Each of us should know each mean meaning of “each” .
一、作副词
We have a book each .我们每人有一本书。
They bought some apples each.他们每个人都买了一些苹果。
二、作代词
(一)作同位语
We each like English. 我们每个人都喜欢英语。
They each did their best .他们人人都尽力了。
前者each 作we 的同位语,后者each 作they的同位语。
(二)作主语
Each of us has a book. 我们每人都有一本书。
Each of them likes swimming. 他们人人都喜欢游泳。
上述两种句式可以互相转换,即
Each of us has a book. 相当于 We each have a book.
They each like swimming. 相当于Each of them likes swimming.
三、作形容词
(一)Each修饰单数名词时与every同义,二者可互换。例如:
Each (Every) desk in this classroom is new. 这间教室里的每张书桌都是新的。
Each (Every) student works hard .每个学生都很用功。
(二)“Each+单数名词and each+单数名词”作主语时,句中的谓语动词仍为单数形式。例如:
Each (Every) desk and each (every) chair is nice. 每张书桌和每把椅子都很不错。
And后的each或every也可省略。如上述例句可换为:
Each (Every) desk and chair is nice.
(三)下列四种句式可互换:
1.Each of the students is here.
2.Each student is here.
3.Every student is here .
4.All the students are here.
四、each与every之间的差异
(一)every前可用almost, nearly和not来修饰,而each则不可。
(二)each强调单个(个体),every着重全(集)体、整体。
如:Each pupil was given a different book by the
teacher. 老师给每个小学生发了一本不同的书。
Every desk is useful. 每张书桌(全部书桌)都有用。
(三)词性的差异。
each可作代词、副词和形容词;而every一般只有形容词词性,所以两者很多情况下不可互换。例如:
Each of the students is working hard on English.
这里的each不可换为every,因该句中each的为一代词,而every无此词性。
(四)表示数量的差异
each除表示多个中的每一个外,还可表示两个中的每一个;every则表示三个或更多个中的每一个。例如:
There are a lot of trees on each side of the road. 路的每一边都有许多树。
这里要用each,当然也可用either,但不能用every,因为“路边”只有两条。
This is a big field. Every side is long.
这里应用every, 因为每一块地至少有三条边。
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