1.         After she won a gold medal in figure skating at the 1956 Olympic Games, Tenley Albright attended medical school and becoming a surgeon.

(A).  school and becoming

(B).   school and became

(C).   school, also became

(D).  school, she became

(E).   school; also becoming

 

2.         In his Star Wars films, director George Lucas is a contemporary mythmaker, plus being a master of special effects.

(A).  Lucas is a contemporary mythmaker, plus being

(B).   Lucas, a contemporary mythmaker, moreover

(C).   Lucas is a contemporary mythmaker as well as

(D).  Lucas, who is a contemporary mythmaker and also

(E).   Lucas is a contemporary mythmaker, he is also

 

3.         Because of geothermal changes beneath Old Faithful, the frequency and duration of the geyser’s eruptions are now more predictable.

(A).  eruptions are now more predictable

(B).   eruptions, they are now more predictable

(C).   eruptions are predicted more easier now

(D).  eruptions being easier to predict than before

(E).   eruptions, they can now be predicted more easily

 

4.         Founded in 1919, the aim of the Bauhaus School was to create a revolutionary modern style that would unite art and mass production.

(A).  aim of the Bauhaus School was

(B).   aim of the Bauhaus School having been

(C).   Bauhaus School, whose aim was

(D).  Bauhaus School aiming

(E).   Bauhaus School aimed

 

5.         Coleman Hawkins is often called the “father of the tenor saxophone” on account of he was the first to realize the instrument’s expressive powers.

(A).  saxophone” on account of he was

(B).   saxophone” because he was

(C).   saxophone” due to him being

(D).  saxophone,” which he was

(E).   saxophone,” he was

 

6.         The ship will not leave port until every one of the crew members have been examined by a physician and given a clean bill of health.

(A).  have been

(B).   has been

(C).   had been

(D).  are

(E).   were

 

7.         It appears that either Jane or Marek will be elected to be presidents of the student union.

(A).  to be presidents

(B).   are presidents

(C).   presidents

(D).  for president

(E).   president

 

8.         Apparently honoring the actor’s desire for a flattering biography, there is no mention by the author of any of the scandals in which her subject was involved.

(A).  there is no mention by the author of any of the scandals in which her subject was involved

(B).   none of the scandals in which her subject was involved is mentioned by the author

(C).   none of the scandals in which her subject was involved are mentioned by the author

(D).  the author does not mention any of the scandals in which her subject was involved

(E).   the author mentions none of the scandals in which her subject were involved

 

9.         An odd friendshipin certain respects, she being an outdoor enthusiast and he a dedicated bookworm.

(A).  An odd friendship

(B).   As an odd friendship

(C).   Their friendship being odd

(D).  Theirs was an odd friendship

(E).   Having a friendship that was somewhat odd

 

10.     Each of the men who attended the meeting were suspected to be a spy.

(A).  were suspected to be a spy

(B).   were suspected to be spies

(C).   were suspected of being spies

(D).  was suspected of being spies

(E).   was suspected of being a spy

 

11.     The island of Madagascar, off the coast of Africa, is the habitat of more than 200,000 species of plants and animals, many are not found anywhere else on the planet.

(A).  animals, many are not found anywhere

(B).   animals; many, are not found anywhere

(C).   animals; of which many are not found anywhere

(D).  animals, many found nowhere

(E).   animals, finding many nowhere

 

 

12.     This film has earned (A) more money (B) from(C) ticket sales than have (D) its closest competitor for the Best Documentary Feature Film Award. No error (E)

 

13.     Dr. Ling strongly (A) encouraged each of (B) us contacting (C) our federal and state representatives and urge them to increase (D) funding for elementary school music programs. No error (E)

 

14.     In the years following (A) the Second World War, as millions of soldiers returned to civilian life, the demand for (B) housing will cause (C) a massive expansion of (D) suburbs. No error (E)

 

15.     Because (A) they build (B) nests on telephone poles as readily (C) as they do in trees, ospreys adapting (D) well to various environment. No error (E)

 

16.     Whiptails, the more speedier (A) of lizard, are remarkable creatures because (B) in thirteen of the known (C) species the females reproduce without (D) mating with males. No error (E)

 

17.     Scientists have discovered that walnut trees respond to (A) environmental stresses such as (B) drought by producing (C) significant amounts of (D) a substance similar to aspirin. No error (E)

 

18.     For our hike, my two companions and I (A) had chose (B) to walk along the Appalachian Trail, one of (C) the oldest and best-loved (D) hiking paths in the United States. No error (E)

 

19.     When people see (A) Lake Michigan for the first time, he or she (B) may think that it (C) looks more like (D) an ocean than a lake. No error (E)

 

20.     Teeming with (A) hundreds of species of tropical fish, the clear (B) waters of the Caribbean Sea provide (C) a paradise for (D) scuba divers. No error (E)

 

21.     The museum’s latest exhibition, featuring (A) the works of several relatively young (B) artists, have been (C) praised in reviews by (D) influential art critics. No error (E)

 

22.     The proposed environmental legislation would devote (A) billions of dollars in (B) federal grants to (C) conservation activities such as acquiring new public lands, preserving coastal habitats, and to establish (D) urban parks. No error (E)

 

23.     Though the island was formed by (A) volcanic action long ago (B), volcanic activity still threatens (C) its inhabitants occasionally (D). No error (E)

 

24.     Damselflies closely (A) resemble dragonflies except that (B) when at rest an adult damselfly holds its wings parallel to the (C) body, while a dragonfly holds theirs (D) perpendicular to the body. No error (E)

 

25.     Each girl in my class (A) wanted (B) to have a quinceanera—an elaborate party with plenty of (C) food and dancing—to celebrate her (D) fifteenth birthday. No error (E)

 

26.     Experts who decipher (A) ancient written languages report (B) that the Indus civilization’s script is more difficult (C) to decode than other civilizations (D). No error (E)

 

27.     Although both (A) birds are known for their distinctive (B) songs, but the rufous songlark has a sweeter (C) song than has (D) the brown songlark. No error (E)

 

28.     Because (A) sound waves travel faster (B) in liquids than they do(C) in gases, the speed of sound in water is greater than that of sound (D) in the air. No error (E)

 

29.     Mary Whiton Calkins was an imminent (A) psychologist and philosopher whose (B) research focused on (C) such topics as (D) memory, consciousness, and dreams. No error (E)

 

 

(1)The word “dinosaur” is derived from two Greek words meaning “terrifying lizard.” (2) This fact might therefore lead you to think that today’s reptiles—including lizards—are descended from dinosaurs. (3) Modern reptiles are probably not directly related to the dinosaurs. (4) Instead, it is birds, not reptiles, that most scientists now think are the dinosaurs’ true descendants. (5) Some even say that birds are dinosaurs—dinosaurs as they have evolved over millions of years. (6) That claim may sound incredible. (7) It is based on extensive fossil evidence.

(8) A definite evolutionary connection between birds and dinosaurs was first uncovered in 1861. (9) The fossil was the petrified remains of an animal that in many respects resemble a small, winged dinosaur. (10) There was, similarly, one astonishing difference between this fossil and any dinosaur fossil previously found. (11) The newly discovered animal’s body was covered with fully developed feathers. (12) Scientists gave the creature the name Archaeopteryx, which means “ancient wing” in Greek, and declared it a transitional species between dinosaurs and birds. (13) Ancient Greek is a language that lends itself to forming logical compound words such as these.

(14) In the years since that discovery, scientists have unearthed other unique fossils. (15) These fossils show that dinosaurs and birds share many common skeletal features. (16) They reveal that several species of dinosaurs had what look like primitive feathers. (17) They indicate that some dinosaurs brooded over their nests, much as chickens do. (18) There is even fossil evidence that a few dinosaurs had four-chambered hearts. (19) That means that they may have been warm-blooded—just like birds but unlike modern reptiles, which are all cold-blooded. 

 

30.     In context, which of the following would be best to place at the beginning of sentence 3 (reproduced below)?

Modern reptiles are probably not directly related to the dinosaurs.

(A).  In any case,

(B).   It is believed that

(C).   As it turns out, though,

(D).  They now say that

(E).   Moreover, it appears that

 

31.     In context, which is the best way to revise and combine sentences 6 and 7 (reproduced below)?

That claim may sound incredible. It is based on extensive fossil evidence.

(A).  As incredible as that claim may sound, it is based on extensive fossil evidence.

(B).   That claim may sound incredible, but he based it on extensive fossil evidence.

(C).   The claim is based on extensive fossil evidence, but they sound incredible to us.

(D).  That claim sounds incredible; it will need to be based on extensive fossil evidence.

(E).   Based on extensive fossil evidence, that claim may yet have sounded incredible.

 

32.     In context, which of the following would be the most effective revision of the underlined portion of sentence 10 (reproduced below)?

There was, similarly, one astonishing difference between this fossil and any dinosaur fossil previously found.

(A).  obviously

(B).   however

(C).   they claimed

(D).  therefore

(E).   in retrospect

 

33.     In context, which is the best way to deal with sentence 13 (reproduced below)?

Ancient Greek is a language that lends itself to forming logical compound words such as these.

(A).  Insert it immediately after sentence 1.

(B).   Delete it from the passage.

(C).   Change “is” to “was”.

(D).  Change “lends” to “lent”.

(E).   Change “these” to “Archaeopteryx”.

 

34.     In context, which of the following would be the most effective revision of the underlined portion of sentence 14 (reproduced below)?

In the years since that discovery, scientists have unearthed other unique fossils.

(A).  many others

(B).   many interesting fossils

(C).   more of these kinds of fossils

(D).  other fossils that confirm the link between dinosaurs and birds

(E).   fossils that provide evidence disproving these early findings

 

35.     Where in the passage would be the following sentence best be inserted?

It was then that a worker in a German limestone quarry accidentally discovered an unusual fossil.

(A).  Immediately before sentence 5

(B).   Immediately before sentence 9

(C).   Immediately before sentence 11

(D).  Immediately before sentence 12

(E).   Immediately before sentence 15

 

 

 

1.         Just after returning home, the discovery was made that the basement had flooded during our absence.

(A).  Just after returning home, the discovery was made

(B).   Just after returning home, we discovered

(C).   Having just returned home was when we discovered

(D).  We returned home, just thereafter we discovered

(E).   Our discovery, just after we returned home,

 

2.         Unlike other members of the bear family, which rely at least in part on a diet of insects, fish, mammals, or other meat, but pandas are primarily vegetarians and eat mainly bamboo.

(A).  but pandas are

(B).   but a panda is

(C).   pandas are

(D).  pandas, which are

(E).   that of a panda is

 

3.         Maya Lin is best known for designing the Vietnam Veterans Memorial, but her work also including buildings, furniture, and sculptures in stone, wood, and glass.

(A).  but her work also including

(B).   but her work also includes

(C).   but her work also having included

(D).  her work also includes

(E).   then her work also includes

 

4.         The Mansion House, once home to a thriving utopian community, remained closed to the public for over a century and reopening as a museum in 1987.

(A).  century and reopening

(B).   century, it reopened

(C).   century but reopened

(D).  century, when reopening

(E).   century, so reopening

 

5.         Voicing their concern about heavy traffic near the school, the town council’s plan to build a bypass was supported by local parents.

(A).  the town council’s plan to build a bypass was supported by local parents.

(B).   local parents supported the town council’s plan to build a bypass

(C).   a plan by the town council to build a bypass was supported by local parents

(D).  a bypass was planned by the town council and local parents supported building it

(E).   building a bypass was planned by the town council and supported by local parents

 

6.         Diamond is harder than any other naturally occurring mineral, and the reason is because its carbon atoms are arranged in a strongly bonded crystal structure.

(A).  mineral, and the reason is because

(B).   mineral; and the reason for it is that

(C).   mineral and because

(D).  mineral because

(E).   mineral by

 

7.         Relatively little is known about the Suminoe oyster, which is new to the Chesapeake Bay, this has resulted in it being difficult for scientists to decide whether it may disturb the ecosystem there.

(A).  Bay, this has resulted in it being difficult

(B).   Bay, which have resulted in difficulty

(C).   Bay, and results in difficulty

(D).  Bay; they result in difficulty

(E).   Bay; as a result, it is difficult

 

8.         The reason that many films succeed is that it reflects the private yearnings of audiences.

(A).  is that it reflects

(B).   is that they reflect

(C).   is because of reflecting

(D).  are because they reflect

(E).   are their reflection of

 

9.         Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin used x-rays to discover the chemical structures of penicillin and vitamin B12, winning a Nobel Prize for her work.

(A).  winning a Nobel Prize for her work.

(B).   she then won a Nobel Prize for her work

(C).   this work won her a Nobel Prize

(D).  she won a Nobel Prize for her work

(E).   her work having won a Nobel Prize for her

 

10.     Although the development of an all-electric airplane is more problematic and complex than an all-electric car, several aeronautical companies are working to design and build all-electric airplanes.

(A).  an all-electric car

(B).   all-electric cars

(C).   those of an all-electric car

(D).  an all-electric car being developed

(E).   the development of an all-electric car

 

11.     In appearance much like the traditional yellow-fleshed Peruvian potato, Canadian researchers developed the hybrid Yukon Gold potato about 30 years ago.

(A).  Canadian researchers developed the hybrid Yukon Gold potato

(B).   Canadian researchers have developed the hybrid Yukon Gold potato

(C).   the hybrid Yukon Gold potato was developed by Canadian researchers

(D).  however, the hybrid Yukon Gold potato was developed by Canadian researchers

(E).   but the hybrid Yukon Gold potato was developed by Canadian researchers

 

12.     One of the few marine mammals that makes use of tools are the Indian Ocean bottlenose dolphin, which uses sea sponges to stir sand on the ocean floor while hunting for prey.

(A).  that makes use of tools are

(B).   that make use of tools are

(C).   to make use of tools is

(D).  to make use of tools are

(E).   to make use of tools,

 

13.     The Institute’s exhibition of pictures of Arctic animals displays a firm commitment and a deep interest in the conversation of the world’s endangered animal species.

(A).  displays a firm commitment

(B).   display a firm commitment

(C).   displays a firm commitment to

(D).  display a firm commitment

(E).   that display a firm commitment

 

14.     In addition to scientific talent, Santiago Ramon y Cajal had artistic talent, as is evidenced by the excellent drawings in his papers about the nervous system.

(A).  as is evidenced by the excellent drawings

(B).   which the excellent drawings are seen to be evidence of and appeared

(C).   the excellent drawings which are evidence of this are

(D).  his excellent drawings as evidence, appearing

(E).   to be evidenced of in the excellent drawings