地理上，念青唐古拉山之北是藏北高原，纳木错正位于山之北，海拔4718米，是西藏三大圣湖（玛旁雍错、羊卓雍错、纳木错）中海拔最高的湖。青藏铁路则从念青唐古拉山的南麓通过。藏族神话传说中，念青唐古拉与纳木错是一对神界夫妻，享有神山圣湖的至尊地位。逢羊年，人们转湖纳木错并朝拜山神念青唐古拉是藏区最隆重的节日盛事。佛教传入西藏之前，神山圣湖是西藏的土著神灵；佛教传入后，念青唐古拉山是护法大神，纳木错湖则是密宗本尊胜乐金刚的道场。

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