过去分词做宾语补足语用法
(2015-09-08 17:21:12)
标签:
祈福正东方教育过去分词分词做宾补 |
分类: 动词;语态 |
过去分词作宾补用法归纳
英语中过去分词可作宾补,(此时的过去分词一般是及物动词)表被动意义或完成意义,有时两者兼而有之。做宾补的
过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系,即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。如:
She found the door broken in when she came back.
(宾补与宾语有被动的关系,表一种状态。)
一.过去分词用在表状态的动词keep,
leave等的后面。
eg: They kept the door locked for a long
time.
Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open.
(
Don't leave such an important thing undone.
Don't leave the windows broken like this all the
time.
二.过分词用在get, have, make等使役动词的宾语后面作宾语补足语。例如:
。
1. 注意“have
+宾语+过去分词”的两种情况:
A)表"让某人做某事/让某事(被人)做"
eg: He had his house damaged in the storm.
他的房子被暴风雨毁坏了。
The villagers had many trees planted just
then.
B)
eg: I had my wallet stolen on a bus last
month.
The old man had his leg broken in the
accident.
He had his leg broken in the match yesterday.
2.
"make+
They managed to make themselves understood in very simple
English.
I raised my voice to make myself heard.
三、过去分词用在感观动词watch, notice, see, hear, listen to, feel, find等表示感觉和心理状态的动词的宾语后面作宾语补足语。例如:
Mr Zhang felt his face lost before his friends. 张先生觉得他在朋友面前丢面子了。
When we
got to school, we saw the door locked.
We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain
drops.
He felt himself cheated.
The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see carried
out the next year. (NMET2000)
四、过去分词用在want, wish, like
,expect等表示“希望,愿望”这一类动词后面做宾补。如
I wish the office painted white before I move in.
我希望办公室粉刷后再搬进去。
The boss
wouldn't like the problem discussed at the
moment.
I would like my house painted white.
I want the suit made to his own measure.
I wish the problem settled.
五、过去分词用在“with
+宾语+宾补”这一结构中,过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。如:
With everything well arranged, he left the office.
一切都安排妥当以后,他离开了办公室。
The thief
was brought in with his hands tied behind his
back.
With many brightly-colored flowers planted around the building ,his
house looks like a beautiful garden.
With everything well arranged, he left the
office.
六、过去分词、现在分词、和不定式作宾补的区别。
现在分词作宾补:宾语和补语之间是主谓关系。其动作与谓语动作同时进行。
过去分词作宾补:宾语和补语之间是动宾关系。其动作先于谓语动作。
不定式作宾补: 表一个完成的动作、或表一个很短时间内看到、听到或感觉到的具体动作。
eg: He didn't notice me waiting.
I heard the song sung in English.
I saw him opening the window.
I saw the window opened.
I saw him open the window.
I heard her sing the song in
English.
七.过去分词作宾补时,要注意几种情况。
1. 使役动词have接过去分词作宾补有两种情况。
第一,过去分词所表示的动作由他人完成。如:He had his money stolen.他的钱给偷了。(被别人偷去了)
第二,过去分词所表示的动作由句中的主语所经历。如:He had his leg broken.他的腿断了。(自己的经历)
2. 过去分词在原句中作宾补时,如果原句变为被动语态,那么过去分词就在新句中作主补了。如:The big fire is reported controlled.据报道这场大火已经得到控制。The meeting room was found thouroughly cleaned and everything arranged in good order.人们发现会议室被彻底打扫了,一切都布置得井井有条。
专项训练1:
1. ___ poor at English, I'm afraid I can't make myself
___.
A.
B.
C.
D.
2. I have had my bike ___ ,and I'm going to have somebody ___ my
radio tomorrow.
A.
B.
repairing; to be repaired
C. repaired; repair
D. to
repair; repairing
3. You must get the work ___ before Friday.
A.
do
4. ___ the room, the nurse found the tape-recorder
___.
A. Entering;
stealing
B.
Entering; gone
C. To have entered; being stolen
D. Having
entered; to be stolen
5. We are pleased to see the problem ___ so
quickly.
A. settled
B. having been settled
C. be settled
D.
settling
6. Mrs.
7. It is wise to have some money ___ for old age. (NMET1996)
(put
away 放好, 储存. . . 备用,
处理掉, 放弃, 抛弃)
8. I don't want the children ___ out in such
weather.
A. take
9. I'm afraid that I can't make myself ___ be cause of my poor
English.
A.
understand
C. to
understand
10. The murderer was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his
back.
A. being
tied
C. to be
tied
专项训练2:
1. We found her greatly ___.
A.
improving
C. to
help
2. Jane got her bad tooth ___ at the
dentist's.
A. to put
in
C. pushed
out
3. When ____ ,the museum will be open to the public next year.
(
A. completed
4. With a lot of difficulties ___ ,they went to the seashore and
had a good rest.
A. settled
C. to
settle
5. The research is so designed that once ___ nothing can be done to
change it. (NMET2002)
A. begins
C.
beginning
( once
begun
在句中作状语,begin为及物动词:“着手”)
6. ___ ,they went home,___.
A. Their work had been finished; singing and laughing
B. They had finished their work; sang and
laughed
C. Their work finished ;singing and laughing
D. after their work finished; singing and laughing
7. Before he came to London, he had never heard a single English
word ___
A. speaking
C. spoken
8. ____ more attention, the trees could have grown
better.
A. Given
C. Giving
9. ___ from space, the earth with water ___70
A. Seen ;covered
B. Being
seen; covers
C. Seeing;
covering
D. Seen;
covering
10. ____,the experiment will be successful.
A. If carefully doing
B. If it
done carefully
C. If
carefully done
D. If
doing carefully
11. The girl wrote a composition without
___.
A. ask
C. being
asked
12. He finished his homework and then went on
___me.
A. helping
C. with
helping
13. ___where to go ,he asked a policeman.
A. Having lost his way and not knowing
B. Losing his way and didn't know
C. Having lost his way and didn't know
D. Lost his way and didn't know
14. ____ her friend was badly hurt, she burst into
tears.
A. Hearing
C. To hear
15. ____ his team had won, his face lit up at
once.
A. Knowing
C. After
knowing
专项训练3:
1. They hurried back home only to find their house ___
into.
A. break
C. broken
2. When he came to, he found himself ___ on a chair, with his hands
___ back.
A. to sit; tied
C. sat;
tied
3. We do not feel ___ to enter modern buildings; everything about
them seems unfriendly.
A. invited
C. to
invite
(feel
4. I'm going to have my letters ____ tomorrow if I've got them
ready by then.
5. Every great culture in the past had its own ideas of beauty ___
in art and literature.
A. expressed
B. to
express
C. being
expressed
D. to be expressed
答案:
专项训练1:1-10
DCDBA CACDD
专项训练2::1-15 BBAAD DDADC
CDDAD
专项训练3::1-5
CDACA
从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入句中空白处的最佳答案。
1. The
teachers discussed the plan that they would like to
see
A. being
carried out
C. carried
out
2. We
should keep them
A.
informing
C. to
inform
3. The manager asked me whether I knew the man with
his hair
A. tied
C. to
cut
4. Many towns and villages had their water
supply
A. cutting
in
C. cut off
5. Without
the job
A.
finishing
C. to
finish
6. He was
disappointed to find his suggestion
A. being
turned
C. to be
turned
7. Jackson
didn't get his bicycle
A. to
repair;
repaired
B. to repair; to be repaired
C. to be
repaired; to
repair
D. repaired; to repair
8. The
manager said that no matter what happened,
he
A. would
have;
finished
B. would have; finish
C. might
have;
end
D. would have; do
参考答案: 1—5 CBACB 6—8 BDA