图表作文

目录：

1）2002年 CET-4 对照例文

2）图表作文常用句式、句群

3）典型句子结构50句。

4）2010年 研究生入学考试作文、范文及解析。

 

 

1）2002年 CET-4 对照例文

 

Student Use of Computers (CET-4,2002.06)

http://s6/mw690/ae101fabxd006b1ed9445&690

  1. 上图为1990年，1995年，2000年某校大学生使用计算机的情况，请描述其变化。

  2. 说明发生这些变化的原因（可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明）

  3. 你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难和问题.

 

例1：冗长不详，反面参考

From the chart, we clearly learn that in recent ten years the time the students spend on computers has increased rapidly. In 1990, a student only spent 1 hour on average on the computer per week. However, 5 years later, the number increased almost four times, almost to 4 hours. And what impresses us most is by 2000, the average number of hours a student spends on computers per week had reached as many as 20 hours. (77 words)

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例2：趋势总结平淡，数据描述尚可

The chart shows the average number of hours a student spends on the computer per week. It can be seen from the chart that in 1990 the average number of hours a student spent on computers was around 2 hours per week. Five years later in 1995, the number was almost 4 hours a week. By the year 2000 as many as 18 hours were used every week. (68 words)

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例3：趋势总结精彩，数据描述漂亮

As is shown by the bar graph, the average number of hours a student in a certain university spends on the computer per week increased dramatically over the period from 1990 to 2000. In 1990, it was less than two hours. And in 1995, it hit/ reached four hours. And in 2000, the number soared to nearly twenty hours, which is over ten times than that of 1990. (68 words )

其数据部分也可作如下改动，描述更加简洁

 

例4：描述准确、简洁，但数据描述部分对最后一组数字的总结略显不足。

Students tend to use computers more and more nowadays. This chart shows/ suggests that the average number of hours a student spends on the computer per week has increased sharply. In 1990, the number/ figure was less than 2 hours; and in 1995, it increased to almost 4 hours; while in 2000, the number soared to 20 hours.

(56 words)

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2） 图表作文常用句式、句群：

 

(1) We have shown from the table that

   We can see from the chart that

   It can be seen…… from the graph that

 

(2) As can be seen in the chart released

   As is shown in the diagram provided

                   

(3) The chart shows/ indicates/ represents…that

 

(4) There was a(n) slight increase in 1995 …

               gradual rise

               steady decline

               dramatic reduction

 

(5) According to/ From the table by experts, it can be learned

                      ……    ……       estimated

                                         predicted

                                          ……

例：

(1) It is obvious in the table that the amount of time spent on the computer has undergone dramatic changes. It has gone up considerably in recent years. In the year of 2000, the time spent on computer per week reaches its peak of 20 hours.

 

(2) In the graph, the statistics are quite clear: these years witness a drastic increase of time spent on tourism. And according to the figures, we could know tourism has become a favorite pastime for most people. It can also be easily seen that tourism has enjoyed increasing popularity.

 

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3) 图表作文常用句型

1.the table shows the changes in the number of...over the period from...to...

   该表格描述了在...年之...年间...数量的变化。

2.the bar chart illustrates that...该柱状图展示了...

3.the graph provides some interesting data regarding...该图为我们提供了有关...有趣数据。

4.the diagram shows (that)...该图向我们展示了...

5.the pie graph depicts (that)....该圆形图揭示了...

6.this is a cure graph which describes the trend of...这个曲线图描述了...的趋势。

7.the figures/statistics show (that)...数据（字）表明...

8.the tree diagram reveals how...该树型图向我们揭示了如何...

9.the data/statistics show (that)...该数据（字）可以这样理解...

10.the data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that...这些数据资料令我们得出结论...

11.as is shown/demonstrated/exhibited in the diagram/graph/chart/table...如图所示...

12.according to the chart/figures...根据这些表（数字）...

13.as is shown in the table...如表格所示...

14.as can be seen from the diagram, great changes have taken place in...

从图中可以看出，...发生了巨大变化。

15.from the table/chart/diagram/figure, we can see clearly that...

it is clear/apparent from the chart that...             从图表我们可以很清楚（明显）看到...

16.this is a graph which illustrates...这个图表向我们展示了...

17.this table shows the changing proportion of a & b from...to...

该表格描述了...年到...年间a与b的比例关系。

18.the graph, presented in a pie chart, shows the general trend in...该图以圆形图形式描述了...总的趋势。

19.this is a column chart showing...   此柱型图描述了...

20.as can be seen from the graph, the two curves show...如图所示，两条曲线描述了...

21.over the period from...to...the...remained level.在...至...期间，...基本不变。

22.in the year between...and...在...年到...期间...

23.in the 3 years spanning from 1995 through 1998...1995年至1998三年里...

24.from then on/from this time onwards...从那时起...

25.the number of...remained steady/stable from (month/year) to (month/year)....月(年)至...月（年)...的数量基本不变。

26.the number sharply went up to...数字急剧上升至...

27.the percentage of...stayed the same between...and......至...期间...的比率维持不变。

28.the figures peaked at...in(month/year)...的数目在...月（年）达到顶点，为...

29.the percentage remained steady at...比率维持在...

30.the percentage of...is slightly larger/smaller than that of......的比例比...的比例略高（低）。

31.there is not a great deal of difference between...and......与...的区别不大。

32.the graphs show a threefold increase in the number of...该图表表明...的数目增长了三倍。

33....decreased year by year while...increased steadily....逐年减少，而...逐步上升。

34.the situation reached a peak(a high point at) of[%]....的情况（局势）到达顶（高）点，为...百分点。

35.the figures/situation bottomed out in...数字（情况）在...达到底部。

36.the figures reached the bottom/a low point/hit a trough.数字（情况）达到底部（低谷）。

37.A is ...times as much/many as B.    A是B的...倍。

38.a increased by...a增长了...

39.a increased to...a增长到...

40.high/low/great/small/ percentage.比低高（低）

41.there is an upward trend in the number of......数字呈上升趋势。

42.a considerable increase/decrease occurred from...to......到...发生急剧上升。

43.from...to...the rate of decrease slow down.从...到...，下降速率减慢。

44.from this year on，there was a gradual decline in the...,reaching a figure of

...从这年起，...逐渐下降至...

45.be similar to...与...相似

46.be the same as...与...相同

47.there are a lot similarities/differences between...and......与...之间有许多相似（不同）之处

48.A has something in common with B   A于B有共同之处。

49.the difference between a and b lies in...a与b之间的差别在于...

50...(year)witnessed/saw a sharp rise in......年历经了/见证了...急剧上升。

 

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4）2010年研究生入学考试外语作文，范文及解析

 

文化“火锅”， 既美味又营养（研究生考试：2010）

 

http://s6/mw690/ae101fabxd006a973e9a5&690

 

 

Directions:

　　Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should

　　1) describe the drawing briefly,

　　2) explain its intended meaning, and，

　　3) give your comments。

 

（一）　启航英语：黄涛 版

考研历史上第11次考图画作文。字数要求在160--200词。主题明显直接。图画中间是一个火锅，火锅里面写满了很多汉字，比如佛，功夫，解构，礼，后现代，老舍，莎士比亚，爱因斯坦，道，仁，京剧等许多代表中国和外国文化的东西。把这些东西放在一起，就意味着中西文化融合在一起，特别是下面的文字提示：文化“火锅”，既美味又营养。能更好地帮助我们理解图画的主题：即文化融合Cultural integration的问题。这个话题在2002考研作文里面出现过。

　　考研大作文多年来关注的是对青少年思想品德方面的教育，比如：01年要培养爱心；02年要把民族文化发扬光大；03年要学会自立自强；04年要与时俱进；05年要孝敬父母；06年关于偶像崇拜；07年的自信；08的合作与团结，09年人们普遍关心的网络问题。从中我们可以看得出命题专家们对教育年轻一代的良苦用心。所以我们可以概括出大作文的命题规律是有关青年人成长的问题居多，另外就是社会上的一些热点或人们普遍关心的话题。这一点对2011年考生的作文备考有很大帮助。

 

　　在写大作文时，第一段需要简短描述图画的内容。今年的图画中的火锅hot pot，以及代表中国文化的许多东西，考生没必要一一翻译出来，自己量力而行，选择几个有代表性的东西翻译出来就行。第二段需要阐释图画寓意，其实就是让我们分析文化的融合和交流问题这一现象。最后一段应该表明作者本人对文化融合和交流这种现象的态度或看法。

 

　　【作文思路】

 

　　按照我们课堂上的写作方法，可以这样来展开描述和议论。第一段为传统的图画描述段，根据图画中的具体信息，尤其是下面的文字说明，进行直接描述。比如可以运用我们冲刺课堂上传授的精彩句型 " Whoever in front of this cartoon/drawing/picture will be greatly impressed. How amusing and interesting it is! What is vividly illustrated in the painting above is that currently cultural integration is highly pervasive in China. (对漫画笼统地描述)。然后再补上后面的文字解释说明：The caption(图画中的文字)indicates that Chinese culture is like a hot pot, which is both tasty and nutritious.  "属经典的开头套话。在描述中，不可缺少的主题相关词包括" cultural integration (文化融合)", 及许多代表中国文化特色的东西，" Beijing opera, Daoism, Gongfu, Shakespeare, Einstain, 等与“文化”有关的词汇。

 

　　第二段要求阐释漫画背后所隐藏的深刻社会意义。在这一段首句可以直接采用" Simply designed as the picture is, the symbolic meaning it conveys is deep and profound. It is, most likely, that the drawer intends not only to present the fact to us but also to set us thinking about its social significance。在句型运用方面，可以考虑使用启航课堂上反复提到的必杀词组“The foremost and the most striking influence of it，As is universally acknowledged，和What makes things even better等。第三段阐述自己的一些看法或想法，发挥它的长处，来使我们的生活更快乐和有意义。

 

　　As is vividly depicted in the drawing, in the middle of the cartoon stands a hot pot, containing many Chinese cultural symbols, such as Beijing operas, Daoism, and some foreigh cultural symbols, etc. How impressive the drawing is in describing the common phenomenon that Chinese culture is becoming increasingly integrated into the world. The drawer’s intention seems to be highly self-evident and the meaning causes us to be thought-provoking。

 

　　It holds to be apparent that the cartoon is indicative of a pervasive phenomenon with regard to culture. When it comes to(一谈到) culture，its great impacts and benefits can’t be too estimated. As China opens to the outside world, our traditional culture is embracing the foreign culture, thus making our Chinese culture more diversified, colorful and internationalized just like a melting pot. What the picture conveys goes far beyond this. The fact that people from different countries are attracted to each other, indicating that to some extent different cultures can be accepted，respected，appreciated and shared internationally. In other words，Chinese unique culture can become international through worldwide economic and cultural exchanges. Since the trend of globalization become irresistible, cultural integration can effectively improve mutual understanding and friendship among different countries.  In my personal sense, Chinese national culture as priceless spiritual treasure should be preserved and cherished. Meanwhile，there are good reasons to embrace foreign cultures on the ground that those ideas from the other cultures can provide a different perspective for us to observe the world in the long run. However，confronted with a different culture，we should be sensible enough to absorb its essence and to resist its dark side. Only in this way can we promote cultural integration and development positively, thus making our motherland dimensional，colorful and vigorous. (303 words)

 

 

（二）王林 《考研真相》 版

 

As shown in the picture, many delicious ingredients are boiling in a hot pot. There are various kinds of the culture ingredients: modern and traditional, eastern and western, sociological and scientific, all wonderful stuff. The seeming contradictory things enrich our culture and thoughts.

People can not survive a society based on monolithic culture. Just as demonstrated in the picture, only by including sundry cultures, our spiritual world could keep developing. When we taking the essences of different cultures int0 consideration, these ideology will affect each other and help us create a better understanding of the world. The blending of different has become a necessary trend of times.

Personally, I agree with the connotation of the picture. Now we Chinese have opened the door to the whole world and the combination and exchange of ideas have a positive effect on out country. We should respect varieties of culture and absorb the main portion beneficial to us.

 

【范文点评】

①As shown in the picture, many delicious ingredients are boiling in a hot pot. ②There are various kinds of the culture ingredients: modern and traditional, eastern and western, sociological and scientific, all wonderful stuff. ③The seeming contradictory things enrich our culture and thoughts.

【第一段点评】

首段严格遵循考试要求的提纲第一点，描述图画的表面信息，各种文化共同在一个火锅里和谐的融合着。

①句as是作为关系代词，指代后面的整个句子的内容many delicious ingredients are boiling in a hot pot，所以as 后面的is不能省略，正确的形式应该是as is shown in the picture。

 ②句all可以改为and many other wonderful stuff，对于前面的内容是一个补充说明，单独用all表示全部的意思，包含了前面的内容，语义上不能作为并列成分放在句末。

③句seeming应该改为seemingly，副词修饰后面的形容词contradictory，在句末可以再添加一个方式状语in the pot，意义更完整些。谓语动词enrich使用现在进行时are enriching，则将火锅里的动态煮的状态表现出来，同时也说明了各国文化正在融合的一种动态的变化。

 

①People can not survive a society based on monolithic culture. ②Just as demonstrated in the picture, only by including sundry cultures, our spiritual world could keep developing. ③When we taking the essences of different cultures int0 consideration, these ideology will affect each other and help us create a better understanding of the world. ④The blending of different has become a necessary trend of times.

【第二段点评】

第二段按照第二点提纲要求，挖掘图画的深层含义，文化不能被国界隔绝，相互交融才能更有利文化的发展。

①句monolithic此处使用稍微有些不太恰当的，过于专业化了，该词汇主要是指一个整体的巨大的如磐石般的意思，而作者此时想表达的意思是人类不能在一个只有单一文化的社会里生存。建议将monolithic改为sole，表示孤立的意思更明确些。

注意survive的正确用法，survive表示继续生存或存在的意思时，需要介词搭配survive from a society，当survive表示经理某事物幸存的意思时，则不需要介词的搭配，如Few buildings survived the bombing raids intact.空袭过后幸存的建筑物绝无仅有。

综合以上，该句完整的表达即为People can not survive from a society based on sole culture.

②句including使用不当，可以改为表示接受、认可、学习之类的词语，比如accepting and learning，表示通过学习接纳认可其他不同的文化，我们的思想才能不断地进步。

③句when we taking这部分有两种改正的方法，一种是完整表达，即when we is taking；另外一种是省略表达，即when taking。

④句different之后缺少一个名词，应该是the blending of different cultures, 因为cultures是作为the blending的后置修饰语，不能随便省略cultures。

 

①Personally, I agree with the connotation of the picture. ②Now we Chinese have opened the door to the whole world and the combination and exchange of ideas have a positive effect on out country. ③We should respect varieties of culture and absorb the mainportion beneficial to us.

【第三段点评】

按照第三点提纲要求，给出作者自己的认识和评论，从国家发展需要的角度考虑，文化确实需要相互交流和融合，我们也应该学会尊重和吸收不同的文化。

   ①句表明作者的态度，赞同图画的含义。

   ②主语应该是China，表示国家对外开放，所以应该去掉前面的we；

该句由于两个并列的句子有递进的语义关系，所以建议在and之间加个逗号，将两个句子隔开，and之后的句子建议谓语动词使用进行时态is having，表示各种思想的交融逐渐在起作用，且这种积极的作用也会一直持续下去的。

   out拼写错误，应该是our;

   ③句varieties使用不当，应该是a variety of cultures表示各种文化的意思。

该句中main修饰portion，表达的是我们因该尊重各国文化，并且学习吸收这些文化对于我们有帮助的那些精华核心部分的内容，所以portion后面的形容词短语需要改为完成的后置定语，即which is beneficial to us.

【整体点评】

1. 本篇习作的数字（为155字）没有达到考试的基本字数要求，研究生考试的大作文写作要求是160-200字，小作文是100字。

2. 首段总体描述都很清晰简明，避免了一般的图画表面现象的描述方法，通常大家就图画本身的字面信息进行描述，而这篇写作则是将这些表面文字信息予以归纳，提升了一个层次，即将所有的信息从大类上予以描述，佛、功夫是中国的，莎士比亚、爱因斯坦是西方的，后现代，礼、道、任都是传统的，等等。

3. 第二段运用的新词汇比较多，比如monolithic、 sundry 和ideology这些非常专业的词汇，这说明作者的词汇量是非常大的，能将自己熟记的一些词汇即时的应用到写作练习中，但是要注意这些非常专业词汇在写作中应用的度要把握好，这篇文章的重心主要是讲述各国文化的融合交流，尽量不要过多的从文化的专业性论文的角度去讲述，这样就会容易离题太远了。因为学术性论文给人一种严谨的呆板的感觉，而如果使用非专业性的词汇去表达，则能让文章感觉更为生动些，有活力。但还是要值得表达的是“学以致用”的思想在这里得到了验证。

4. 第三段用三句话点名了作者的观点，即文化交流融合很有必要，但是没有进行深度拓展。

文章整体来说，言简意赅，符合了考试写作提纲的要求，文章表示语义衔接的词语运用不太多，在以后的写作中可以多尝试使用一些表示衔接的词语，这样文章段落内部句内和段落之间的关系就能很明朗的表现出来，同时也能从整体上提升文章的水平。建议多多积累和背诵《考研真相》关于每一年真题大作文的相关优秀句式和词汇，从而灵活应用到自己的写作实践中。