《新概念英语》第二册第51课:Reward for virtue 对美德的奖赏

【课文】
First listen and then answer the question.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
Why did Hugh's diet not work?

My friend, Hugh, has always been fat, but things got so bad recently that he decided to go on a diet. He began his diet a week ago. First of all, he wrote out a long list of all the foods which were forbidden. The list included most of the things Hugh loves: butter, potatoes, rice, beer, milk, chocolate; and sweets. Yesterday I paid him a visit. I rang the bell and was not surprised to see that Hugh was still as fat as ever. He led me into his room and hurriedly hid a large parcel under his desk. It was obvious that he was very embarrassed. When I asked him what he was doing, he smiled guiltily and then put the parcel on the desk. He explained that his diet was so strict that he had to reward himself occasionally. Then he showed me the contents of the parcel. It contained five large bars of chocolate and three bags of sweets!
【课文翻译】
我的朋友休一直很胖，但是近来情况变得越发糟糕，以致他决定节食。他是一星期前开始节食的。首先，他开列了一张长长的单子，上面列了所有禁吃的食物。这张单子上的大多数食物都是休喜欢吃的：黄油、土豆、米饭、啤酒、牛奶、巧克力和糖果。昨天我去看望了他。我按响了门铃，当看到休仍和往常一样胖时，我并不感到惊奇。他把我领进屋，慌忙把一个大包藏到了桌子下面。显然他感到很尴尬。当我问他正干什么时，他内疚地笑了，然后把那个大包拿到了桌上。他解释说，他的饮食控制得太严格了，以致不得不偶尔奖赏自己一下。接着他给我看了包里的东西。里面装了5大块巧克力和3袋糖果！



【生词汇总】
reward n. 报偿
virtue n. 美德
diet n. 节食
forbid v. 禁止
hurriedly adv. 匆忙地
embarrass v. 使尴尬
guiltily adv. 内疚地
strictadj. 严格的
rewardv. 给奖赏
occasionallyadv. 偶尔地

【短语汇总】
go on a diet节食减肥
pay a visit拜访
first of all首先
write out写出



【知识点讲解】
1，so that与so……that的区别（ things got so bad recently that he decided to go on a diet）
连在一起的so that是目的状语从句的连接词之一，意思和in order that 完全一致，都表示“以便于……”“为了能够……”
例：I keep on a diet so that I can be slim again.我节食减肥目的是能够重新苗条起来。
分开来的so that可以看作是too…to句型的反义，表示“太……以至于……”
例：It is so hot that I have to stay at home all day long.天气太热了，以至于我一天都得呆在家里面。

2，定语从句连接词的省略（The list included most of the things Hugh loves）
定语从句的连接词包括:that,which,who,where,when,why,whose等，可以省略的有且仅有that一词，而且是有条件的——当它后面的那个从句成分上缺失宾语的时候才可以将其省略。
例：this is the cellphone that you gave me last year.可以省略为：this is the cellphone you gave me last year.后面的句子中，gave无宾语，即给的内容。

include和contain都有“包含”的意思，但contain可以用于表示所包含的全部事物；include则只表示其中的一部分。contain一定是容器里面装，include则含义更广，在这里不能用contain。
 It included three bags of sweets.
 Does the bill include a tip?
 We’re including you in our team.

3，Yesterday I paid him a visit.
pay sb. a visit     拜访某人

pay a visit to sb./someplace      拜访某人/某地.
Let's pay a visit to the exhibition this weekend.
我们这个周末去参观展览会吧!

4，I rang the bell and was not surprised to see that Hugh was still as fat as ever.

surprise用法汇总
首先，作名词的时候surprise重点记忆 to one's surprise这样一个短语，意思是“令人惊讶的是”。
作动词，surprise是及物动词，意思是让某人惊讶。
最重要的是surprise做形容词用，要进行两个变形：surprising和surprised，

ing形式的形容词意思统一是“令人觉得很惊讶”，

而后面的过去分词形式的形容词意思是“感觉到很惊讶”。

如：The news is surprising, and I am surprised.

5, Hugh was still as fat as ever

as……as句型用法汇总
首先，as……as中间插入形容词副词时表示和什么一样的意思，如：she is as diligent as you.她和你一样勤奋。
其次，as……as possible\you can的意思是“尽可能的……”。如：run as quickly as you can尽可能的跑快一点。
最后，as soon as是一个独立的短语，意思是“一……就……”，如：I arrived home as soon as it started to rain.天一开始下雨我就到家了。

【上期作业回顾】
翻译以下三个句子。
1  昨天雾太大，我迷路了。
→I lost my way because of the fog yesterday.
2  他在教室的前半部分坐着。
→He sits in the front of the classroom.
3  我喜欢草莓胜过喜欢芒果。
→I prefer strawberry to mango.
【课后作业】
翻译以下三个句子。
1  为了让自己更漂亮，我决定减肥。
2  他领我进了一家服装店。
3  你昨天是不是来过我家？