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surprise的用法

(2012-01-28 15:10:47)
标签:

杂谈

分类: 习惯表达高频词汇

surprise的用法  


surprise是一个常用词,它既可用作名词,也可用作动词。现将其用法归纳如下:


【焦点一】surprise用作名词时,其含义是使人一愣。这种吃惊可能包含着高兴也可能包含害怕或忧虑。


(1)通常用作抽象名词,不可数。意为“惊奇;惊异”。例如:


Her face showed surprise at the news. 听到这个消息她脸上露出了惊奇。


(2)也可以具体化而变为可数名词。意为“惊奇;惊讶;意外的事;吃惊的事”。例如:


He gave me a surprise by arriving early. 他的早到使我大吃一惊。


【焦点二】 surprise用作动词时,后接某人作宾语,意为“使……惊奇;使……震惊”。例如:


The news greatly surprised us. 这条消息使我们大为惊讶。


【焦点三】 surprise 用法大比拼 (短语句型归纳)


(1) to one's surprise或 或 to the surprise of sb意为“使某人吃惊的是……”它对全句进行解释或说明,表示说话人对上文的看法或态度,一般放在句首。例如:


To our surprise,the boy won the prize. 使我们惊奇的是这个男孩获奖了。


注:有时为了强调产生某种情感的程度,可在to后面的名词前加great, deep等形容词或在to前加副词much。如:
To their great joy, the sailors saw land at last.
水手们终于见到陆地了,他们兴奋不已。
Much to my surprise, she failed in the examination.
使我非常奇怪的是,她考试没及格。
To my surprise, the door was unlocked.使我吃惊的是,门没有锁。
to my surprise = to the surprise of me = much to my surprise
(2) in surprise 意为“惊奇地;吃惊地”它修饰谓语动词。(侧重于主动,即主语处于吃惊的一种状态 )
例如:



“How did you come here?” she said in surprise. “你怎么到这儿来的?”她惊讶地说。


(3)by surpise出其不意地 (侧重于被动,即别人做了某事使另外一个人吃惊 )
(4) be surprised (可单独使用)或 be surpised to do sth.
例如:



When I received his letter,I was very surprised. 当我收到他的信时很吃惊。


She was surprised to find her handbag missing. 
 (5)surprise sb.让某人感到吃惊



(6)take…by surprise意为使……吃惊,使……出其不意,对……进行突然袭击等。如:
I took him by surprise and he had no time to think of an excuse.
我(的询问)使他出乎意料,他没有时间想出借口。
She was so taken by surprise at his rudeness that she burst into tears.
她对他的粗鲁行为毫无思想准备,以至突然哭了起来。
The enemy took the town by surprise. 敌军对该城实行突然攻击。
He took her by surprise.She hadn't expected him.他使她大吃一惊,她没有想到他会来。
Their visit took me by surprise.他们的造访使我大吃一惊。



(7) be surprised at 对……感到惊奇
表示某种情绪、心情的起因时,常用at…这一介词短语,表示“听到…”或“看到…”而…
We were surprised at his arrival(到达).
The child was frightened at the noise .
The teacher was glad at our progress.
I am surprised at you . 我对你的举动感到诧异。(系表结构)
(8)
be surprised that + 从句
I was surprised that these houses stay up for such a long time.




 
 
 
一\surprise是vt.&n.使吃惊;惊奇  
 1、in surpise惊奇地  
 2、by surpise出其不意地   
3、to one's surpise使人吃惊的是   
二\surpised是adj.吃惊的   
如:be surpised to do sth.   
三\surprising也是形容词,使人吃惊的(与surprised的区别是surprising对象是物体本身令人吃惊,是物体的属性)     
说到 surprise ,大家可要留心了。
 surprise 在英语中是个常用词,而且是个兼类词,既可以作动词,还可以作名词,用法多着呢。     
( 1 )作及物动词的 surprise ,其基本含义是“使(人)感到惊讶”,后面可以直接跟宾语。如:     His progress surprise me. 他的进步使我感到惊讶。     
( 2 )特别值得一提的是, surprise 的现在分词 surprising 和过去分词 surprised 都可以作形容词,只不过 surprising 在句中多作定语,后面跟名词,如:     He gave me some surprising news. 他给我带来一些令人惊讶的消息。     surprising 有时也作表语,但主语多是物,如:     The result is surprising. 结果是令人惊讶的。     而 surprised 在句中多作表语,后面可接不定式或从句,其主语多是人,如:     I was surprised to see him there. 我真想不到会在那儿见到他。     如果我们想把 surprising 和 surprised 区分开来,大家不妨记住这个句子:     We are surprised at his surprising success. 我们对他惊人的成功感到惊讶。     
( 3 )我们再看看 surprise 作名词,其含义是“惊奇;诧异”。     
需注意的是 surprise 作名词时,常和不同的介词一起构成介词短语,
如: in surprise, to one's surprise, 前者意为“惊讶地;吃惊地”,后者意为“使人惊讶的是……”。两者在句中都是介词短语作状语,如:    
 Tom looked at me in surprise. 汤姆惊讶地望着我。     
看, surprise 的用法不少吧。熟悉了 surprise 的各种用法后,你一定不会对它感到“惊讶”了吧!       
surprise:vt.使吃惊;惊奇  
 n.惊奇   vt:surprise sb.   n: in surprise ;to one's surprise;a big   surprie   
词组   to one's surprise使某人惊奇的是   
surprise sb.让某人感到吃惊   
in surpise惊奇地 侧重于主动,即主语处于吃惊的一种状态  
 by surpise出其不意地 侧重于被动,即别人做了某事使另外一个人吃惊   
be surpised to do sth.   
surpised adj.吃惊的   
surprising adj.使人吃惊的(与surprised的区别是surprising对象是物体本身令人吃惊,是物体的属性) 

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