success story

Yesterday afternoon Frank Hawkins was telling me about his experiences as a young man. Before he retired, Frank was the head of a very large business company, but as a boy he used to work in a small shop. It was his job to repair bicycles and at that time he used to work fourteen hours a day. He saved money for years and in 1958 he bought a small workshop of his own. In his twenties Frank used to make spare parts for aeroplanes. At that time he had two helpers. In a few years the small workshop had become a large factory which employed seven hundred and twenty-eight people. Frank smiled when he remembered his hard early years and the long road to success. He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in. She wanted him to repair their grandson's bicycle!

重点用法：

1．Before he retired, Frank was the head of a very large business company, but as a boy he used to work in a small shop. 在退休前，弗兰克是一家非常大的商业公司的经理，但他小时侯却在一家小铺里做工。
　　（1）head在此处的意思不是人或动物的“头部”，而是“首领”、“头目”，一般出现在“the head of +名词”结构中：
　　John is the head of the family.　　约翰是一家之主。
　　Frank is the head of that firm.　　弗兰克是那家公司的总裁。
　　（2） as在这里为介词，表不“当……时”，as a boy相当于 as he was a boy。
　　　2．He saved money for years and in 1958 he bought a small workshop of his own. 他靠多年积蓄，于1958年买下了自己的一个小铺子。
　　of one's own为固定短语，表示“自己的”、“属于自己的”，own为代词：

Sth of one's own = one's own sth 表示“某人的……东西”
　　 He wanted a room of his own.( he wanted his own room.)

　　他想要一个自己的房间。
　　Do you have a house of your own?( Do you have your own house?)

　　你有自己的房子吗？
　　3．in one's twenties，（在某人）二十多岁的时候。
　　one's twenties/thirties/forties…，二十多岁／三十多岁／四十多岁……10的倍数的复数形式可用于表达近似的、非确定的数量，与所有格形容词（my等）连用时表示大约的年龄：
　　My aunt Jennifer is in her late thirties/early forties, but she often appears on the stage as a young girl.
　　我的姑妈詹妮弗已接近四十岁／四十出头，但她却常在舞台上扮演小姑娘。
　4．experience
　　（1）n．经历（可数）：
　　I had an amusing experience last year.
　　去年我有过一次有趣的经历。
　　He told me about his experiences as a young man.
　　他向我讲述了他年轻时的经历。
　　（2）n．经验，体验（不可数）：
　　They want someone with a lot of experience for this job.
　　他们想要一位有丰富经验的人来承担这项工作。
　　Does she have any experience in teaching?
　　她有教学经验吗？
　　（3）vt．经验，体验：
　　Have you ever experienced anything like this?
　　你经历过像这样的事情吗？
　　The village has experienced great changes since 1980.
　　自1980年以来这个村子经历了极大的变化。
　　experience的过去分词常作形容词用，表示“有经验的”、“经验丰富的”：
　　John is an experienced driver.
　　约翰是个经验丰富的司机。
　　5．save vt．，vi．
　　（1）救助，搭救，拯救：
　　The doctor saved the child's life.
　　那位医生救了这孩子一命。
　　They saved the child from the fire.
　　他们从大火中救出了这孩子。
　　（2）储蓄，积攒：
　　He saved (money) for years to buy a car.
　　为了买一辆车，他积攒了多年。
　　He used to save letters.
　　他过去常积攒信件。
　

　　 Grammar in use
　　1．过去进行时与一般过去时
　　在第7课的语法中我们学习了过去进行时。它主要表示过去某个时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作，和一般过去时经常在一个句子里使用。与一般过去时相比，它更强调动作的持续性，一般过去时则表示比较短暂的动作或事件。在叙述故事时，过去进行时往往用来表示背景：
　　Yesterday afternoon Frank Hawkins was telling me about his experiences as a young man.
　　昨天下午弗兰克·霍金斯向我讲述了他年轻时的经历。
　　He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in.
　　他正笑着的时候门开了，他的妻子走了进来。
　　Last Sunday, I went and sat on the river bank as usual.
　　Some children were playing games on the bank and there were some people rowing on the river.
　　上星期天，我和往常一样，又去河边坐着。河岸上有些孩子正在玩耍，河面上有些人正在划船。（过去进行时描述背景）
　　比较典型的表示过去正在进行的动作的表达方式如：
　　2．used to do
　　我们用used to do表示过去有过但现在已不存在的习惯，以便将过去与现在形成对照。它后面经常用由but now…，but
　　not…any more/any longer等构成的、用了一般现在时的句子以强调过去和现在的不同之处。
　　I used to smoke, but I don't any more/any longer.我过去常吸烟，但现在已不吸了。
　　He used to be a lazy boy, but now he is very hard-working.他过去是个懒孩子，但现在他很勤奋。
　　used to仅用于一般过去时。它的疑问句和否定句形式可以不用助动词do而用used本身：

　　　　
　课后练习答案

　　1．关键句型练习答案
　　A What was happening： was telling (1.1)；was still smiling (1.10)
　　What happened： retired(1.2)；saved(1.5)；bought(1.6)；had(1.7)；employed(1.9)；smiled when he remembered (1.9)；opened…came in…wanted(11.10-11)
　　What used to happen： used to work(1.3)；used to work(11.4-5)；used to make(1.7)
　　C …worked/was working…sat/was sitting…was looking…were passing…stopped…got…were/had been…used to come/came…used to go/went…were…quarrelled…had never seen/saw…got/was getting…called…hurried
　　2．难点练习答案
　　1 experienced  2jobs  3job  4save
　　3．多项选择题答案
　　1d  2b  3a  4c  5a  6a　　7d  8a  9b  10c  11a  12c