文章来源：卫报

段落：八段

字数：451

内容：社会

要求：A. 做题 B. 找到出题处 C. 挑五个句子翻译 D. 将文中单词认真背完

 

The internet has turned into a massive surveillance tool. We're constantly monitored on the internet by hundreds of companies -- both familiar and unfamiliar. Everything we do there is recorded, collected, and collated – sometimes by corporations wanting to sell us stuff and sometimes by governments wanting to keep an eye on us.

 

 

 

Ephemeral conversation is over. Wholesale surveillance is the norm. Maintaining privacy from these powerful entities is basically impossible, and any illusion of privacy we maintain is based either on ignorance or on our unwillingness to accept what's really going on.

 

 

 

It's about to get worse, though. Companies such as Google may know more about your personal interests than your spouse, but so far it's been limited by the fact that these companies only see computer data. And even though your computer habits are increasingly being linked to your offline behavior, it's still only behavior that involves computers.

 

 

 

The Internet of Things refers to a world where much more than our computers and cell phones is internet-enabled. Soon there will be internet-connected modules on our cars and home appliances. Internet-enabled medical devices will collect real-time health data about us. There'll be internet-connected tags on our clothing. In its extreme, everything can be connected to the internet. It's really just a matter of time, as these self-powered wireless-enabled computers become smaller and cheaper.

 

 

 

Lots has been written about the "Internet of Things" and how it will change society for the better. It's true that it will make a lot of wonderful things possible, but the "Internet of Things" will also allow for an even greater amount of surveillance than there is today. The Internet of Things gives the governments and corporations that follow our every move something they don't yet have: eyes and ears.

 

 

 

Soon everything we do, both online and offline, will be recorded and stored forever. The only question remaining is who will have access to all of this information, and under what rules.

 

We're seeing an initial glimmer of this from how location sensors on your mobile phone are being used to track you. Of course your cell provider needs to know where you are; it can't route your phone calls to your phone otherwise. But most of us broadcast our location information to many other companies whose apps we've installed on our phone. Google Maps certainly, but also a surprising number of app vendors who collect that information. It can be used to determine where you live, where you work, and who you spend time with.

 

 

 

 Power is what matters here: you'll be able to keep the powerless from invading your privacy, but you'll have no ability to prevent the powerful from doing it again and again.

1.    we can learn from the paragraph 2 that

A.   it is unlikely for people to preserve privacy in the present-day society

B.   the time we spend on communication is longer and longer

C.   the power of big institutions is too strong to be avoided

D.   people are often unwilling to admit that they are ignorant

 

2.    "Internet of Things" may

A.   aggravate monitoring on people

B.   make the world more colorful

C.   promote technical development

D.   help authorities and companies

3.    the word ‘glimmer’ in the paragraph 7 may mean

A. confidence B. action C. measure D. hope

 

4.    it is implied in the last paragraph that

A.   power is no longer highly concentrated

B.   Some invasion seems to be unavoidable

C. people with power tend to intrude privacy

D. power is now a very significant concept

5. the best title of this passage may be

A. privacy: gone with the wind

B. a farewell to privacy

C. technology ends privacy

D. technology strengthens power

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

答案：AADBC

The internet has turned into a massive surveillance tool. We're constantly monitored on the internet by hundreds of companies -- both familiar and unfamiliar. Everything we do there is recorded, collected, and collated – sometimes by corporations wanting to sell us stuff and sometimes by governments wanting to keep an eye on us.

 

Ephemeral conversation is over. Wholesale surveillance is the norm. Maintaining privacy from these powerful entities is basically impossible, and any illusion of privacy we maintain is based either on ignorance or on our unwillingness to accept what's really going on.第一题答案出处

 

It's about to get worse, though. Companies such as Google may know more about your personal interests than your spouse, but so far it's been limited by the fact that these companies only see computer data. And even though your computer habits are increasingly being linked to your offline behavior, it's still only behavior that involves computers.

 

The Internet of Things refers to a world where much more than our computers and cell phones is internet-enabled. Soon there will be internet-connected modules on our cars and home appliances. Internet-enabled medical devices will collect real-time health data about us. There'll be internet-connected tags on our clothing. In its extreme, everything can be connected to the internet. It's really just a matter of time, as these self-powered wireless-enabled computers become smaller and cheaper.

 

Lots has been written about the "Internet of Things" and how it will change society for the better. It's true that it will make a lot of wonderful things possible, but the "Internet of Things" will also allow for an even greater amount of surveillance than there is today. 第二题答案出处

The Internet of Things gives the governments and corporations that follow our every move something they don't yet have: eyes and ears.

 

Soon everything we do, both online and offline, will be recorded and stored forever. The only question remaining is who will have access to all of this information, and under what rules.

We're seeing an initial glimmer of this from how location sensors on your mobile phone are being used to track you. 第三题答案出处Of course your cell provider needs to know where you are; it can't route your phone calls to your phone otherwise. But most of us broadcast our location information to many other companies whose apps we've installed on our phone. Google Maps certainly, but also a surprising number of app vendors who collect that information. It can be used to determine where you live, where you work, and who you spend time with.

 

Power is what matters here: you'll be able to keep the powerless from invading your privacy, but you'll have no ability to prevent the powerful from doing it again and again. 第四题答案出处

 

 

 

 

全文翻译：

因特网已经成为了一个巨大的监控工具。数百家公司，无论我们对之熟悉与否，都在网上无时无刻的监控着我们。想给我们推销商品的企业以及严密注视我们的政府记录、收集并核对我们在互联网上所做的每一件事以达到各自的目的。

 

通信过程不被记录的现象已不复存在，取而代之的是大规模的监控。在大企业与政府这些强大的机构面前维护隐私是基本不可能的，我们拥有的任何隐私得以保护的假象来源于我们对于事实的漠视或我们对于真相的抵触情绪。

 

对于个人隐私的侵犯还会愈演愈烈。之前，像谷歌这样的公司可能会比你的未婚妻对于你的个人喜好更加了解，但是就目前而言这种了解因为这些公司仅仅能掌握来自于电脑的数据而受到一定程度的限制。尽管随着社会的发展，个人使用电脑时的行为习惯与日常生活行为的关联日益紧密，各公司所了解的也不过是其中与电脑相关的部分。

 

在“物联网”世界里，不仅仅只有我们的电脑与手机是联网的：很快在我们的汽车与家具里都会有与于网络相连的组件。联网的医疗器材会即时收集我们个人身体健康状况的信息。在我们的衣物上会有与网络连接的标签。在这个极端的世界里，随着自我供电且可无线联网的电脑变得越来越迷你和廉价，所有东西都可以与互联网连接。

 

关于“物联网"及可能会给社会带来便利的文章数不胜数。毋庸置疑，”物联网“可以让许多美妙的事情成为现实，但随之而来的将面临比当今社会的更为全面的监控。”物联网“将会成为政府、企业的”千里眼“和”顺风耳“，无时无刻监控着我们的一举一动。

 

很快，无论是网上抑或在日常生活中，我们的所作所为都会被记录并永久保存。唯一的问题是这些信息将归谁所有，并将受到怎样的限制。

 

我们从个人手机上的定位器被用于跟踪人们的日常行程的这一现象中看到了“物联网”的曙光。的确，电讯公司需要得知人们的位置来进行通话服务，但是大多数公司都利用他们的手机应用软件来获取用户的位置信息。谷歌地图自然在这些软件之列，但是还有诸多经营者的应用软件也在收集同样的信息。这些数据可以用来确定一个人的居住地点、工作单位和他的社交圈。

 

一切都取决于权力：人们有能力抵抗无权的人侵害个人隐私，但是无法阻止有权人的持续侵犯。