Oracle网络配置文件参数详解_冬冬历险记

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Oracle网络配置文件参数详解

(2012-07-04 11:53:37)

标签：

杂谈

分类： ORACLE

Node Checking

Note:

Protocol specific parameters are not dynamic. They are read only at startup.

In 8i in protocol.ora
In 9i and 10g in sqlnet.ora

Node checking

TCP.VALIDNODE_CHECKING=<yes/no>

tcp.validnode_checking=yes

Excluding nodes

Use this parameter to specify which clients are denied access to the database

TCP.EXCLUDED_NODES=
(hostname | ip_address, hostname | ip_address,...)

TCP.EXCLUDED_NODES=(finance.us.acme.com,
mktg.us.acme.com, 144.25.5.25)

Invited nodes

Use this parameter to check for invited and excluded nodes. This list takes precedence over the TCP.EXCLUDED_NODES
parameter if both lists are present

TCP.INVITED_NODES=(hostname | ip_address, hostname | ip_address, ...)

TCP.INVITED_NODES=(sales.us.acme.com,
hr.us.acme.com, 144.185.5.73)

TCP delay

Use this parameter to preempt delays in buffer flushing within the TCP/IP protocol stack

TCP.NODELAY=<yes/no>

TCP.NODELAY=yes

SQLNET.ORA Parameters

Authentication Services

sqlnet.authentication_services (<value>)

Value	Description
NONE	Disables logging on without password
NTS	NT operating system authentication
ALL	All authentication methods

For Advanced Security Only
dcegssapi	DCE GSSAPI authentication
kerberos5	Kerberos authentication
radius	RADIUS authentication

sqlnet.authentication_services = (NONE)

Client Identifier

Sets a unique identifier for a client computer. The identifier is passed to the listener with any connection request and is included in the Audit Trail. The identifier can be any alphanumeric string up to 128 characters long.

sqlnet.client_registration=42

Connection Routing

names.directory_path=(<values>)

names.directory_path=(LDAP, TNSNAMES, ONAMES, HOSTNAME)

Inactive Session Expiration Time

Kill inactive SQLNET sessions

sqlnet.expire_time = <integer_minutes>

sqlnet.expire_time=10

Minimum Client Version

sqlnet.allowed_logon_version= <version_number>

sqlnet.allowed_logon_version=10

Names Directory Path

names.directory_path=
(order_of_naming_methods_for_client_name_resolution)

Naming Method Values

directory naming	A naming method that resolves a database service, net service name, or net service alias to a connect descriptor stored in a central directory server
external naming	A naming method that uses a third-party naming service, such as NIS or CDS
host naming	Name resolution in a TCP/IP environment to resolve names through the existing name resolution service.
local naming	A naming method that locates network addresses by using information configured and stored on each individual client's tnsnames.ora file. Local naming is most appropriate for simple distributed networks with a small number of services that change infrequently.
Network Information Service (NIS)	Sun Microsystems' Yellow Pages (yp) client/server protocol

NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH=(tnsnames, onames, hostname)

Names Server Default Domain

names.default_domain=<domain_name>

NAMES.DEFAULT_DOMAIN=psoug.org

SDU Size

Oracle Corporation recommends setting this parameter in both the clientside and serverside sqlnet.ora file to ensure the same SDU size is used throughout a connection. When the configured values of client and database server do not match for a session, the lower of the two values is used.

Default 2048 (2K) / Range 512 to 32768 (32K)

DEFAULT_SDU_SIZE=4096

Security Parameters

Cryptography Seed Value

This optional parameter is required for when encryption or checksumming are turned on. Encryption is turned on if the SQLNET.ENCRYPTION_CLIENT parameter is specified for the client and the SQLNET.ENCRYPTION_SERVER parameter is specified for the database server

sqlnet.crypto_seed = <10_to_70_random_characters>

Default: qwertyuiopasdfghjkl;zxcvbnm,.s1

sqlnet.crypto_seed=pqowieuryt;laksjdhfgmznxbcv,.s1

Checksum Client Behavior

sqlnet.checksum_client = <accepted | rejected | requested | required>

sqlnet.checksum_client=required

Default: accepted

Checksum Server Behavior

sqlnet.checksum_server = <accepted | rejected | requested | required>

sqlnet.checksum_server=required

Default: accepted

Checksum Type Client Behavior

sqlnet.crypto_checksum_types_client = <md5 | sha1>

sqlnet.crypto_checksum_types_client=md5

Default: accepted

Checksum Type Server Behavior

sqlnet.crypto_checksum_types_server = <md5 | sha1>

sqlnet.crypto_checksum_types_server=md5

Default: accepted

Encryption Client

sqlnet.encryption_client = <accepted | rejected | requested | required>

sqlnet.encryption_client=required

Default: accepted

Encryption Server

sqlnet.encryption_server = <accepted | rejected | requested | required>

sqlnet.encryption_server=required

Default:

Encryption Type: Client

sqlnet.encryption_types_client = <value>

value choices:
3des112 for triple DES with a two-key (112 bit) option
3des168 for triple DES with a three-key (168 bit) option
des for standard 56 bit key size
des40 for 40 bit key size
rc4_40 for 40 bit key size
rc4_56 for 56 bit key size
rc4_128 for 128 bit key size
rc4_256 for 256 bit key size

sqlnet.encryption_types_client=(rc4_256)

Default: all avialable algorithms

Encryption Type: Server

sqlnet.encryption_types_server = <value>

value choices:
3des112 for triple DES with a two-key (112 bit) option
3des168 for triple DES with a three-key (168 bit) option
des for standard 56 bit key size
des40 for 40 bit key size
rc4_40 for 40 bit key size
rc4_56 for 56 bit key size
rc4_128 for 128 bit key size
rc4_256 for 256 bit key size

sqlnet.encryption_types_server=(rc4_256)

Default: all avialable algorithms

Connection Tracing Parameters

LOG_DIRECTORY_CLIENT

log_directory_client = <operating system path>

log_directory_client=/oracle/network/log

LOG_DIRECTORY_SERVER

log_directory_server = <trace_level>

log_directory_server=/oracle/network/log

LOG_FILE_CLIENT

log_file_client = <file_name>

log_file_client=sqlnet.log

LOG_FILE_SERVER

log_file_server = <file_name>

log_file_server=sqlnet.log

TRACE_LEVEL_CLIENT

trace_level_client = <trace_level>

trace_level_client=16

TRACE_LEVEL_SERVER

trace_level_sever = <trace_level>

trace_level_server=16

TRACE_LEVEL_UNIQUE

Avoid multiple sessions in a single trace file

trace_level_unique = <TRUE | FALSE>

trace_level_unique=TRUE

TRACE_DIRECTORY_CLIENT

The directory into which the trace file is written

trace_directory_client=c:\oracle\product\ora10\network\trace

Connection Manager Parameters

Control Utility

CMCTL

Administer

administer

CMCTL> administer
Current instance CMAN_perrito is not yet started
Connections refer to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=perrito)
(PORT=1521).
The command completed successfully.
CMCTL:CMAN_perrito

close connections

CMCTL>

Exit

exit

CMCTL> exit

Help

help

CMCTL>

Quit

CMCTL>

Reload

CMCTL>

Resume

CMCTL>

Save Password

save_passwd

CMCTL>

Set

CMCTL>

Show

CMCTL>

Shutdown

CMCTL>

Sleep

CMCTL>

Startup

startup

CMCTL> startup

Suspend

CMCTL>

Listener Parameters

Control Utility

LSNRCTL

Change Password

change_password

LSNRCTL> change_password

Exit

exit

LSNRCTL> exit

Quit

quit

LSNRCTL> quit

Reload

reload

LSNRCTL> reload

Save Configuration

save_config

LSNRCTL> save_config

Services

services

LSNRCTL> services

Set

LSNRCTL> set

or ... in SQLNET.ORA

#Timeout Parameters
SQLNET.INBOUND_CONNECT_TIMEOUT = 300
SQLNET.SEND_TIMEOUT = 300
SQLNET.RECV_TIMEOUT = 300

Show

LSNRCTL> show

Start

start

LSNRCTL> start

Status

status

LSNRCTL> status

Stop

stop

LSNRCTL> stop

Trace

trace <1 | 2>

LSNRCTL> trace 1

Version

version

LSNRCTL> version

Directory Usage (LDAP) Parameters

Tracing Parameters

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