. hasn't he B. has he C. doesn't he D. does he
答案: D
4. 陈述部分的谓语动词是"must + have + 过去分词"表推测时,若强调对过去情况的推测(一般有过去时间状语),反意疑问部分用"didn't + 主语";若强调动作的完成(一般没有过去时间状语),则反意疑问部分的谓语动词用"haven't / hasn't + 主语"。
[原题再现]
There is no light in the dormitory. They must have gone to the lecture, ________?
A. didn't they B. don't they C. mustn't they D. haven't they
答案: D
5. 陈述部分的主语是everyone, everybody, anyone, anybody, someone, no one等不定代词时,其疑问部分的主语可根据句子的内涵选用he或they。例如:
Everyone knows his job, doesn't he?
Everyone had lent you a hand when you were in trouble, hadn't they?
6. 陈述部分的主语是something, anything, everything, nothing等不定代词,其疑问部分的主语一般用it。例如:
Everything is ready, isn't it?
Nothing goes well, does it?
7. 陈述部分是there be句型时,反意疑问部分用"...there?"。
[原题再现]
There's not much news in today's paper, ________?
A. isn't it B. are there
C. is there D. aren't there

答案: C
8. 陈述部分谓语含有used to时,反意疑问部分可用usedn't,也可用didn't;陈述部分含有ought to时,反意疑问部分可用oughtn't或shouldn't两种形式。例如:
Tom used to make fun of Peter, usedn't / didn't he?
We ought to learn the law knowledge by heart, oughtn't / shouldn't we?
9. 陈述部分的主语是this, that,不定式短语、动名词短语或从句时,反意疑问部分的主语用it;陈述部分的主语是these, those时,反意疑问部分的主语用they。例如:
This is a most wonderful place, isn't it?
Learning a foreign language well takes a long time, doesn't it?

That they are close friends doesn't seem true, does it?
10. 陈述部分的主语后有同位语从句或定语从句修饰时,反意疑问部分仍应对主句主语进行反问。
[原题再现]
The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, ________?
A. did they B. di dn't they C. did it D. didn't it
答案: D
11. 陈述部分为含有宾语从句的主从复合句时,通常要对主句主语进行反问;但若陈述部分是"I (don't) think / suppose / believe / imagine / expect等 + 宾语从句"时,要对宾语从句的主语进行反问,同时要注意否定转移现象。
[原题再现]
I don't suppose anyone will volunteer, ________?
A. do I B. don't I C. will they D. won't they
答案: C

C.      12. 陈述部分为祈使句时,不论祈使句是肯定形式还是否定形式,反意疑问部分通常用will you;但Let's引起的祈使句的反意疑问句部分通常用shall we。
[原题再现]
If you want help-money or anything, let me know, ________ you?
A. don't B. will C. shall D. do
答案: B