现在分词、过去分词作定语、宾语补足语、状语时的区别

 

（一） 现在分词\过去分词作定语的区别.

The mobile phone lying on the desk belongs to me.

=The mobile phone which is lying on the desk belongs to me.

（ the mobile phone 和 lie为主谓关系，即主动关系，故用现在分词）

The injured suffering from the shock in the traffic accident were lying in the hospital.

=The injured who suffered from the shock in the traffic accident were lying the hospital。

（the injured 和suffer 为主谓关系，即主动关系，故用现在分词）

The house built 50 years ago will be pulled soon.

=The house which was built 50 years ago will be pulled soon.

（the house 和 build为动宾关系，即被动关系，故用过去分词）

The mobile phone laid on the desk belongs to me.

=The mobile phone which is laid on the desk belongs to me.

（the mobile phone 和 lay 为动宾关系，即被动关系，故用过去分词）

小试牛刀:

1.The student ________________( speak) to the teacher now is our moniter.

2.The problem _______________( discuss) yesterday is of great importance.

3.The machine ________________( repair ) yesterday is broken again.

4..The guests ________________(invite) to the meeting were all specialists.

5.China is a country _______________(belong )to the 3rd world.

6 .He lives in the house _______________( face ) the north.

7.The temple ________________( stand ) on the top of the hill was built 500 years ago.

8.The students ________________( want ) to join the club will gather at the gate.

9.The car ____________________(make ) in Japan is of high qulity.

10.A checking delegation ( 代表团)______________( consist ) of 5 people are visiting our school.

A checking delegation ( 代表团)_____________( make) up of 5 people are visiting our school.

11. The student________________( focus )on his lesson is best in our class.

The student _______________ ( lose )in his lesson is best in our class.

12.Can you see the boy _________________ ( dress )in a red shirt?

Can you see the boy __________________( wear ) a red shirt?

13.The students ____________________( sit ) in Row I see the blackboard clearly

The students __________________( seat ) in Row I see the blackboard clearly.

14. The country _____________ ( lie ) to the east of Shandong Peninsula (半岛) is South Korea.

The country _____________(locate ) to the east of Shandong Peninsula (半岛) is South Korea.

   ( 辅助信息:Our school is located in the centre of the town)

key:1,speaking.2,discussed.3,repaired.4,invited.5,belonging.6,facing.7,standing.8,wanting.9,made.10,consisting;made.11,focusing;lost.12,dressed;wearing.13,sitting;seated.14,lying;locted.

 

（二）现在分词、过去分词作宾语补足语的区别

find ，make，feel， keep， leave， have ，see， observe， notice， watch， hear 。。。但 其中make，have ，see ，observe，notice， watch， hear后也可：V +O+do sth。

Can you hear somebody singing  in the next room? （ 宾语somebody 和 sing 为主谓关系，故用现在分词）

I often hear this song sung in English. （宾语this song 和 sing 为动宾关系 ，故用过去分词）

He let out my secret. He made it known to all.（宾语it和know为动宾关系，故用过去分词）

I have had my heart examined.（ 宾语 my heart和examine为动宾关系，故用过去分词）

When she saw his son sitting in the last row,she felt very disappointed.

 ( 宾语his son 和 sit 为主谓关系，故用现在分词）

When she saw her son seated in the last row, she felt very disappointed.

（seat Vt,使sb 坐下，her son 是seat逻辑宾语，即为动宾关系，故用过去分词。辅助信息：Her son was seated in the row ）

I found him focusing on his book,so I didn’t disturb him.

（宾语him和focus为主谓关系，故用现在分词）

I found him  lost in his book,so I didn’t disturb him.

（辅助信息:He was lost in his book ,故用过去分词）

试试看:

1.Please speak loudly to make yourself ________________ ( hear)clearly.

2.Don’t leave\have \keep him _______________  ( stand) in the rain.

3.Finding his car _______________(run ) beyond the speed ,the policeman gave him a ticket.

4.He always keeps his box _______________( lock)

5.He is absent.He is having his house ________________( repair).

6.I noticed all the eyes ______________( look) at the star when she appeared at the stage.

7.I noticed all the eyes ______________( fix ) upon the star when she appeared at the stage.

8.I feel my heart_________________( beat ) fast.

9.When I found myself ________________ ( laugh )at ,I became angry.

key:1,heard.2,standing.3,running.4,locked.5,repaired.6,looking.7,fixed.8,beating.9,laughed.

 

（三）现在分词、过去分词作状语的区别：（在句首的分词相当于时间状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句；在句末的分词常作伴随状语、方式状语、结果状语、不能改成从句）如：

Seen from space, the earth looks blue.=When it is seen from space,the earth looks blue.

Seeing the earth from space,we will find it blue.=When we see the earth from space,we’ll find...

Devoting himself to education, he was given a medal.=As he devoted himself to education,he…

Devoted to education, he was given a medal.=As he was devoted to education,he ……

She sat at the desk , focusing on the lesson.

She sat at the desk, lost in the lesson.

试试看：

1.__________________(give ) more time ,we can do the work better.

2.__________________( give ) us more time, you can get a better result.

3._________________( lose ) my key ,I couldn’t enter my room.

4__________________________( not receive) his letter ,I decided to another .

5.____________________(dress) in a red shirt ,he is easy to find from the crowd.

6. ___________________( wear ) a red shirt ,he is easy to find from the crowd.

7.__________________( concentrate) on his newspaper, he didn’t notice my arrival.

8.__________________( absorb )in his newspaper, he didn’t notice my arrival.

9.__________________( compare ) him with you,I think you lucky.

10._________________ (compare) with him ,you are lucky.

11.__________________( recognize) as a thief, he was caught alive.

12.__________________( find ) the man stealing my wallet ,I called the police.

13.Once ___________________(find ) smoking in the office, you will be fined.

14.Though _________________( invite), I won’t attend his party.

15.The old man never speaks Unless __________________ ( speak ) to.

16. He was forced to leave his home,__________________(decide) never to return.

17. He was forced to leave his home,_________________(determine) never to return.

18.The professor came into the classroom, _______________(follow) his students.

19. .The professor came into the classroom, _______________(follow) by his students.

20.A beggar died of cold, _________________( leave ) his body exposed.

A beggar died of cold, _________________( dress ) in nothing.

A beggar died of cold, _________________(wear ) nothing.

A beggar died of cold,_________________( have ) nothing on.

A beggar died of cold ,_________________( cover) with nothing.

key:1,Given.2,Giving.3,Having lost.4,Not having received. 5,Dressed. 6,Wearing. 7,Concentrating.8,Absorbed.9,Comparing.10,Compared.11,Recognized.12,Finding.13,found.14,invited.15,spoken.16,deciding.17,determined.18,following.19,followed.20,leaving;dressed;wearing;having;covered