朗费罗的完整人生观在《人生颂》及《潮起又潮落》中的体现

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
      To Live a Striving Life and Die a Clam Death
——Longfellow’s Whole View of Life in A Psalm
  of Life and The Tide Rises, The Tide Falls
 
I. Longfellow and His Poetic Works
1.1 Longfellow’s Life
Longfellow was born in Portland, Maine on February 27, 1807, the second son in a family of eight children. His mother, Zilpah Wadsworth, was the daughter of a Revolutionary War hero. His father, Stephen Longfellow, was a prominent Portland lawyer and later a member of Congress. Henry was a dreamy boy who loved to read. He heard sailors speaking Spanish, French and German in the Portland streets and liked stories set in foreign places: The Arabian Nights, Robinson Crusoe, and the plays of Shakespeare.
After graduating from Bowdoin College, Longfellow studied modern languages in Europe for three years, and then returned to Bowdoin to teach them. In 1831 he married Mary Storer Potter of Portland, a former classmate, and soon published his first book, a description of his travels called Outre Mer ("Overseas"). But in November 1835, during a second trip to Europe, Longfellow's life was shaken when his wife died of a miscarriage. The young teacher spent a grief-stricken year in Germany and Switzerland.
Longfellow took a position at Harvard in 1836. Three years later, at the age of 32, he published his first collection of poems, Voices of the Night, followed in 1841 by Ballads and Other Poems. Many of these poems showed people triumphing over adversity, and in a struggling young nation that theme was inspiring. Both books were very popular, but Longfellow's growing duties as a professor left him little time to write more. In addition, Frances Appleton, a young woman from Boston, had refused his proposal of marriage.
Frances finally accepted his proposal the following spring, ushering in the happiest 18 years of Longfellow's life. The couple had six children, five of whom lived to adulthood, and the marriage gave him new confidence. In 1847 he published Evangeline, a book-length poem about what we would call "ethnic cleansing"—when the British drive the French from Nova Scotia, two lovers are parted and only find each other years later when the man is about to die.
In 1854 Longfellow decided to quit teaching to devote all his time to poetry. He published Hiawatha, a long poem about Native American life, and The Courtship of Miles Standish and Other Poems. Both books were immensely successful, but Longfellow was now preoccupied with national events. With the country was moving towards civil war, he wrote Paul Revere's Ride, a call for courage in the coming conflict.
A few months after the war began in 1861, Frances Longfellow was sealing an envelope with wax when her dress caught fire. Despite her husband's desperate attempts to save her, she died the next day. Profoundly saddened, Longfellow published nothing for the next two years. He found comfort in his family and in reading Dante's Divine Comedy. (Later he produced its first American translation.) Tales of a Wayside Inn, largely written before his wife's death, was published in 1863.
When the Civil War ended in 1865, the poet was 58. His most important work was finished, but his fame kept growing. In London alone 24 different companies were publishing his work. His poems were popular throughout the English-speaking world, and they were widely translated, making him the most famous American of his day. His admirers included Lincoln, Dickens, and Baudelaire. From 1866 to 1880 Longfellow published seven more books of poetry, and his seventy-fifth birthday in 1882 was celebrated across the country. But his health was failing, and he died the following month, on March 24.
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow was a commanding figure in the cultural life of nineteenth-century America. He became a national literary figure by the 1850s and a world-famous personality by the time of his death in 1882. He was a traveler, a linguist, and a romantic who identified with the great traditions of European literature and thought. At the same time, he was rooted in American life and history, which charged his imagination with untried themes and made him ambitious for success.
1.2 Features of Longfellow’s Poetic Works
    Longfellow was the best-known American poet during the 19th century. His poetry has distinct characteristics. His poetical style is simple, sincere, and musical. The melody of his poetry is unsurpassed by that of other American authors. Longfellow’s long stay in European led to his mastery of several European languages and a broader knowledge of European literature than most other American literary figures, what’s more, this enabled him to embody in his poetry chief romantic tendencies as humanitarian attitude, love of beauty, love of nature and love for the past. Longfellow was popular because of his high-mindedness, his spiritual aspiration, his refinement of thought, his refinement of manners, and the gentleness, sweetness and purity of his poetry.  Longfellow’s style and subjects were conventional, especially in comparison with those of Whitman or modern writers. He wrote in traditional regular meters and feet and regular rhyming schemes. He wrote poetry as a bird sings, with natural grace and melody. Longfellow did not appeal, as more of his contemporary writers did, for the breaking of American literature from European literature. Usually he wrote about American subjects, but always in European styles. Longfellow wrote on obvious themes which appealed to all kinds of people. His poems were easily understood and they song their way into the consciousness of those who read them. Above all, there was joyousness in them, a spirit of optimism and faith in the goodness of life which evoked immediate response in the emotions of his readers. 　　

朗费罗的完整人生观在《人生颂》及《潮起又潮落》中的体现

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
      To Live a Striving Life and Die a Clam Death
——Longfellow’s Whole View of Life in A Psalm
  of Life and The Tide Rises, The Tide Falls
 
I. Longfellow and His Poetic Works
1.1 Longfellow’s Life
Longfellow was born in Portland, Maine on February 27, 1807, the second son in a family of eight children. His mother, Zilpah Wadsworth, was the daughter of a Revolutionary War hero. His father, Stephen Longfellow, was a prominent Portland lawyer and later a member of Congress. Henry was a dreamy boy who loved to read. He heard sailors speaking Spanish, French and German in the Portland streets and liked stories set in foreign places: The Arabian Nights, Robinson Crusoe, and the plays of Shakespeare.
After graduating from Bowdoin College, Longfellow studied modern languages in Europe for three years, and then returned to Bowdoin to teach them. In 1831 he married Mary Storer Potter of Portland, a former classmate, and soon published his first book, a description of his travels called Outre Mer ("Overseas"). But in November 1835, during a second trip to Europe, Longfellow's life was shaken when his wife died of a miscarriage. The young teacher spent a grief-stricken year in Germany and Switzerland.
Longfellow took a position at Harvard in 1836. Three years later, at the age of 32, he published his first collection of poems, Voices of the Night, followed in 1841 by Ballads and Other Poems. Many of these poems showed people triumphing over adversity, and in a struggling young nation that theme was inspiring. Both books were very popular, but Longfellow's growing duties as a professor left him little time to write more. In addition, Frances Appleton, a young woman from Boston, had refused his proposal of marriage.
Frances finally accepted his proposal the following spring, ushering in the happiest 18 years of Longfellow's life. The couple had six children, five of whom lived to adulthood, and the marriage gave him new confidence. In 1847 he published Evangeline, a book-length poem about what we would call "ethnic cleansing"—when the British drive the French from Nova Scotia, two lovers are parted and only find each other years later when the man is about to die.
In 1854 Longfellow decided to quit teaching to devote all his time to poetry. He published Hiawatha, a long poem about Native American life, and The Courtship of Miles Standish and Other Poems. Both books were immensely successful, but Longfellow was now preoccupied with national events. With the country was moving towards civil war, he wrote Paul Revere's Ride, a call for courage in the coming conflict.
A few months after the war began in 1861, Frances Longfellow was sealing an envelope with wax when her dress caught fire. Despite her husband's desperate attempts to save her, she died the next day. Profoundly saddened, Longfellow published nothing for the next two years. He found comfort in his family and in reading Dante's Divine Comedy. (Later he produced its first American translation.) Tales of a Wayside Inn, largely written before his wife's death, was published in 1863.
When the Civil War ended in 1865, the poet was 58. His most important work was finished, but his fame kept growing. In London alone 24 different companies were publishing his work. His poems were popular throughout the English-speaking world, and they were widely translated, making him the most famous American of his day. His admirers included Lincoln, Dickens, and Baudelaire. From 1866 to 1880 Longfellow published seven more books of poetry, and his seventy-fifth birthday in 1882 was celebrated across the country. But his health was failing, and he died the following month, on March 24.
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow was a commanding figure in the cultural life of nineteenth-century America. He became a national literary figure by the 1850s and a world-famous personality by the time of his death in 1882. He was a traveler, a linguist, and a romantic who identified with the great traditions of European literature and thought. At the same time, he was rooted in American life and history, which charged his imagination with untried themes and made him ambitious for success.
1.2 Features of Longfellow’s Poetic Works
    Longfellow was the best-known American poet during the 19th century. His poetry has distinct characteristics. His poetical style is simple, sincere, and musical. The melody of his poetry is unsurpassed by that of other American authors. Longfellow’s long stay in European led to his mastery of several European languages and a broader knowledge of European literature than most other American literary figures, what’s more, this enabled him to embody in his poetry chief romantic tendencies as humanitarian attitude, love of beauty, love of nature and love for the past. Longfellow was popular because of his high-mindedness, his spiritual aspiration, his refinement of thought, his refinement of manners, and the gentleness, sweetness and purity of his poetry.  Longfellow’s style and subjects were conventional, especially in comparison with those of Whitman or modern writers. He wrote in traditional regular meters and feet and regular rhyming schemes. He wrote poetry as a bird sings, with natural grace and melody. Longfellow did not appeal, as more of his contemporary writers did, for the breaking of American literature from European literature. Usually he wrote about American subjects, but always in European styles. Longfellow wrote on obvious themes which appealed to all kinds of people. His poems were easily understood and they song their way into the consciousness of those who read them. Above all, there was joyousness in them, a spirit of optimism and faith in the goodness of life which evoked immediate response in the emotions of his readers.