过去分词,不定式和现在分词作宾补的区别
(2015-09-11 17:40:28)
标签:
过去分词现在分词不定 |
分类: 动词;语态 |
过去分词与不定式和现在分词作宾补的区别
过去分词作宾语补足语的最大特点是过去分词与其前用作宾语的词语具有被动关系。
如:
I felt a great weight taken off my
mind.
有些动词除可接过去分词作宾语补足语外,还可以接不定式和现在分词作宾语补足语,如果不定式和现在分词用被动式,那么它们也与其前用作宾语的词语具有被动关系,同学们知道它们的区别吗?
过去分词与不定式的被动式都可用作宾语补足语,其细微区别是:用过去分词更侧重完成意味,用不定式的被动式更侧重将来意味。但在多数情况下,这种区别并不明显。
如:
We preferred the house (to be) painted
white.
We want the work (to be) finished by
Saturday.
但是,需要说明的是,并不是所有可以接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词都可以接不定式作宾补的,反过来,也不是所有可以接不定式作宾语补足语的动词都可以接过去分词作宾补的。
比如:
They kept all the doors
locked.
I think you can have the book sent to
me.
The boss warned the box not to be taken
out.
过去分词与现在分词的被动式都可用作宾语补足语,其细微区别是:用过去分词更侧重完成意味,用现在分词的被动式更侧重进行或持续意味。
比较:
I saw him taken away by the
police.
I saw her being taken to the operating
room.
再比较:
We found him greatly
changed.
She found herself being warmly welcomed
everywhere.
【边学边练】用所给动词的适当形式填空:
1. When we got there, we found the door ________
(lock).
2. I don’t want my daughter ________ (take) out after
dark.
3. I have
heard the boy ________ (criticize) many
times.
4. I don’t speak good French, but I can make myself ________
(understand).
5. We’ll keep you ________ (inform) of what’s going on
here.