加载中…各国基尼系数的比较
(2016-11-21 02:29:13)
标签：
基尼系数财经 |
分类： 经济 |
摘要：2015年，中国的基尼系数0.462低于美国的0.479。2012年，中国的财富基尼系数0.73低于美国的0.804。
基尼系数是这几年很多人关心的问题，但往往数据不准或不全。这里收集汇总一些相关数据，以便网友研究使用。
首先，通常说的基尼系数是指纳税和福利救济等之前收入的基尼系数。其他还有财富基尼系数、教育基尼系数等，都需要特别说明，不可混淆。
国家统计局发布的中国的基尼系数如下。
| 年份 | 基尼系数（%） |
| 2015 | 46.2 |
| 2014 | 46.9 |
| 2013 | 47.3 |
| 2012 | 47.4 |
| 2011 | 47.7 |
| 2010 | 48.1 |
| 2009 | 49.0 |
| 2008 | 49.1 |
| 2007 | 48.4 |
| 2006 | 48.7 |
| 2005 | 48.5 |
| 2004 | 47.3 |
| 2003 | 47.9 |
美国统计局发布的美国基尼系数如下。
| 年份 | 基尼系数 |
| 2015 | 0.479 |
| 2014 | 0.480 |
| 2013 | 0.482 |
| 2013 | 0.476 |
| 2012 | 0.477 |
| 2011 | 0.477 |
| 2010 | 0.470 |
| 2009 | 0.468 |
| 2008 | 0.466 |
| 2007 | 0.463 |
| 2006 | 0.470 |
| 2005 | 0.469 |
| 2004 | 0.466 |
| 2003 | 0.464 |
| 2002 | 0.462 |
| 2001 | 0.466 |
| 2000 | 0.462 |
世界银行发布的各国基尼系数如下。世界银行的数字低于中国和美国统计局发布的数字，可能是考虑了纳税因素。仅供参考。
|
国家
|
基尼系数（%） | 年份 |
| Afghanistan | 27.8 | 2008 |
| Albania | 29.0 | 2012 |
| Algeria | 35.3 | 1995 |
| Angola | 42.7 | 2008 |
| Argentina | 42.3 | 2013 |
| Armenia | 31.5 | 2013 |
| Australia | 34.9 | 2010 |
| Austria | 30.5 | 2012 |
| Azerbaijan | 33.7 | 2008 |
| Bahrain | ||
| Bangladesh | 32.0 | 2010 |
| Belarus | 26.0 | 2012 |
| Belgium | 27.6 | 2012 |
| Belize | 53.1 | 1999 |
| Benin | 43.5 | 2012 |
| Bhutan | 38.7 | 2012 |
| Bolivia | 48.1 | 2013 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 33.0 | 2007 |
| Botswana | 60.5 | 2009 |
| Brazil | 52.9 | 2013 |
| Bulgaria | 36.0 | 2012 |
| Burkina Faso | 39.8 | 2009 |
| Burundi | 33.4 | 2006 |
| Cambodia | 30.8 | 2012 |
| Cameroon | 42.8 | 2007 |
| Canada | 33.7 | 2010 |
| Cape Verde | 42.7 | 2007 |
| Central African Republic | 56.2 | 2008 |
| Chad | 43.3 | 2011 |
| Chile | 50.5 | 2013 |
| China | 37.0 | 2011 |
| Colombia | 53.5 | 2013 |
| Comoros | 64.3 | 2004 |
| DR Congo | 42.1 | 2012 |
| Congo, Republic of the | 40.2 | 2011 |
| Costa Rica | 49.2 | 2012 |
| Côte d'Ivoire | 43.2 | 2008 |
| Croatia | 32.0 | 2011 |
| Cuba | ||
| Cyprus | 34.3 | 2012 |
| Czech Republic | 26.1 | 2012 |
| Denmark | 29.1 | 2012 |
| Djibouti | 45.1 | 2012 |
| Dominican Republic | 47.1 | 2013 |
| Ecuador | 47.3 | 2013 |
| Egypt | 30.8 | 2008 |
| El Salvador | 43.5 | 2013 |
| Equatorial Guinea | ||
| Estonia | 33.2 | 2012 |
| Ethiopia | 33.2 | 2010 |
| European Union | ||
| Fiji | 42.8 | 2008 |
| Finland | 27.1 | 2012 |
| France | 33.1 | 2012 |
| Gabon | 41.5 | 2005 |
| The Gambia | 47.3 | 2003 |
| Georgia | 40.0 | 2013 |
| Germany | 30.1 | 2011 |
| Ghana | 42.8 | 2006 |
| Greece | 36.7 | 2012 |
| Guatemala | 52.4 | 2012 |
| Guinea | 33.7 | 2012 |
| Guinea-Bissau | 50.7 | 2010 |
| Guyana | 44.5 | 1998 |
| Haiti | 60.8 | 2012 |
| Honduras | 53.7 | 2013 |
| Hong Kong | ||
| Hungary | 30.6 | 2012 |
| Iceland | 26.9 | 2012 |
| India | 33.6 | 2012 |
| Indonesia | 35.6 | 2010 |
| Iran | 37.4 | 2013 |
| Iraq | 29.5 | 2012 |
| Ireland | 32.5 | 2012 |
| Israel | 42.8 | 2010 |
| Italy | 35.2 | 2012 |
| Jamaica | 45.5 | 2004 |
| Japan | 32.1 | 2008 |
| Jordan | 35.4 | 2010 |
| Kazakhstan | 26.4 | 2013 |
| Kenya | 47.7 | 2005 |
| North Korea | ||
| South Korea | 31.3 | 2007 |
| Kosovo | ||
| Kuwait | ||
| Kyrgyzstan | 27.4 | 2012 |
| Laos | 37.9 | 2012 |
| Latvia | 35.5 | 2012 |
| Lebanon | ||
| Lesotho | 54.2 | 2015 |
| Liberia | 36.5 | 2007 |
| Libya | ||
| Lithuania | 35.2 | 2012 |
| Luxembourg | 34.8 | 2012 |
| Macau | ||
| Macedonia | 43.2 | 2009 |
| Madagascar | 40.6 | 2010 |
| Malawi | 46.1 | 2010 |
| Malaysia | 46.3 | 2009 |
| Maldives | 36.8 | 2009 |
| Mali | 33.0 | 2010 |
| Malta | ||
| Mauritania | 37.5 | 2008 |
| Mauritius | 35.8 | 2012 |
| Mexico | 48.1 | 2012 |
| Moldova | 28.5 | 2013 |
| Mongolia | 33.8 | 2012 |
| Montenegro | 33.2 | 2013 |
| Morocco | 40.7 | 2007 |
| Mozambique | 45.6 | 2008 |
| Myanmar | ||
| Namibia | 61.3 | 2010 |
| Nepal | 32.8 | 2010 |
| Netherlands | 28.0 | 2012 |
| New Zealand | 36.2 | 1997 |
| Nicaragua | 45.7 | 2009 |
| Niger | 31.5 | 2011 |
| Nigeria | 43.0 | 2009 |
| Norway | 25.9 | 2012 |
| Oman | ||
| Pakistan | 29.6 | 2010 |
| Panama | 51.7 | 2013 |
| Papua New Guinea | 43.9 | 2009 |
| Paraguay | 48.3 | 2013 |
| Peru | 44.7 | 2013 |
| Philippines | 43.0 | 2012 |
| Poland | 32.4 | 2012 |
| Portugal | 36.0 | 2012 |
| Qatar | 41.1 | 2007 |
| Romania | 27.3 | 2012 |
| Russia | 41.6 | 2012 |
| Rwanda | 50.8 | 2011 |
| Sao Tome and Principe | 30.8 | 2010 |
| Saudi Arabia | ||
| Senegal | 40.3 | 2011 |
| Serbia | 29.7 | 2010 |
| Seychelles | 42.8 | 2006 |
| Sierra Leone | 34.0 | 2011 |
| Singapore | ||
| Slovakia | 26.1 | 2012 |
| Slovenia | 25.6 | 2012 |
| Somalia | ||
| South Africa | 63.4 | 2011 |
| South Sudan | 45.5 | 2009 |
| Spain | 35.9 | 2012 |
| Sri Lanka | 38.6 | 2012 |
| St. Lucia | 42.6 | 1995 |
| Sudan | 35.4 | 2009 |
| Suriname | 52.9 | 1999 |
| Swaziland | 51.5 | 2010 |
| Sweden | 27.3 | 2012 |
| Switzerland | 31.6 | 2012 |
| Syria | 35.8 | 2004 |
| Taiwan | ||
| Tajikistan | 30.8 | 2009 |
| Tanzania | 37.8 | 2011 |
| Thailand | 39.3 | 2012 |
| Timor-Leste | 31.6 | 2007 |
| Togo | 46.0 | 2011 |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 40.3 | 1992 |
| Tunisia | 35.8 | 2010 |
| Turkey | 40.2 | 2012 |
| Turkmenistan | 40.8 | 1998 |
| Uganda | 42.4 | 2012 |
| Ukraine | 24.6 | 2013 |
| United Arab Emirates | ||
| United Kingdom | 32.6 | 2012 |
| United States | 41.1 | 2013 |
| Uruguay | 41.9 | 2013 |
| Uzbekistan | 36.7 | 2003 |
| Venezuela | 46.9 | 2006 |
| Vietnam | 38.9 | 2012 |
| Palestine | 35.5 | 2009 |
| Yemen | 37.7 | 2005 |
| Zambia | 55.6 | 2010 |
| Zimbabwe | 50.1 | 1995 |
另外，一些国家的财富基尼系数（2014年）如下。【1】
| 国家 | 财富基尼系数 |
| 美国 | 80.56 |
| 瑞典 | 79.90 |
| 英国 | 75.72 |
| 印尼 | 73.61 |
| 奥地利 | 73.59 |
| 德国 | 73.34 |
| 哥伦比亚 | 73.18 |
| 智利 | 73.17 |
| 巴西 | 72.86 |
| 墨西哥 | 70.00 |
对于中国的财富基尼系数，北京大学中国社会科学调查中心发布的《中国民生发展报告2014》指出,2012年我国家庭净财产的基尼系数达到0.73。【2】
【1】《America is the richest, and most unequal, country》 2015-09-30 财富杂志
【2】 《北大版“0.73基尼系数”与官方数据并不矛盾》 2014-07-30 中国经济网
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