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杂谈 |
现在分词作定语时,一个单词应放在被修饰词的前边;现在分词短语则必须置于其后。例如:升起的太阳 the
rising sun;令人惊讶的消息 the surprising news;下一学年 the coming school
year;受苦的人民 the suffering people;放在桌子上的钱夹 the wallet lying on the
desk;站在树下的男孩 the boy standing under the tree;
现在分词作定语,意义上接近一个定语从句,表示一个正在进行的动作或者表示一个主动的动作。例如:
中国是一个发展中国家。China is a developing country China is a countrywhich is
developing. .
要去徒步旅游的学生在这里签名。Students wishing to go hiking should sign their
nameshere.
在候车室里我看见一个熟睡的女孩。I saw a sleeping girl in the waiting room.
I saw a girl who was sleeping in the waiting room.
正和校长谈话的那个人是汤姆的父亲。
The man talking with our headmaster is Tom’s father.
The man who is talking with our headmaster is Tom’sfather.
注意现在分词与不定式作定语的区别:
1 现在分词作定语,表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作。如:正在做关于污染报告的教授来自哈佛大学。The professor giving
a speech about pollution now is from Harvard University.
2 现在分词的被动语态(being过去分词)表示一个被动的、正在进行的动作。例如:正在建设的高速公路将直通新港码头。The
freeway being built now will lead to Xingang Seaport.
3 不定式(to 动词原形)作定语表示一个将来要发生的动作。如:
下一个要检查的病人正在外面等着。The patient to be examined next is waiting
outside.
注意:现在分词的完成式“having 过去分词”不能作定语,此时可以用一个定语从句代替。例如:
你了解昨天发生的事故吗?
Do you know anything about the accident having happened
yesterday.(x)
Do you know anything about the accident that happenedyesterday
.(v)