主语的表达方式

学习要点：1）什么可以用作主语？2）主谓一致

㈠　名词/代词/数词作主语

练习一：例句：Each boy and each girl wants to serve the people in the future.

Something is wrong with my cellphone.

      Your decision to divorce your wife has to be made with her agreement.

       My disability has helped me grow stronger psychologically and become more independent.

More than one student has seen the film.

注：“定冠词+ 形容词”也可用作主语，表示一类人或事物：

例句：The old should be respected, while the young should be looked after.

翻译下列句子：

1、  我国约有百分之十五的中学生喜欢上网购物。

 _______ _______ the middle school students in our country like to do shopping on the Internet.

2、  我的梦想是上国内的最好大学。

________ ________ is to enter the best university in the country.

3、  人人都应当尊敬老师和父母。

__________ should respect their teachers and their parents.

4、  一个人不可能总能得到他想要的东西。

________ can never get whatever he/she wants.

 

㈡　动名词或动名词短语作主语：（表示一件事或抽象概念）

问题：1、什么是动名词的复合结构？

2、动名词的两种时态及语态是什么？

 

练习：例句：Having a disability does not mean your life is not satisfying.

Having a book published is a great achievement for anyone, but Zhang Yuncheng’s success is particularly special.

现象：动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语。

如：It is no good/no use +动名词短语

It is useless/ foolish/fun / enjoyable/ nice/ expensive/ dangerous+动名词短语

It is a waste of time/money+动名词短语

It is a good pleasure+动名词短语

翻译下列句子：

1、  学习生词对我们很有用。

 

 

2、  集邮是我的业余爱好。

 

 

3、  挣足够多钱是摆脱危机的唯一办法。

 

4、  那样做是很愚蠢的。

 

 

5、  做太难的练习题是浪费时间。

 

 

6、  我们吵来吵去是没用的。干脆各行其是。

 

 

7、  你去那里对事情将大有帮助。

 

 

8、  他加入我没意见。

 

 

9、  被父母抛弃是件令人痛心的事情。

 

 

10曾经被多次带去过那座城市使他对那里很熟悉。

 

11 英语没考及格令他苦恼了好一阵子。

 

 

㈢     不定式（不定式短语）作主语：表示一个具体的动作或一次性的动作。

现象：常用it作形式主语。

练习三：例句：To look after my pets properly takes a lot of time.

It is hard to know what the future holds.

翻译下列句子：

1、  与他交谈是件愉快的事情。

 

 

2、  一个人做点好事并不难。

 

 

不定式的逻辑主语通常用for sb。来表示。但，应记住表达感谢赞美或批评责备的

特殊句型：It is +表示人的品行的形容词

（kind/good/nice/wrong/careless/wise/unwise/foolish/polite/rude/impolite/clever/right/stupid/silly/thoughtful等）+ of + sb.+ to do sth.

D.翻译下列句子：

1、  她真蠢，犯这么多的错误。

 

 

2、  谢谢您帮我扛行李。

 

 

㈣     疑问词+不定式短语作主语

练习：

例句：Where to go has not been decided yet.

      When to start the project should be discussed at the meeting.

A.朗读2遍：

B.翻译下列句子：

1、  选择哪条路要看天气。

 

________ _________ ________ _________ depends on the weather.

2、  下一步该怎么做使这里每个人感到困惑。

 

_______ ______ _______ next puzzled everyone here.

㈤     主语从句作复合句的主语

如： That we should make full use of time is necessary.

常见现象：it 用作形式主语。It is necessary that we（should）make full use of time.

此外，用关联词that引导主语从句时，that不可省略。

 

练习：例句：What my father said really counts.（我父亲说过的话是起作用的。）

翻译下列句子：

1、地球绕太阳转是大家都知道的。

 

_______ _______ ________ _______ that ______ _______ _________ _________ the sun..

2、到底是真是假还是个问题。

 

It remains a question _________ it is true or not.

3、我所做的事都只是为了你。

 

  What _______ ________ was only for you.

4、我们所需要的是更多的训练。

 

______ we ________ is ________ ___________.

5、哪一个队会赢还说不准。

 

  ______ is hard to say __________ team will win.

6、会议在哪里开还没定下来。

 

  _______ we should ________ the meeting has not been decided yet.

10、难怪他取得了那么大的进步。

 

It is no wonder that he ________ _________（make）so much progress.

11、很可能明天会有一场暴雨。

 

  It is _________ that it is going to _______ a heavy storm.

12、据说他们正在国外学习。

 

 _______ is said ___________ they________ _________ abroad.

特殊句型：（主语从句中的虚拟语气）

1)It is + necessary/importnt/ strang / natural + that + 主语+ （should）+动词原形

造句：

It is important that we ___________________________________________（每天记英语单词）

2)It is+suggested/ advised/ ordered/ requested/ insisted/required +that+ 主语+ （should）+动词原形

造句：

It is suggested that you ___________________________（不要吃太多）

 

练习：

认真分析主语部分，用适当的词填空：

1、  It took a long time for the connection between body temperature and illness________（make）.

2、  __________（laugh）at is what I hate most.

3、  _________ to put the plan into pratice is the question.

4、  It is believed ________ if a book is interesing, it will surely interest the reader.

5、  ________ but doctors or nurses and ________ invited by Dr Hu is allowed to enter the ward.

6、  ________（true）and _________（honest）is the best policy.

7、  ________ is well prepared and _________ have arrived here, so we can start the meeting now.

8、  About _________（1/4）of the workers were Chinese Americans.

9、  _______ number of pages in this book is two hundred.

10、The ________（depart）was a well-known engineer.

11、________ was most important to her, she told me, was her family.

12、________ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.

13、________ is known to us all is that China is a developing country.

14、Tomorrow is Tim’s birthday. Have you got any idea _________ the party is to be held?

15、The news ________ our atheletes won another gold medal was reported in yesterday’paper.

16、It is none of your business________ other people think about you. Believe in yourself.

17、Actually, _________ works hard can be whatever they want to be, whether it is a pilot, an engineer or a manager.

18、________ is required _________ all the kids ________（stay）home in the night.

19、__________（not take）to the seaside for holiday made the boy annoyed.

20、_________（master）a foreign language calls for a great deal of memory work.

21、It was a waste of your breath _________（try）to persuade them. They will never listen.

22、_________ is no good ________（chat）in the lecture.

23、_________ is quite amusing __________（look）at other people play magic games.

24、_____________________（玛丽病了）made her parents upset all day long.

25、His trousers ________（be）black and white.

26、Now more than one child in the class ___________（选择了）Chinese as their foreign language course.