put
1. 放、安置 Put the case downstairs, please!
2. 将…往前送(插)、使…前进: It was the year that the Americans put a man on the moon.
Many senior citizens are put into nursing homes in the USA.
3. 连接、安装: We had to put new locks on the doors for safety.
4. 书写、记、标记: Put your name here. I couldn’t read what he had put.
5. 使…处于某种状态: I was put in charge of the office. Put yourself in my position, what would you have done? It was time to put their suggestion into practice.
6.使(人)受到影响:It’s time you put a stop to this childish behaviour.
7.给予(重视、信任、价值…):Our school puts the emphasis on the students’ quality.
My parents put a limit on the amount I spend every month.
8. 把…视为: I’d put her in the top rank of singers.
9. 说、表达: I was, to put it simply, angry. As he put it, our school has greatly changed.
You are too trusting, or put it another way, you have got no business head.
She will never this feeling into words.
固定用法:put it to sb. that: I put it to you that you are the last person I want to work with.
raise
1. 提起、举起、提升: She raised her eyes from her work.
2. (使)直立、站立: Somehow we managed her to raise her to her feet.
He raised himself on one hand.
3. 提高、增加: They raised their offer to $500. We need to raise public awareness of pollution.
I never heard him raise his voice.
4. 筹募、召集、征集、组建: We are raising money for the charity.
He set about raising a team of volunteers to help the reconstruction.
5. 提及、提起: The book raises many important questions.
6. 引起、导致、使出现:The horses’ hooves raised a cloud.
She raises a pale smile on her face.
Her explanation raised doubts from the public.
The teacher’s funny act raised a few laughs.
7. 抚养、养育、培养: They were both raised in the south.
I was born and raised a city boy.
8.饲养、培育、种植: Farmers here make a living by raising cattle.
9.终止、解除(约束): The ban on setting firework was raised in some cities.
10. 与…取得联系、通电话: We finally managed to raise him on his mobile phone.
固定用法:raise your eyebrows at 吃惊: Eyebrows were raised when he arrived without his wife.
reach
1. 到达、抵达:I hope this letter reaches you earlier.
2. 引起…的注意: The rumours finally reached the president.
3. (水平、速度、阶段)增加到、提升到: Daytime temperature can reach freezing.
4.达到(某点)、进入(某阶段):The Chinese soccer team first reached the finals in 2002.
5.实现、达到:They failed to reach an agreement.
6.伸、伸手: He reached out her hand to touch her.
7.能伸到、够得着:I can’t reach that apple. Can you reach the bottle?
8.伸手取、传递: Can you reach that box down for me?
9.电话联系:Do you know where I can reach him?
Through TV and radio, we are able to reach a wider supporters.
receive
1. 拿到、接到、收到:He received a reward for his volunteer work.
2. 体验、受到(待遇或伤害): We received a warm welcome on arrival.
Many people received serious injuries in the earthquake.
3.对…作出反映:The film was well received.
4. 接待、欢迎、招待: He was received an honorable guest.
5.接纳、允许加入: Another three students were received into the Students’ Union.
6. 收看、收听: Some programmes can’t be received in some mountain areas.
I can receive you loud and clear.
固定用法 received : 被承认的、被一致认可的 :The received wisdom is that they can not win.
remove:
1. (from) 移开、拿开、去掉、从…开除: He removed his hand from her shoulder.
Three students were removed from school for their bad behavior.
2. 脱衣服、摘下: She removed her glasses.
3. 去除、排除(污渍、不愉快)、使消失: The news removed any doubts about the school’s future.
4.免除、解除: The boss removed three men from power.
固定用法: be further removed from 与…不相干、与…大相径庭:
Many of the books are far removed from the reality of the kids.
rise:
1. 上升、攀升、提高、达到较高的水平或位置:
The river has risen by several meters. Smoke rose from the Chimney.
2. 起床、起立、站起来:They rose from the table when seeing the officials arriving.
She rose to her feet.
3. 升起: The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
4. (数量)增加、增长、提高: Unemployment is rising steadily.
Air pollution has risen above acceptable level.
5. 变得更加成功、重要、强大: He will rise to power in 2010.
She rose through the ranks to become a headmaster.
6. (声音\风):提高、增强: Her voice rose angrily. The wind rose and came a heavy snowfall.
7. (情感)增强: He felt anger rising inside him. Her spirits rose at the news.
8. ( 毛发)竖起、立起: The hair on the back of my neck rose when I heard the scream.
9. 起义、反抗(up): The students rose in rebellion in Greece.
10. 耸立、矗立、高出;凸出、隆起: Mountains rose in the distance.
The ground rose suddenly.
11.(河流):起源、发源: Most of the rivers rise in the west mountain areas.
12. 复活、再生: A new government rose from the ashes of the old one .
短语: rise to something: 能够处理、有能力处理:He was determined to rise to the challenge.
Luckily, my mother rose to the occasion.
run:
1.跑、奔跑、跑步、:She came running to meet us.
Run and get the passport quickly. I often go running before work.
2. 赛跑:Johnson ran a fine race to take the gold medal.
3. 开始(比赛)、使(比赛)开始: The relay race will be run in spite of the rain.
4. 管理、经营: He has no idea how to run a business. a badly-run company
5. 提供、开设: Many universities run summer courses for students.
6. 拥有、使用(车辆、机器): I can’t run my car on my salary.
7.(使)运转、运行、操作: Her life had always run smoothly before. Peter ran the machine.
8. (按路线)行驶、运行:Buses to Meishan run every 5 minutes. They run extra trains in the rush hour.
9. 开车送: Shall I run you home ?
10. (向某处)快速移动: The bus ran off the road into the river.
The cart ran smoothly over the frozen snow.
11.移动(某物):She ran her fingers nervously through her hair.
I ran my eye over the front page.
12. 导向、引导;使伸展、延伸: He had a scar running down his left cheek.
The road runs along the railway.
13. 持续、延续:The famous play ran for three months. The discussion will run and run.
14. (在一定时间内)起作用、有效: The bus ticket/ permits runs for three days.
15. (在某时)发生: Programmes are running a few minutes ahead of time.
16. (报道词语、内容) 包含: Their argument ran something like this.
‘Ten shot dead by gunmen’ ran the newspaper headline.
17.流淌、流动:The tears ran down her cheeks.
Water was running all over the bathroom floor. His face was running with sweats.
18. 掉色、褪色、 熔化:Color runs when the coat is put in warm water. The metal began to run.
19. 变成、成为、变得: The river run dry. Supplies are running low. Inflation was running at 30%.
20. 发表、刊登:The decided to run the story .
21. 参加竞选(for):Clinton ran a second time in 1996.
say:
1. (using words): 说、讲、告诉:It is said that she lived over 100 years. He ’s said to be a good seller.
2. 念、朗诵、背诵:Try to say that line with more confidence.
3. 表达、表述(见解): Say what you like about her, she’s a fine singer.
I can’t say I blame her for not greeting me.
It’s hard to say when the meeting will come to an end.
4. 比方说、假设:you could do it at any time, let’s say, on Monday.
Say you lose your job, what would you do then ?
5. 表示、表明、表达(思想、情感):His angry glance said it all.
What’s the artist trying to say in her work?
6.(书面材料或可见的事物)提供信息、指示:The notice said “No Parking!”
The clock said 12 o’clock. The guide book says to turn left here.
习惯用法: have something/ nothing to say, 有/没话要说; I’ll say 明确表示肯定“我敢说”。
I must say 强调自己发表意见; say cheese 笑一笑 say your piece 说心里话; that is to say 换句话说、也就是说; there is no saying 说不准、很难说; You don’t say 我知道、不会吧、(表示吃惊);You can say that again. 你说对了。正是这样!;you said it 正合我意
set:
1. 放、置、使处于: The boss set an envelope on the desk.
2. 使处于…状况、使…开始: The police set the man free. Her remarks set me thinking.
3. 以…为背景: The play is set in London in the 1870s.
4. (钟表、机器)设置好、调整好: He set the camera automatic. I set the alarm for 7 o’clock.
5. 摆放餐具: The table was set for dinner.
6. 安排、确定、决定: They haven’t set a date for their wedding.
7.树立、创立、开创: This could set a new fashion. I rely on you to set a good example.
8. 布置、分配、指派: She’s set herself a difficult task. Who will be setting the English exam?
9. (太阳、月亮)落下: We sat and watched the sun setting.
10. 凝固、固定(发型) The glue had set hard. She had her hair washed and set.
share
1. 共有、合用(with sb.): Jim shares the room with other 6 students. There isn’t an empty desk so we have to share.
2. 分配、分摊(between/ among sb.): We shared the cake between the four of us.
3. 分享、共享(with…): The conference is a good place to share information and exchange ideas.
4. 有同样的(感情、想法、经历): They shared a common interest in English. shared values.
5. 把自己的想法告诉…: The two friends shared everything--- they have no secrets. The others listen attentively while one shares.
6. 共同承担、分担(责任):I try to get the kids share in the housework. Both divers shared the blame for the accident. 固定用法:share and share alike 平均分担
show:
1. 表明:证明:The figures clearly show that her claim are false.
Her new book shows her to be a first-rate story teller.
2. 给…看、出示、展示:You have to show your ticket as you going.
3. 教、解说、演示: Can you show me how to do it ?
4. 指…看、指出: He showed me which picture her daughter drew.
5. 引、带、领:We were shown into the dinning room.
6. 表现、体现: She showed great courage in time of danger.
7. (对某人)表现出、对待、表示: He showed no respect for his parents.
8.显示出、流露出: Fear showed in their eyes when the earthquake happened.
Her expression showed her disappointment.
9.露出、显出:She had a warm hat and left only her eyes showing.
10. 表示、表明(信息、时间…): The clock showed midnight.
11.展览、成列、上演、演出:The movie is being shown now.
12. 证明、表明:He has shown himself to a caring father.
13. 出现、露面:I waited an hour but he didn’t show up.
固定用法:It goes to show: It just goes to show what you can do when you really try.
sink:
1. 下沉、下陷、沉没:The wheels started to sink into the mud. We’re sinking.
He sank into the armchair, crying.
The sun was sinking in the west.
She sank into a deep sleep.
2. 使下沉、使沉没:The heavy load sank the boat.
3. 倒下、坐下: I sank into the armchair and fell asleep.
She sank back into her seat, exhausted.
4. 降低、减少、减弱:The house price has sunk to its lowest record level.
He is clearly sinking fast.
5. (声音)变低、变小: Her voice sank to a whisper.
6. 挖、挖掘(坑、洞) They began to sink a well in case of drought.
7. 埋入、打下:You’d better sink a post into the ground for safety.
8. 使失败、受挫、阻挠: I think I’ve just sunk a chance of getting the job.
If our car breaks down, we will be sunk. 固定用法: a sinking feeling 不祥的预感 sink or swim 不自救,必沉沦
speak:
1. 谈、谈话、交谈(强调引起对话):I saw her in the street but we didn’t speak.
2. 说话、讲话: He speaks with a strange accent. She has a beautiful speaking voice.
3. 提起、讲述(of/ about sth.)Speaking of traveling, are you going anywhere this summer?
4. 会说、会将(语言):He can speak several languages.
5. 用(语言)说话、讲…语言: What language is it they are speaking? French- speaking students.
6. 发言、演讲、演说: She spoke in favor of the new oil taxi.
7. 说、讲述: She was clearly speaking the truth.
固定用法: nothing to speak of 不用提;so to speak 可以说、可谓 generally speaking; speak your mind 说心里话、坦率地说 speak well /highly / ill of 说… 好话/ 坏话;赞扬
spread:
1. 展开、打开: Spread a cloth on the table before meals. The bird spread its wings and flew away.
2. 摊开、使散开:Papers had been spread out on the ground.
3. 张开(臂、腿): She spread her arms and the kid ran towards her.
4. 传播、散布、(使)流传:The disease spreads easily. Use of computers spread quickly at he time. He often spreads lies about me. spread the word 散布消息
5. (大面积)蔓延、扩散、散开: The fire spread rapidly to the whole building. Floods began to spread across the village. A smile spread across her face.
6. 使分散、使分布: Seeds are spread by the wind. We have over 1 million members spread all over the country.
7. 延伸、伸展、扩展: The valley spread out beneath us.
8. 涂、敷(… on/ over…): Spread some butter over the bread.
9. 分(若干次)进行、分摊:We should monthly pay and spread the cost of our car insurance.
We attempted to spread the work between the workers.
support:
1. 支持、拥护、鼓励:The measures are strongly supported by environmental groups.
2. 帮助、援助:The company will support their customers in Europe.
3.(提供资金)赞助、资助:Several major companies are supporting the project.
4. 养活、赡养、供养、维持:Jim had a big family to support. The atmosphere of other planets could not support life.
5.支撑(不掉下来):Support the baby’s head when you hold it.
6.证实、提供依据:The witness’s story was not supported by the evidence.
7.支持、喜爱(运动队): I support Huston Rockets.
stand :
1. 站立、立、直立、起立、站起来: Stand still while I take your photo. After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.
2. 使直立、竖放、Stand the ladder against the wall. I stood the girl on a chair.
3. 位于、处于(状态):An old tree once stood in front of the building. The house stood empty for a long time. I stand corrected. (我承认我错了)。As things stand, there is little chance of a quick solution to the unemployment.
4.高度为、高达: The tower stands 30 meters high.
5.(车)停、停靠: The train pulled in on time and stood at the 3rd platform.
6. 保持有效、维持不变: The word record stood for 2o years. My offer still stands.
7. 很可能做…(to): You stand to make a lot from this deal.
8. 持某种观点、采取某种立场: Where do you stand on private education?
9. 容忍、忍受(否定、疑问强调不喜欢): I can’t stand his brother. I can’t stand it when you do that. She couldn’t stand being kept waiting. I can’t stand people interrupting all the time.
10. 承受、经受、经得起、(can\ could):Modern plastics stand very high and low temperature.
11. 花钱请、买…请客: She was kind enough to stand us a meal.
12. 参选: He stood for mayor of the city.
start:
1. 开始、着手、动手: The kids start school next week. It’s time you started on your homework.
2. 使发生、开始进行: Have you any idea where the rumor started? He’s always trying to start an argument.
3. 发动、开动、启动: I can’t get the car started.
4. 出现、发起、开办、创办: There are lots of small businesses starting up in the area. She decided to start a yoga class.
5. 出发、启程、动身、走向: What time are we starting tomorrow? She started for the door but I blocked her.
6. 以…起步、起初是: She started as a secretary but ended up running a company.
He started life as a teacher but then a writer. The evening started badly when the speaker failed to come.
7. 突然一惊: The sudden noise made me a start.
stick:
1. 使…刺入、插入: The nurse stuck a needle into my arm. I found a nail sticking in the tyre.
2. 粘贴、粘住:He stuck a stamp on the envelope but it didn’t stick.
3.(迅速)放置:The boy stuck his hands in his pockets and walked away.
4. 卡住、陷住、动不了:The key has stuck in the door. The drawer keeps sticking. The students got stuck on the problem.
5. (否定、疑问):容忍、忍受: My mother can’t stick my boyfriend. John can’t stick living with my parents.
6. 被接受、被证明成立: The police couldn’t make the charges stuck.. Her friends called her Mary and the name has stuck.
7. One of his paintings in particular ticks in my mind.
8. She finds it impossible to stick to a diet.
strike:
1. 撞、碰、撞击、打: The boy ran into the road and was struck by a car. The girl struck the boy in the face. The tree was struck by lightning. He struck the ball firmly into the goal.
2.突击、攻击:The public fear that the killer may strike again.
3.爆发、侵袭:On 12th tragedy struck. The area was struck by an outbreak of SARS.
4. 突然想到、猛然想起: An awful thought has just struck me. It suddenly struck me how we could explain to him.
5. 给(某人)印象、让(某人)觉得: His behavior struck me as strange. It strikes me most that nobody is really in favour of the changes. She struck me as an excellent mother.
6.照在…、照射: The sun struck the class of the building.
7.(顿时)处于…状态: He was struck blind in the sun.
8. 罢工:Some teachers are still striking for a pay rise.
9. 划(火柴)、击出火星:The hammer struck sparks off the stone.
10.(钟)敲、鸣、报时: The clock has just struck 12.
11. 弹奏、奏响、发出声音: The little boy struck beautiful music.
12. 行进、加劲走:The team left the road and struck off across the woods.
talk:
1. (与某人说话): 说话、讲话、谈话( give information/ show feelings/ ideas.): Who were you talking to just now?
2. 讨论、商谈、谈论、洽谈: Talk to your doctor if you are still worried. He likes to talk politics.
The six sides agree to talk next time.
3. (用某种语言)讲、说话:The baby is just starting to talk. Are they talking English or Canadian?
4. (说、讲)有理、无理的话: She talks a lot of sense. See if you can talk some sense into him.
5. 讲的是、指的是(情况的严重程度):We are talking $500 for three hours’ work.
6. 说闲话、讲坏话:Don’t phone me at work--- people will talk.
7. 供认、招认:The police questioned him but he refused to talk.
固定: now you’re talking 正合我意;talk shop 三句不离本行;talk through your hat 信口开河
take :
1. 携带、拿走、取走、运走:The bus will take you to the park.
2. 带去、引领:I’m taking the kids swimming in the afternoon. A boy took us to our room.
3. 使…达到、把…推向(层次): He energy and talent took her to the top of her profession.
4. (伸手)取、拿、抱…: The mother took the boy in her arms and comforted him.
My name was taken off the list.
5. 擅自拿走、偷走、误拿:Someone has taken my cell-phone.
The earthquake took the lives of over 20,000.
6. 从中取出、取材于: Many college students take what they want out of other books.
The machine takes its name from its inventor.
7. 夺取、攻占、抓获、控制:The state has taken control of the company.
He was taken prisoner by the rebels.
8. 选中、买下、租用;(经常)购买: We took a room at the hotel for two nights.
We take the People’s Daily.
9. 吃、喝服(药):He started taken drugs at college.
10. 记录、摘录、记下:Did you take notes in the Class? Take down the words in detail.
11. 拍照、摄影: Stand still while I am having your picture taken.
12. 测定、量取:I need to have my temperature taken regularly.
13. 就坐、占座位: Sorry, all the seats are taken.
14. 以…为例,将…作为例子:Many fresh have problems in the first year at college, Take Tim and Susan.
15. 接受、收到:I’ll take a call in my office. Will you take $16 for the book? I will take your offer.
16. 接纳、接待:The school doesn’t take girls. The hospital can’t take more patients.
17. 遭受、经受、承受:Can the rope take the strain? The Rocket took several terrible beating.
18. 忍受、容忍:I find his attitude hard to take. I can’t take much of this pressure.
19. (以…方式)对待、处理:Don’t take the exam lightly! Take it seriously.
20. 领会、理解、考虑:She took what he said as an honour. How Can I take his remark?
21. (尤指错误地)认为、把…看作、误认为:I took the man with him to be his father. What do you take me for? Some teens always take it that their parents and teachers owe them much.
22. 产生(感情)、持有…看法、采取(态度):My parents always take an interest in my hobbies. We take the view that teens should be responsible for their actions.
23. 采取(措施)、采用(方法): The government is taking action to prevent the unemployment.
24. 与名词连用,表示举动、动作:take a bath/ take a deep breath/ take a glance
25. 需要时间、费时: It takes her about 30 minutes to walk to school. I won’t take long to have a shower.
26. 需要、需求: It doesn’t take much to make her angry.
27.(机器等)使用、用: All taxies take gas in our city.
28. 穿用:What size shoes do you take?
29. 容纳、装、盛:The bus can take 45 passengers. The bottle takes only one litre.
30. 学习、读、修(课程): She is planning to take a bio-chemistry course.
31. 参加(考试或测验): When did you take your driving test?
32. 乘坐、搭乘、取道、走…线路: It’s more interesting to take the coast road. Take the second road on the left.
33. 踢、掷(球): take a free/ corner kick.
34. 举行(投票)、进行(调查): take a survey.
35. 成功、起作用、行得通:The operation failed to take.
tell:
1. (提供信息)告诉、告知:
2. (文章、仪器、标记)提供、说明、显示: The ad told us very little about the product itself.
3. (用语言表达):讲述、说、表达: I can’t tell you how happy I am. Tell lies/ stories/ jokes
4. 泄漏、告密(秘密):Promise you won’t tell.
5. 命令、吩咐、指示: I kept telling myself to keep calm. Children must do what they are told.
6. 知道、判断、看出:As far as I can tell, she’s enjoying the course. I can tell he was angry from his expression.
7. 分别、辨别、识别: It is hard to tell the difference between the twins. It’s difficult to tell them apart. Can you tell Tom from his twin brother?
固定:all told 合计、总共。 I tell you/ I can tell you 我敢肯定地说、确实。There is no telling 无法预知; t o tell you the truth 老实说 You are telling me. 我完全同意、的确如此
turn:
1. (使)旋转、转动: He turned the key in the lock. The wheels of the car began to turn.
2. 转身、扭转:We turned and headed for home. She turned her back to the wall.
3. 翻转、翻动:Turn the coat inside before washing it.
4. 转弯、改变方向:I turned the car into the car park. The river turns north at this point.
5. 指向、朝向、对准: She looked at me and then turned his attention back to the book.
Don’t turn your anger on the children. His thought turned to his dead wife.
1. (潮汐)涨落: The tide is turning.
2. 翻、翻动(书)
3. 松开、释放: Farmers turn their horses into the fields.
4. (使)变成、成为: The weather has turned cold and rainy. He’s a lawyer turned teacher.
5. (年龄、时间)达到、超过: She turns 20 in June. It’s turned midnight.
wear:
1. 穿、佩带、戴(服饰): Was he wearing a seat belt? She always wears black.
2. 蓄、留(须发):She wears her hair long.
3. 流露、面带、呈现(神态): He wore a puzzled look on his face. His face wore a puzzled look.
4. 磨损、消耗、用旧: My shoes are starting to wear. He wore out two pairs of shoes last year.
The stones have been worn smooth by the flow of water.
5. 穿破、磨出(洞)、踩出(路): I have worn holes in my socks.
6. 耐用、耐穿、耐磨、耐久(well):The carpet is wearing well. You are wearing well---- only a few grey hairs. 你一点都不显老,只有几根白发。
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