Out of the darkness 

    Nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what had happened to her. One afternoon she set out from the coast in a small boat and was caught in a storm. Towards evening, the boat struck a rock and the girl jumped into the sea. Then she swam to the shore after spending the whole night in the water. During that time she covered a distance of eight miles. Early next morning, she saw a light ahead. She knew she was near the shore because the light was high up on the cliffs. On arriving at the shore, the girl struggled up the cliff towards the light she had seen. That was all she remembered. When she woke up a day later, she found herself in hospital.

重点用法：

1  One afternoon she set out from the coast in a small boat and was caught in a storm.一天下午，她乘小船从海岸出发，遇上了风暴。

（1）    set out to sp.出发，动身(去某地)；

 set ou to do 开始，着手（做某事）。

相关短语: set about doing 开始, 着手 

set in 嵌入, 开始 set to 动手干, 认真开始干  set back  推迟, 延缓, 使花费

set up 建立, 树立  set forth 陈述, 阐明  set off 引爆，引发

Having enough data in hand, we can set to work.
手头有足够的资料我们可以开始工作了。

He set about learning Chinese at the age of ten.
他在十岁时开始学中文。

Do be careful with those fireworks; the slightest spark could set them off.
这些烟火要格外小心，稍有火星就能引起爆炸。

（2）was caught in a storm, 遇上了暴风雨。catch此处作“突然遇上”的意思讲，经常指遇到不好的事情。

I was caught in a rain.
我遇到了大雨。

2  During that time she covered a distance of eight miles.
在那段时间里，她游了8英里。

cover （a distance of） 意思是“行过”、“走过” 、“游过”多远距离。

By sunset we had covered thirty miles.
到日落的时候，我们已走了三十英里。

此外，cover作名词时有“封面, 盖子, 套子, 表面”的意思。动词是有“覆盖”、“涉及”，“包含”等意。

The front cover of the novel has been torn off.这本小说的封面已被撕掉。

Snow covered the ground.积雪覆盖了大地。

The talks are expected to cover other topics too.会谈估计还会涉及别的问题。

The dictionary's articles cover a wide range of topics.这本字典的文章包含各种各样的话题。

3  On arriving at the shore, the girl struggled up the cliff towards the light she had seen.
到达岸边后，姑娘朝着她看到的灯光方向挣扎着往峭壁上爬去。

on+动名词/doing 相当于一个由as soon as引导的状语从句。表示“一……就”

On hearing of this matter, I'm so happy.
一听到这件事，我非常高兴。

课后习题答案

关键句型P156

A  1 The girl set out from the coast.

   2 She jumped into the sea.

   3 Shenswam to the shore.

B  1 to  2  from/out of   3  (up) to  4  for/from   

5.  from…to/to…from   6 at   7 to   8  from

C  1 A bird flew into the room.

   2 The parachutist jumped from the plane.

   3 The child pointed at the fat lady.

   4 Put the milk into the refrigerator.

选择正确的表达方式P156

   1 the other day   2  passed   3 next   4 past

多项选择答案：

1. (d)  2. (b)  3. (d)  4. (a)  5. (c)  6. (b)  

7. (b)  8. (c)  9. (c)  10. (c)  11. (a) 12. (c)

详解

1. d    根据课文第2-4行One afternoon she set out from the coast in a small boat...

Towards evening, the boat struck a rock and the girl jumped into the sea. 可以推测出只有 d. for about four hours(大约四小时)最接近女孩在船上所呆的时间.因为她下午起航,将近傍晚时船遇难,所以她不可能在船上停留a. all day(一整天),b. all night (一夜), c. for about 10 hours(大约10小时),所以d.是正确答案.

2. b    根据课文第一句Nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what had happened 可以看出，只有b. but some time passed before she could explain

what had happened to her 与课文的实际情况相符合，其他3个选择都不符合文章事实。

3. d    只有d. what happened to her? 最符合语法； 而a. happen 不合乎语法，如果是一般现在时，what后面应跟单数形式的动词； b. was happened 语态不对，应为主动语态； c. happening 是现在分词，不能做谓语。

4. a    只有a. having spent 最符合语法和题目意思。这是现在分词的完成式，在句子中作时间状语，表示已经完成的动作。b. having spending有语法错误，having 后面应跟过去分词；c. when spending(当……逗留时)不符合题目意思，d. had spent 是过去完成时，不能做表示时间的短语。

5. c    这个疑问句是对距离提问的，回答是Eight miles.  a. away far 和 b. far from 都不符合语法； d. long(长)是对长度或时间提问的，不太合乎题目意思。 只有c. far away 最符合语法和题目意思。

6. b    只有b. any more 才能同前一句 That was all she remembered(她所记得的就是这些)的含义相同。 a. some more 不能用于否定句中； c. no more 不符合题目意思，在否定句中不应该再用no more 而形成双重否定； d. none more 不是正确的表达方式。

7. b    只有b. to 最正确。 介词to表示方向，有“向”，“去”“到”的含义，它可以同take 连用表示“把……带到”。其他3个选择a. at the,  c. in,  d. in the 虽然都表示地点，但没有“到”的含义，他们一般不和take连用。

8. c    根据前一句She was caught in a storm(她遇上了暴风雨)的含义,本句需要选出描绘天气的词. a. fine(晴的),不合乎题目意思. b. warm and sunny(暖和而有阳光的)也不符合题目意思. d. wet(潮湿的)不够确切只有c. very rough(有暴风雨的,狂暴的)正确.

9. c    只有c. in front of (在……前面)同前一句中的ahead的意思相符；a. behind (在……后面)， b. beside(在……旁边)， d. above(在……上方) 词意思都不对。

10. c    本句的主语cliffs(悬崖峭壁)需要选出一个能描述它特征的形容词. a. narrow(窄的), b. wide(宽的)  d. sharp(尖锐的)3个词都不能描述cliffs只有c. steep(陡峭的)最合适.

11. a    前一句She struggled up the cliff (她挣扎着往峭壁上爬去)说明这是很不容易做的事情，所以只能选a. easy.其他3个选择b. hard(艰苦的)，c. difficult(困难的)，d. long(长的)词意思都不合乎题目意思。

12. c   本句需要选出一个与前一句的remembered(想起)意思相同的词. a. remind (提醒,使想起),与remember 意思不太一样. b. memorise (记住,熟记)强调用心去记或者背下来. d. mind(介意,留意)与remember 意思不太一样.只有c. recollect (想起,记起)与remember 意思相同.