一 形容词：

1. 可作定语、表、补、壮等成分

 Thirsty and hungry, he went to a farmer's cottage to ask for something to eat. （状语）

 Frightened, he asked me to to with him.（状语）

2. 形容词的位置

 1） 一般位于被修饰的名词前

 They do expensive operation to give people new hearts.

 The moon is a natural satellite of the earth.

 2) 下列情况下后置

 A. 修饰合成不定代词

 I have something interesting to tell you.

 Nothing serious happened.

 B. 以a开头的形容词作定语

 Until recently, the only milu deer alive in the world belong to the Duke Bedford.

 The boy asleep is my brother.

若这类形容词有副词修饰，也可作前置定语

　the fast asleep children

  the wide awake patient.

 C. 形容词短语作定语要后置（相当于定语从句）

 I think he is a man suitable for the job.=I think he is a man who is suitable for the job.

 A man(who is ) difficult to please must be hard to work with.

 D. 成对的形容词可后置

 There was a huge cupboard, simple and beautiful.

 She has many pencils, blue or red.

3) enough 修饰形容词要后置，修饰名词前后均可

 The boy is not old enough to join the Army.

 I have enough food.

 I have books enough.

4) 前置形容词的排列顺序

 限（冠词/物主代词/指示代词/不定代词)/数词/描绘性/大小（尺寸）/形状/新旧/年龄/颜色/国籍（出处）/材料（质地）

 that beautiful little yellow flower

 a small round wooden table

3. 名词化形容词 the+adj.

1) 泛指一类人，若作主语，视为复数

 The sick were well taken care of.

 The wounded were sent home.

2) 指抽象事物，若作主语，视为单数

 The true is to be distinguished from the false.真伪要辩明

 The beautiful never dies

4. 由分词转化来的形容词

 interesting/ed, disappoingting/ed, exciting/ed, astonishing/ed, puzzling/ed, pleasing/ed, worrying/ed, surprising/ed, tiring/ed,discouraging/ed, satisfying/ed,frighting,frightened, boring/bored,

delighted, devoted(这两个不成对)

以上形容词仍有一定动词含义,ing往往具有主动含义,意思是"使/令人...", ed 则具有被动含义.

 His pussled look made me very angry.

 The exciting news made everyone of us very excited.

 None of the banks I spoke to were interested. 没有一家找过的银行我感兴趣。

 He was pleased at our arrival.

5. 以ly结尾的形容词

 friendly/likely/costly/lively/lovely/monthly/orderly整齐的/brotherly/deadly/daily/weekly

二 副词（修饰动词、形容词、副词及全句）

1 分类：时间、地点、程度、疑问副词、关系副词、连接副词、方式副词（共7种）

2 作用：作状语、表、定、介词宾语、宾语补足语。

  He studied very hard.

 The meeting is over.

 He must be off.

 The room upstairs is mine.

 Life here is full of joy.

 He walked out from behind.

 A number of students returned from abroad.

 Show him in.

 Throw it out.

注意：常作后置定语的副词 有： above/below/here/there/nearly/nearby/around/ahead/abroad/home/upstairs/downstairs

3 兼有两种形式的（形容词/副词）副词

1）close 近 （亲密的adj)/closely 仔细地，密切地

 He lives close to the station.

 Watch him closely.

2) late晚，迟/lately最近

 You've come too late.

 What have you been doing lately.

3) deep空间深度/deeply情感深度

 The dived deep in the sea.

 I was deeply moved by his words.

4)high空间高度/highly抽象“程度”、高度地

 The plane was flying high.

 He thought highly of your opinion.

5) wide空间宽度/widely抽象“广泛地”

 He opened the window wide.

 English is widely used in the world.

4. 同形的形容词和副词

fast/hard/far/straight/early/enough/long/clean(干净的，彻底地）

 He is a hard worker.

 He works hard.

 I want a clean sheet.

 I clean forgot about it.（全然忘记...）

 Have you enough time to do the work?

 He didn't try hard enough.

三 形容词和副词的比较等级

 1 “和...一样"， "不如/及..." ，用(not) as(so)+原级+as...

  上下文清楚的情况下，as从句可以全部省略

 To make much progress like him, one must study as hard (as he does).

 注意1： as...as 中间 1）as +adj+a(n)+ 单数名词+as

                   2) as + many+ 复数名词+as

                   3) as + much +不可数+as

 He is as brave a man as his elder brother.

 He became interested in physics and read as many books as he could.

 I haven't make as much as progress as I could.

注意2:表示“是...的多少倍”用“倍数+as+原级+as从句”

 The USA hasmore than 13 times as many people as Australia.

 He can read twice as fast as I.

   表示“A是B的几倍”：A is +倍数+the+名词+of B“

 A is three times the size/height/length/width of B.

 A is +倍数+as big/high/long wide as B.

   表示A比B大/长/高/宽 几倍：A is +倍数+larger/longer/higher/wider than B.

2 比较级的其他用法

 1） 原级比较  as+原级+as     not as/so+原级+as

 2) 修饰比较级表程度或数量的状语：much/a little/a bit/a great(good) deal/a lot/far (这些表不定度量）

    若表确定度量用：数词+名词

    表“更加”用：even/still/rather/yet/rather/no/any

  I saw that a little further up the road the traffi lights had turned red.

  He worked still harder for the freedom of the slaves.

  The situation got even worse.

  You can't go any further.

  You can go no further.

 3) 比较级表最高级含义的几个句型：

   a. 比较级+than any other+单数名词（主语在范围内）

   b.比较级+than any+单数名词 （主语不在范围内）

  c.比较级+than anyone/anything else

  d.比较级+than all/any of the others

  Bob is taller than any other student in his class.

  Bob is taller than any student in his class.

  Bob is taller than anyone else in his class

  Bob is taller than any of the others in his class.

 New York is bigger than any city in Europe.

 Zhou Lan had gained more points than anyone else.

 Tom works harder than all/any of the others.

4.）越来越”：比较级+and+比较级 或 more and more+原级

  Things are getting better and better every day.

  Our country has become more and more powerful.

5）“越...，越...

  The lighter ,the better.

  The hardershe worked, the more porgress she made.

6.）+比较级+than  表示比较的双方都不...

  He is no richer than I.

  He is not richer than I.（他没我有钱）

 I have no more than five yuan.(只有）

 I have not more than five yuan.(不到）

3 修饰最高级的词： much/by far/about/almost/nearly/by no means /以及序数词

  African is the second largest continent.

  She is by far the most active student in our class.

  He is about the tallest boy in our class.

  This is by no means the best choice.

  Of the three boys Bob is almost/nearly the cleverest.

 若most+ 形容词，无比较的范围，则不用最高级，其中most表程度，相当于very

  It's a most useful book.

  They are most interesting books.

 若形容词最高级前有物主代词，则不用the

  China's biggest city is Shanghai.

 Fishing is his lastest hobby.

 表比较级的其他手段

 1） 用equal(ly),same,enough表as...as

  No one's finger are equally long.

 They are of the same age.

 It's clear enough.

 2) 用too+原级或原级+for 短语表比较级

  It's too wide.

 He is tall for his age.

 3)仅仅用原级比较

  You are five minutes late.

 形容词和副词专练一

1.Here is a ____box.

  A. wooden small round B. round wooden small C. small wooden round D. small round wooden

2. The road was ____for us all to pass side by side.

  A. too wide B. so wide C. wide enough D. enough wide

3. There was no news;____, she did not give up hope.

  A. however B. but C. therefore D. moreover

4.--Do you regret paying fifty dollars for the dog?

  --No, I would gladly pay____for him.

  A. twice as much B. much as twice C. twice as much as D. as much twice

5. Helen wouldn't be praised until what se did was as ____ a normal person.

  A. good as B. well as C. well as that of D. good as that of

6. Tom is ____, if not taller than, John.

  A. as tall as B. as tall C. taller than D. so tall as

7. These plastic flowers look so ____that many people think they are real.

  A. fresh B. natural C. similar D. normal

8.--Are you going to the football match?

  --No, the ticket is ____expensive for me.

  A. very much B. so much C. far too D. highly

9. The film was ____than I had expected.

  A. by far the best B. very better C. more better D. far better

10. I got to the airport____than the otheres.

  A. early 30 minutes B. earlier 30 minutes C. 30 minutes early D. 30 minutes earlier

11. Towards the top of the mountain the cliff was easier to climb though ____steeper.

  A. hardly B. fairly C. rather D. very

12. He is ____clever of them all.

  A. much the most B. the much most C. very the most D. the far most

13. Jonh is ____ of the two boys.

  A. taller B. more taller C. the taller D. a taller

14. Which do you like ____, coffee,tea,or juice?

  A. very much B. better C. best D .the better

15.--The ship is ____ at four, isn't it?

   --Yes, shall we meet the guests at the harbour?

  A. due B. likely to leave C. probable to arrive D. leaving

16.--If you don't like the red coat, take the blue one.

   --Ok, but do you have____size in blue? This one's a bit tight for me.

  A. a big B. a bigger C. the big D. the bigger.

17.We will have ____ harvest as we did last year.

  A. so a rich B. as a rich C. so rich a D. as rich a

18. Frank plays ____better than Bruce.

  A. a lot more B. much more C. a lot D. a lot of

19. The taller the tree is to grow,____.

  A. the greater value is B. the value is greater C. the greater the value is D. the greater is the value

20. What he said sounds ____.

  A. nicely B. pleasantly C. friendly D. wonderfully

21. He was hit by a car but luckily he was only ____injured.

  A. little B. nearly  C. barely D. heavily

22.--Is the paint on the floor dry?

    --It ____ has to dry for another day or two.

  A. even B. yet C. already D. still

23. It takes a long time to go there by train; it's by road.

  A. quick B. the quickest C. much quick D quicker

24. ____ moved by what he had said, she lay there thinking____ into the night.

  A. Deeply, deep B. Deep, deeply C. Deeply, deeply D. Deep, deep

25. He is ____ here as he was at home.

  A. almost as happy  B. as happy almost C. as almost happy D. almost happy as

26.--The weather's better today, isn't it?

    --yes, it's not____.

  A. as colder B. as cold C. much cold D. much colder

27. Old Tom is very fit. He's just five miles and he's not____ out of breath.

  A. already B. still C. indeed D. even

28.--What do people wear when they go to the theatre?

    --Well, it isn't very ____. People can wear anything they like.

  A. formal B. simple C. certain D. modern

29.--Are you feeling ____?

    --yes, I'm fine now.

  A. any well B. any better  C. quite good D. quite better

30. Canada is larger than ____ country in North America.

  A. any B. any other C. other D. another

31. I was so tired that I could hardly keep my eyes ____.

  A. open B. opened C. to be open D. opening

32.--Can I help you?

    --Well, I'm afraid the package is ____ heavy for you, but thank you all the same.

  A. so B. much C. very D. too

33. We decided not to have a picnic because it was blowing____.

  A. badly B. hardly C. hard D. heavily

34.--How ____ do you write to your friend?

    --Once a month.

  A. long B. soon C. rapid D. often

35.--Are you satisfied with the gift?

    --Yes. It couldn't have been ____.

  A. worse B. better C. best D. good

36. It's believed that____you work, ____result you'll get.

  A. the more hard, the more better B. the harder, a better C. more hard, more better  D. the harder, the better

37. We'll try to finish doing this experiment with____ workers and ____ money.

  A. few, little C. fewer, less C. a few, a little D. more, more

38.--____will your friend be back?

    --In a week.

  A. How often B. How soon C. How long D. How far

39.--Do you want another cake?

    --No, thank you,____.

  A. I still have got some left B. I still have some ones C. I've still got some left D. I have still some ones

4o. We ____ like to stay in and watch television.

  A. most B. almost C. mearly D. mostly

41. I don't know the ____ income of thr famiy, but I do know it is very small.

  A. true B. real C. actual D. exactly

42. Although Linda tried hard in the exam, she did ____than her brother.

  A. more badly B. much better C. much badly D. much worse

43. Paper produced every year is ____the world's production of vehicles.

  A. the three times weight of C. three times the weight of C. as three times heavy as D. three times as heavier as

44. It's a ____ difficult question, so it's ____impossible for me to answer it.

  A. rather, quite B. very, fairly C. too, quite D. so , rather

45. How beautifully she sings. I've never heard ____voice.

  A. the better B. a best C. the best D. a better

形容词和副词专练二

1. Last night I had a terrible cold and ached all____.

  A. the way B. over C. at once D. the worst

2. Their cheerful voices showed that they were having a ____ discussion.

  A. noisy B. serious C. complete D. friendly

3. We are all going to the games.Why don't you come____?

  A. up B. across C. along D. to

4. If you are____ about Australian cities, just read the book written by Dr. Johnson.

  A. interested B. anxious C. upset D. curious

5. She is ____ to leave as soon as possible.

  A. hurried B. anxious C. worried D. nervous

6. If the manager had to choose between the two, he would say John was ____ choice.

  A. good B. the best C. better D. the better

7. It was ____ late to catch a bus after the party; therefore we called a taxi.

  A. too very B. much too C. too much D. far

8. We waited____ for the bus.

  A. long time B. a long time C. the long time D. some long time

9. If I had ____, I'd visit Europe, stopping at all the small interesting places.

  A. a long enough holiday B. an enough long holiday C. a holiday enough long D. a long holiday enough

10. Professor White has written some short stories, but he is ____ known for his plays.

  A. the best B. more C. better D. the most

11. ____ to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skill.

  A. Brave enough students B. Enough brave students C. Students brave enough D. Students enough brave

12. It's always difficult being in a foreign country, ____ if you don't speak the language.

  A. extremely B. naturally  C. basically D. especially

13. Many people have helped with canned food, however, the food bank needs ____ for the poor.

  A. more B. much C. many D. most

14. I am surprised that you should have been fooled by such a ____trick.

  A. ordinary B. easy C. smart D. simple

15. It is generallly believed that teacing is ____ it is a science.

  A. an art much as B. much an art as C. as an art much as D. as much an art as

16.--I'm very ____ with my own cooking . It looks nice and smells delicious.

    --Mm, it does have a ____ smell.

  A. pleasant, pleased C. pleased, pleased D. pleased , pleasant

17. Two middle-aged passengers fell into the sea.____, neither of them could swim.

  A. In fact B. Luckily C. Unfortunately D. Naturally

18. Boris has brains. In fact, I doubt whether anyone in the class has ____IQ.

  A. a high B. a higher C. the higher D. the highest

19. Allen had to call a taxi because the box was ____ to carry all the way home.

  A. much too heavy B. too much heavy C. heavy too much D. too heavy much

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