初次听说《战前星期天》这篇散文，是几年前在陆老师的英美散文课上。听陆师说自己钟爱这篇散文，并曾将其译为中文。后来我找来一读，果然是难得的散文佳作。英国散文，或者叫familiar essay，大体可以追溯到培根时期，其特点可以概括为十六个字，即“笔随心至，凸现自我，直抒胸臆，亦庄亦谐”。散文和诗歌一样，都是语言文字的精华所在，而且由于英式散文familiar的风格，常常能够使读者在领略语言之美的同时，在感情上也与作者产生强烈的共鸣。在英国文学史上，优美流畅含义隽永的散文俯拾皆是，成为一道独特的语言文字风景线。今天给大家推荐的一篇是英国散文作家，记者Arthur Clutton-Brock的名篇《战前星期天》。像这样的文章，尤其是程度好一些的同学，应该反复诵读，咀嚼其中蕴含的文字精华，直至铭记于心。还可以试着将其译为中文，然后和陆老师的佳译参照对比，找出差异，细心体会，这样对于学习语言翻译实在是大有裨益。

"Sunday Before The War"
By A. Clutton-Brock (1868-1924) 战前星期天

陆谷孙译

  On Sunday, in a remote valley in the West of England, where the people are few and scattered and placid, there was no more sign among them than among the quiet hills of the anxiety that holds the world.

  星期天，在英格兰西部一处居家稀少、民性平靖的幽远山谷，如在寂静的群山之中一样，全无世人忧心忡忡的迹象。They had no news and seemed to want none. 谷地的人们没有外部世界的消息，看来也不想打听。 The postmaster had been ordered to stay all day in his little post-office, and that was something unusual that interested them, but only because it affected the postmaster. 当地邮差接获通知，让他整日守着小小的邮电所。这是引人关注的不寻常事态，不过也只是因为事关邮差而已。

  It rained in the morning, but the afternoon was clear and glorious and shining, with all the distances revealed far into the heart of Wales and to the high ridges of the Welsh mountains. 早晨下了雨，午后放晴，阳光明媚，逶迤伸展到远处威尔士腹地以及威尔士山脉巍峨群峰的景致，全部呈现在眼前。The cottages of that valley are not gathered into villages, but two or three together or lonely among their fruit-trees on the hillside; and the cottagers who are always courteous and friendly, said a word or two as one went by, but just what they would have said on any other day and without any question about the war. 谷地的农舍并不集成村落，而是三两簇聚，要不就孤零零的，掩埋在山腰的果树丛中。农舍的住户从来都彬彬有礼，态度友善，见人走过，会说上一两句话，然而也只是任何寻常日子的家常话，全不问打仗的事。Indeed, they seemed to know, or to wish to know, as little about that as the earth itself, which, beautiful there at any time, seemed that afternoon to wear an extreme and pathetic beauty. 看来，对于战争，他们知之甚少，也不想了解更多，漠然宛若他们脚下的大地。 这儿的土地常年秀美，而在这天下午更是带上了一种极度的凄婉动人的美。The country, more than any other in England, has the secret of peace. 这片乡野，比起英格兰的任何乡野，更得和平的奥秘。It is not wild, though it looks into the wildness of Wales; but all its cultivation, its orchards and hopyards and fields of golden wheat, seem to have the beauty of time upon them, as if men there had long lived happily upon the earth with no desire for change nor fear of decay. 虽说面对威尔士荒原，这片乡野并非蛮荒，倒是以其耕作的成绩，以其果园、啤酒花藤栽培场和金黄色的麦田，显示出日月流逝留下的美，仿佛这儿的人长年以来一直在土地上幸福度日，既不期盼变更，也不畏惧衰亡It is not the sad beauty of a past cut off from the present, but a mellowness that the present inherits from the past; and in the mellowness all the hillside seems a garden to the spacious farmhouses and little cottages; each led up to by its own narrow, flowery lane. 这不是一种与现今隔绝的往昔的悲凉美，而是现今继承自往昔的一种醇美。就在这一片醇美之中，四周的山坡似乎成了宽敞农宅和玲珑农舍的家园，每座都由各自花色烂漫的小径引至门前。 There the meadows are all lawns with the lustrous green of spring even in August, and often over-shadowed by old, fruit-trees - cherry, or apple, or pear; and on Sunday after the rain there was an April glory and freshness added to the quiet of the later summer. 这儿的牧场全是精心整理的草地，即使在八月仍是一片春日的葱郁；不少地方更有裁培经年的樱桃、苹果和梨树等果树掩映。在这雨后的星期天，除了残夏特有的恬静，山野还透出一种四月的辉耀和新生气息。

  Nowhere and never in the world can there have been a deeper peace; and the bells from the little red church down by the river seemed to be the music of it, as the song of birds is the music of spring. 世间任何地方在任何时候都不可能领略比这儿更为深沉的和平。从山下河畔那座红砖小教堂传出的钟声，像是和平的主题音乐，正如啁啾鸟语是春天的音乐一样。There one saw how beautiful the life of man can be, and how men by the innocent labors of many generations can give to the earth a beauty it has never known in its wildness.  在这儿，你看到了人类生活可有多么美好，人类又如何以迭代的诚实劳动给土地带来一种土地在蛮荒时代从未领略到的美。 And all this peace, one knew, was threatened; and the threat came into one's mind as if it were a soundless message from over the great eastward plain; and with it the beauty seemed unsubstantial and strange, as if it were sinking away into the past, as if it were only a memory of childhood. 然而你也意识到，这儿的和平景象正遭到威胁。这威胁如同穿越向东延伸的大平原传来的无声讯息，随之，田野之美顿时变得虚空而诡奇，似乎正融入往昔而渐渐消失，渺远宛若童年的回忆。

  So it is always when the mind is troubled among happy things, and then one almost wishes they could share one's troubles and become more real with it. 置身幸福环境的人，在思想受到困扰的时候，总有这种体验。接着，他几乎会奢望幸福环境能分担他的困扰并在分担中变得更为真实。It seemed on that Sunday that a golden age had lasted till yesterday, and that the earth had still to learn the news of its ending在那个星期天，人们感到，一个黄金时代已在昨日宣告结束，而大地对这消息犹浑然不觉。. And this change had come, not by the will of God, not even by the will of man, but because some few men far away were afraid to be open and generous with each other. 这场变化之所以发生，不是上帝旨意使然，甚至也不是人类的意志使然，而是因为远在别处的少数人怯于开诚布公地善待同类。 There was a power in their hands so great that it frightened them. 他们手中握有足以令他们战栗的大权。There was a spring that they knew they must not touch, and, like mischievous and nervous children, they had touched it at last, and now all the world was to suffer for their mischief. 有一条他们知道不可去触动的弹簧，可是如同喜欢捣蛋又战战兢兢的孩子，他们毕竟去触动了，为了他们的淘气，如今全世界的人要受罪了。

  So the next morning one saw a reservist in his uniform saying goodbye to his wife and children at his cottage-gate and then walking up the hill that leads out of the valley with a cheerful smile still on his face. 于是，翌日早晨，人们看见一名预备役士兵穿上了制服，在农舍门口告别妻孥，爬山出谷去了，脸上仍挂着欣喜的笑容。There was the first open sign of trouble, a very little one, and he made the least of it; and, after all, this valley is very far from any possible war, and its harvest and its vintage of perry and cider will surely be gathered in peace. 那是出现麻烦的第一个朕兆，一点蛛丝马迹而已，当事人更是尽量不事张扬。归根到底，这片谷地远在可能燃起战火之外，这儿的一应作物以及用于今年酿酒的梨子和苹果都将在和平环境中收摘归仓。

But what happiness can there be in that peace, or what security in the mind of man, when the madness of war is let loose in so many other valleys? 但是，在这么一种和平中，有什么幸福可言;当战争和疯狂在其他许多山谷中自由逡巡之际，人的心态又怎能平安释然？ Here there is a beauty inherited from the past, and added to the earth by man's will; but the men here are of the same nature and subject to the same madness as those who are gathering to fight on the frontiers. 这儿存在一种往昔传下又被人的意志赋于大地的美，可是这儿的居民跟那些聚集在国境线上厮杀的士兵具有同样的人性，又为同样的疯狂所驱遣。We are all men with the same power of making and destroying, with the same divine foresight mocked by the same animal blindness. 我们都是人，具有同样的创造力量和毁灭力量，又都有神一般的远见卓识，只是这种识见时被共同的盲目兽性所嘲弄。We ourselves may not be in fault to-day, but it is human beings in no way different from us who are doing what we abhor and they abhor even while they do it. 今天，我们自己兴许并未做错事。然而，正在从事令我们厌憎不已的恶行的是一些同我们完全一样的人；这些恶行同样使他们自己即使在作恶的同时也感厌憎。There is a fate, coming from the beast in our own past, that the present man in us has not yet mastered, and for the moment that fate seems a malignity in the nature of the universe that mocks us even in the beauty of these lonely hills. 今人的人性尚未驯服早年原始人的兽性，正是这种兽性形成了某种必然性。眼下，宿命的必然性似乎正表现为存在于宇宙本原中的邪恶力量。纵然这儿的山景美奂美轮，邪恶力量正向我们发出嘲弄的狞笑。But it is not so, for we are not separate and indifferent like the beasts; and if one nation for the moment forgets our common humanity and its future, then another must take over that sacred charge and guard it without hatred or fear until the madness is passed. 但是，事情终究不是这样，因为我们不是各自为政又无动于衷的兽类。倘若一个民族暂时忘记了我们共同的人性以及人类的前途，那么另一个民族必须接过那神圣的使命，不怀仇恨也不抱恐惧地捍卫它，直至疯狂殒消。 May that be our task now, so that we may wage war only for the future peace of the world and with the lasting courage that needs no stimulant of hate.

但愿这一点成为今日我们的职责，以使我们只为世界的未来和平而作战，带着不需要由仇恨激化的永恒的勇气去作战。

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