Key to Exercises in Unit 14

 

Text comprehension

 

I.  B

 

II.  FTTTT

 

III.

1. Refer to paragraphs 1.

2. Refer to Paragraph 2.

3. Refer to Paragraph 3.

4. Refer to Paragraph 5.

5. Refer to Paragraph 6.

 

IV. Explain in your own words the following sentences taken from the text.

 

1. Out of all the traits or characteristics an educated man should possess, five are the most outstanding, which are easily identified by all men.

 

2. Delicate, polite, and gentle manners are essential, necessary qualities of an educated man.

 

3. It is commonplace that at the age of 24 or 25, men with a college education tend to live a stable and ordinary life, more or less satisfied with their intellectual achievements.

 

4.  No matter how charming or wise these illusionary dreamers might be, they are short of what an education requires.

 

Part I. Vocabulary Analysis

I. 1. be embodied    2. persistent continuous hard work 

3. be the most important and significant

  4. undoubtedly; not been effective   5. revealed    

6. making progress and very likely to succeed in

 

II.

1. professional    2. refined        3. mark        4. institutions   5. induces

6. scholarship     7. fundamental   8. multiplying   9. attendance   10. in vain

 

III. Word comparison

1. C   2. A    3. B   4. D   5. D   6. C   7. A   8.B

 

IV.

1.  a. get                 b. acquire        c. get                  d. acquire

2.  a. traits          b. traits           c. characteristic        d. characteristics

3.  a. persisted        b. insisted          c. insists                 d. persist

4.  a. politeness       b. politeness      c. manners             d. manners

 

V. Give synonyms or antonyms of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.

1. Synonyms: obvious, clear, distinct, definite

2. Antonyms: unreasonable, improper, excessive

3. Synonyms: accuracy, exactness

4. Antonyms: conscious, voluntary

5. Synonyms: shallow, skin-deep

6. Antonyms: hide, cover, screen

7.Synonyms: persist, keep, maintain

8. Antonyms: inefficiency, incompetence, inability

 

VI. Rephrase each of the following sentences with the word given in brackets.

1.       The agent said it is a magnificent, eighteenth-century mansion. (described)

Tip: describe v. give a description of 描述

e.g. Can you describe the kidnapper on that day?

describe as: give description in a way 描述为

e.g. Wolves are always described as a dangerous animal in fairy tales.

 

Key: The agent described it as a magnificent, eighteen-century mansion.

 

2.       We were just going to bed when the earthquake happened. (point)

Tip：point n. moment，an instant of time 时刻

e.g. At one point, I thought he was to quit.

on the point of : be about to 即将

e.g. On the point of our leaving, he arrived.

 

Key: We were on the point of going to bed when the earthquake happened.

 

3.       Tony bought Stella a necklace as a compensation for not having a holiday with her. (make)

Tip: make v. produce, cause 生产，造成

e.g. The kid made a lot of trouble for us.

make up for: compensate 弥补

e.g. How can we make up for the passing time?

Key: Tony bought Stella a necklace to make up for not having a holiday with her.

 

4.       The doctor says that Stanley’s liver will be all right now, unless he starts drinking again. (provided)

Tip: provide v. offer 提供

e.g. We can provide you free accommodation within two weeks.

provided conj. if 假如

e.g. Provided you were a single mother, can you balance your work and family?

 

Key: The doctor says that Stanley’s liver will be all right now, provided he doesn’t start drinking again.

 

5.       The stories he tells about his war experiences are unbelievable. (beyond)

Tip: beyond prep. incapable of 超越（能力）

e.g. To write a composition in such short time is beyond me.

Key: The stories he tells about his war experiences are beyond belief.

 

6.       What speed is allowed on this motorway? (how)

Tip: how adv. to what degree 如何，多少

e.g. How can I arrive there in five minutes?

Key: How fast is one allowed to go on this motorway?

 

7.       Yes, I remembered to give her your message. (forget)

Tip: forget v. not remember 忘记

e.g. I am sorry for forgetting to pay you back.

Key: No, I did not forget to give her your message.

 

8.       Brown’s Hotel is regarded as one of the best in London. (consider)

Tip: consider v. regard 认为，看待

e.g. If you consider it impossible, then it is.

consider as: regard as 认为

e.g. I have always considered you as my own family.

 

Key: Brown’s hotel is considered as one of the best in London.

 

Part II. Grammar Exercises

I.

1. Need he explain again and again?/ Does he need to explain again and again?

2. I needn't wait./ i don't need to wait.

3. You needn't drive so fast./ You don't need to drive so fast.

4. You needn't take the umbrella./ You don't need to take the umbrella.

5. Need I go to the meeting?/ Do I need to go to the meeting?

6. I hardly need tell you the importance of it.

7. She needn't come./ She doesn't need to come with us if she doesn't want to.

8. She's thirsty. She needs a drink.

 

II．

1. needs

2. didn’t need to show

3. need

4. needed

5. needn't have carried

6. need

7. don't need to do/ needn't do

8. don't need to pay

 

III.

    At weekends Mr. Byrd doesn't need to get up at 7:30. He doesn't have to wash and have breakfast quickly. He doesn't have to take the 8:20 train to his office. He isn't expected to be at the office. He doesn't have to work. He doesn't need to have a light meal. He doesn't have to rush...

IV.

1. swollen

2. beaten

3. encouraging

4. fallen

5. born

6. uninvited

7. broken

8. enclosed

9. smiling

10. waiting

 

V. Join the two sentences into one, using the words and phrases given.

BCDACABC

 

VI.  e.g. It is certain that so far no team can expect to beat ours at this tournament.

 

Part III. Translation exercises

 

I.

1. 教育会在人的某些特性，特点和能力方面留下印记，并从中找到其证据，而这种特性，特点和能力必须通过耐心的努力，仿效榜样，接受明智的训练和正确的指导方法方可获得。

2．英语口语中存在许多令人震惊的脏话俗语，英语书面语也有不少，这是大家所见所闻的事实。这种现象毫无疑问地证明，多年在中小学和大学所受的那种被认为是受人尊敬的教育没有产生任何影响。

3． 正直之人本能地知道哪些事情他可做，而且应该做；哪些事情他不可做，而且不应该做。

4．当前风行的成人教育就是这么一种有系统，有明确目标的尝试，让人们在久离学校后还能继续自我发展，从而帮助他们继续接受教育。

 

II．

1.        He possesses some fine traits: he has refined and gentle manners; he is kind and generous to others; he is always modest and prudent; and he constantly perfects his work.

2.        A high crime rate that doesn't seem to drop is a reflection of an unstable society.

3.        It's beyond doubt that shanghai is fast becoming another international financial center.

4.        Such a small gym can hardly meet the needs of such a large student body, amounting to about 3000.

5.         A person with reason instinctively knows what should be done and what should not be done.

6.   Despite hardships, she persisted in her efforts to complete her university education.

7.  As long as you study hard and make progress constantly, your chances to succeed will multiply.

8.  Wang Li works very efficiently, because he possesses strong professional competence and, moreover, he pays particular attention to the methods he employs..

9.  The so-called problem teens were not born to be problems. Very likely, it is because they lack parental and school discipline.

10.  The President of the university displays both professional competence and excellent leadership; therefore, he is very popular among the teachers and other staff members.

Part IV. Exercises for integrated skills

1. Dictation

Broadly speaking, / the Englishman is a quiet, shy, reserved person / who is fully relaxed only among people he knows well. / In the presence of strangers or foreigners / he often seems shy, / even embarrassed. / You have only to witness a commuter train any morning or evening / to see the truth of this. / Serious-looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers / or dozing in a corner; / no one speaks. / In fact, / to do so would seem most unusual. / An English wit, / pretending to be giving advice to overseas visitors, / once suggested, / “On entering a railway compartment / shake hands with all the passengers.” / Needless to say, / he was not being serious. / There is an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior / which, if broken, / makes the person immediately the object of suspicion.

 

2. Cloze

I hold it essential for a teacher to be both intellectually and morally honest. This does not mean being a perfect holy person. It means that he will be (1) aware of his intellectual strengths, and limitations, and will have thought about and (2) decided upon the moral principles by which his life shall be guided. There is (3) no contradiction in my going on to say that a teacher should be a bit of an (4) actor. That is part of the technique of teaching, which (5) demands that every now and then a teacher should be able to put on an act –to enliven a lesson, (6) correct a fault, or award praise. Children, especially young children, live in a world that is rather larger than life.

A teacher must (7) remain mentally alert. He will not get into the profession if of (8) low intelligence, but it is all too easy, even for people of above — average intelligence, to stagnate intellectually — and that means to deteriorate intellectually. A teacher must be (9) quick to adapt himself to any situation, (10) however improbable (they happen!), and able to improvise, if necessary at less than a moment’s notice.

 

Part V. Writing Practice

      Unless circumstances force a postponement, the new semester will begin on September 1^st.

Part VII. Listening Exercises

A.    Listen carefully to the following discussion. Compare your questions to the ones asked in the conversation. Complete the following questions raised by the caller.

Q1: What kind of   courses   do you   offer  ?

Q2: What are your   application deadlines  for the   next semester  ?

Q3: (What is) an   I20  ?

Q4: What is the   tuition   for a   full-time   student?

Q5: How does one   apply  ?

Q6: Are there other   materials   I would need to   send   in addition to the

 application form  ?

Q7: How can I send these   materials   to you?

Q8: (How can I send) the   application fee  ?

 

B.     Listen again. Pay special attention to what the receptionist says, and get ready to answer the following questions. The vocabulary below may offer you some help.

Vocabulary:

attend (v.): go to

content-based classes: classes that focus on a particular subject

literacy (n.): knowledge or learning

deadlines (n.): dates by which sth. must be done or completed

apply (v.): turn in or submit an application

issue (v.): prepare and distribute

Questions:

1. What is the purpose of the English Language Center?

To provide language learning opportunities to international students, whether a student’s goal is to master basic functional language skills for his or her job, or to enter a U.S. college or university.

2. Name some of the courses that are taught at the English Language Center.

Computer literacy, intercultural communication, and business English.

3. If the fall semester begins on August 29th, by what date should one apply to the program?

June 29^th.

4. What is an I20?

It is a form that indicates that a student is given permission to study in a certain program.

5. What kind of visa would an international student get?

F1.

6. What is the tuition for a full-time student? And how can it be sent?

$2,030. By money orders, traveler’s checks, or using credit cards.

7. What must be included in the application packet?

The application form, a $35 non-refundable application fee, a sponsorship form, and a bank statement

 

Tapescript

English Language Center

Receptionist:   English Language Center. How may I help you?

Caller:            Yes. I’m calling to find out more information about your program. For example, what kind of courses do you offer?

Receptionist:   Well, first of all, the purpose of our program is to provide language learning opportunities to international students [uh-hum], whether a student’s goal is to master basic functional language skills, let’s say, for his or her job, or to study intensively to enter a U.S. college or university.

Caller:            Okay. I’m calling for a friend who is interested in attending a U.S. university.

Receptionist:   And that’s the kind of, uh, instruction that we provide, from basic communication courses to content-based classes such as computer literacy, intercultural communication, and business English.

Caller:            Great. What are your application deadlines for the next semester?

Receptionist:   Well, we ask applicants to apply no later than two months before the semester begins. [Uh-hum]    This gives us time to process the application and issue the student’s I20.

Caller:            An I20?

Receptionist:   Oh, an I20 is a form that indicates that we are giving permission for the student to study in our program, and then the student takes this form to the U.S. embassy in his or her home country to apply for the F1 student visa.

Caller:            Alright. What is the tuition for a full-time student?

Receptionist:   It’s two thousand thirty dollars.

Caller:            And how does one apply?

Receptionist:   Well, we can send you an application and you can mail it back to us, or you can fill out our application on our Web site.

Caller:            And are there other materials I would need to send in addition to the application form?

Receptionist:   Uh, yes. You would need to send in a $35 non-refundable application fee [Uh-huh], a sponsorship form indicating who will be responsible financially for the student while studying in our program, and a bank statement showing that you or your sponsor has sufficient funds to cover tuition expenses and living costs for the entire year of study.

Caller:            And how can I send these materials to you?

Receptionist:   You can either send the application packet by regular mail or you can fax it.

Caller:            And the application fee?

Receptionist:   We accept money orders, traveler’s checks, or credit cards.

Caller:            Alright. I think that’s about it.

Receptionist:   Okay, great.

Caller:            Oh, and what is your name?

Receptionist:   Okay. My name is Tony Nelson. You can just call and ask for me.

Caller:            Great. Thank you for your help.

Receptionist:   No problem, and please don’t hesitate to call again if you have any other questions.

Caller:            Okay. Goodbye.