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【雅思写作秘籍】雅思大作文IBC构思法

(2016-07-28 11:08:56)
标签:

杂谈

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雅思大作文是很多同学的难点,好多烤鸭考了无数次,总卡在写作上。大作文提分是写作提分的关键,那么一篇好的大作文应该如何构思呢?简单的IBC构思法就能帮助你。

IBC很简单,就是大家知道的Introduction Body Paragraphs Conclustion. 它说明了一篇雅思大作文结构必备的要素,这三个关键要素都是不能少的。很多烤鸭明明清楚这一点,但是一到实际写作的时候就不知道该怎么做了。

接下来无忧小雅哥就结合无忧的一篇满分范文,来给大家详细说明怎么用IBC的结构,来构思一篇大作文。

我们来看一个例题:

2016.06.25 A类Task 2范文
Some people think that it is more important to spend public money on promoting healthy lifestyle in order to prevent illness than to spend it on the treatment of people who are already ill. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

1.   Introduction

Introduction段落的要点是:不要太长,不要照抄题目。

Introduction段落需要包含的内容有:

     陈述文章主题,一般来说列举基本事实或背景常识即可,通常可以通过paraphrase题目来完成。

     告诉读者,你接下来要写什么,也就是回答题目中的问题。在此例题中,Introduction段落你需要回答“To what extent do you agree ?”

下面我们来看看本题的范例Introduction:

The debate on whether prioritising the use of funds to promote healthy ways of living as a way to prevent disease or to spend it on treating those who are ill-stricken is a difficult one. (第一句通过改编题干,陈述背景事实) personally feel that whilst both are important, it would be better for future generations to promote health. (第二句陈述个人观点,虽然两个都很重要,这样就把接下来要写的内容讲清楚了。)

需要注意的是,在Introduction段落中,作者提到了两者都重要,那么说明接下来的内容是两者等同的,最好的分配方式就是promotion和treatment一段。如果作者的观点是虽然treatment 很重要,但promotion更重要,那么接下来的段落分配最好就是treatment一段,promotion两段,来凸显promotion为什么更重要。

一定要确保,你的Introduction段落,和主体段落的内容不要互相矛盾。

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2.   Body Paragraphs

主体段落一般建议2-3段,不能更少,也不要更多。如果你的主体部分只有一段话,那说明你的分段很有问题,分数肯定不会高;4段内容稍显太多,很可能会超过字数。

每段只陈述一个观点,且每段都要有至少1句话清楚的陈述此段的中心思想。每个段落的中心思想一般就是每段第一句话,千万不要让考官去“猜”你这段想写什么。

具体怎么做呢?我们来看看例题的范例答案吧:

On the one hand, expenditure to encourage the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle to avoid sickness can benefit the next generation. The Better Health Channel in Victoria, for instance, is a government-funded initiative that in the recent years have increasingly promoted the message of a balanced diet as well as sufficient exercise as a way to prevent illness. Schools around Victoria have “Better Health Channel” posters that promote healthy-living messages as well as the importance of immunisations against diseases like Chickenpox and Tetanus. As a result, children nowadays have more understanding of preventing illness and eating well.

这是body paragraphs的第一段,第一句话就清楚的陈述本段的中心思想是推广健康的生活方式能使下一代从中获益,即此段的中心思想,随后举例支持。

On the other hand, spending public money to treat those who are already sick is also the Government’s obligation for the wellbeing of its country’s citizens. As urbanisation and globalisation increases, so do the risks of attracting illness like cancer, diabetes and heart diseases. Medicare, for instance, is available to Australian permanent residents and citizens to have access to quality health care to treat these issues at a basic level. The absence of this would therefore result in a lot of terminally ill patients, many of whom can be potentially rehabilitated and saved.

第二段开始讲述treatment为什么同时也很重要,因为这是国家的责任。第一句话就陈述清楚本段的中心思想,接下来再进行具体的讲解。

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3.   Conclusion

Conclusion需要注意的是:

     一般1~2句话足矣。

     重新陈述本文的主要内容,也就是你自己的观点。一般来说可以通过改写Introduction最后一句话来做到,千万要注意不要自相矛盾。

     给出一个合理的建议或关于未来的预测。

大家不要把这项内容想的太过复杂,并不是说真的让你提出解决问题的建议,或者真的预测未来到底是什么情况。简单来说,如果在上文中你的观点是A比B更重要,那么你可以说未来我们需要更加关注A,就是这么简单粗暴。

我们通过具体例子来看一看。

In conclusion, personally believe from the above that whilst treating illnesses is a must, there is a limited capacity for governments to prolong the life of people, especially if they are terminally ill. (本题的结尾段落只有两句话,第一句作者重新陈述了一遍自己的观点。)It is thus more important to focus on prevention of illness for future generations to come. (第二句话,也是一句话提出对未来的推测。是不是很简单就结束了?)

最后小雅哥惯例祝大家早日和雅思分手~早日取得理想的分数!



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