加载中…及物动词的主动语态和被动语态用法
(2021-06-11 14:57:19)及物动词的主动语态和被动语态用法
及物动词的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。
1.定义：主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；
主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。
2.被动语态的构成
被动语态最基本的句型结构是： be +及物动词过去分词.即be done
一般现在时：is/am/are+done
一般过去时:was/were+done
现在进行时:is/am/are+being+done
过去进行时:was/were+being+done
一般将来时:will+be+done
过去将来时:would+be+done
现在完成时:have/has+been+done
过去完成时:had+been +done
情态动词can/may/must/need/could/would/should+be+done
注意
1) 主动语态变为被动语态要加“to”的情况
以下动词变为被动语态时，要在其后加“to”。
此类动词为感官动词，如：feel, hear, help, listen to, look at, make,
observe, see, notice, watch等。
例如：
The teacher made me go out of the classroom.
I was made to go out of the classroom (by the teacher).
They made him cry. (主动语态)
He was made to cry by them. (被动语态)
2) 主动形式表示被动意义
如wash, clean, cut, read,
wear, draw, write,
sell等动词虽然用做主动形式却表示被动的意义。例如：
The pen writes smoothly.
This kind of cloth washes easily.
感官动词如feel，look，smell，taste，sound等直接跟形容词作表语。
The food tastes good.
3)want, need, require表示“需要”时，后接-ing表被动；
Sth. want/need/require to be done=sth. want/need/require
doing
Your hair needs cutting= Your hair need to be
cut.你的头发需要被剪
be worth+doing sth.值得被做...。The book is worth reading.
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