【蓝色部分为原文,后面是该部分笔记。笔记只有单词链接与翻译,背景知识等不列入。欢迎大家对授课内容和授课方式提出建议。:)Amoor谢谢各位捧场
Transient Days 匆匆
作者,朱自清;译员,张培基
transient[【'trænʃənt,】
Lasting a very short time
EG Life is transient.人生如朝露。
这些形容词均含“短暂的,瞬息的”之意。
temporary: 普通用词,其反义是permanent。指持续有限的可计时间,着重暂时的存在、应用或效应。
The boss hired some temporary workers.老板雇佣了一些临时工。
momentary: 指瞬时即逝的,也表明间很短的。意思是“瞬刻的”、“暂时的”(transitory or lasting only for a moment),其后常跟pain、interruption、expectation、happiness、emotion等词,其同义词是transient/;反义词是lasting.
transient: 指停留或延续的时间很短。
Fleeting:短暂的 疾驰而过的
The prime of life is that fleeting time between green and overripe.人生盛年是处于青涩和过孰之间的短暂时光。
【speech/piece of writing:】 brief, concise,【kən'sais 简明】 condensed【kən'denst 浓缩 condensed milk 炼奶】, abridged【ə'bridʒd 删节的】
【person:】 not very tall, little, tiny, petite【pə'ti:t 女生娇小】
【time/event:】 brief, quick, momentary, fleeting, transient, passing, short-lived
【legs/fingers:】 stumpy,【'stʌmpi 短胖的】
If swallows go away, they will come back again.
If willows wither, they will turn green again.
If peach blossoms fade, they will flower again.
But, tell me, you the wise, why should our days go by never to return?
Perhaps they have been stolen by someone. But who could it be and where could he hide them?
Perhaps they have just run away by themselves. But where could they be at the present moment?
燕子去了,有再来的时候;杨柳枯了,有再青的时候;桃花谢了,有再开的时候。但是,聪明的你,告诉我,我们的日子为什么一去不复返呢?——是有人偷了他们罢:那是谁?又藏在何处呢?是他们自己逃走了罢:现在又到了哪里呢?
wither :
1. wither, as with a loss of moisture 失去水分
Eg The grapes withered on the vine【vain藤】. 葡萄藤上的葡萄都干瘪了。
2. lose freshness, vigor, or vitality 枯萎
Eg Remove an old tree and it will wither to death.[谚]老树移栽活不了,老人迁居命不长。
The cold withered the leaves.严寒使树叶凋落。
同义词: fade
As evening came the coastline faded into darkness.夜晚来临,海岸线融入茫茫夜色中。
I don't know how many days I am entitled to altogether, but my quota of them is undoubtedly wearing away. Counting up silently, I find that more than 8,000 days have already slipped away through my fingers. Like a drop of water falling off a needle point into the ocean, my days are quietly dripping into the stream of time without leaving a trace. At the thought of this, sweat oozes from my forehead and tears trickle down my cheeks.
我不知道他们给了我多少日子;但我的手确乎是渐渐空虚了。在默默里算着,八千多日子已经从我手中溜去;像针尖上一滴水滴在大海里,我的日子滴在时间的流里,没有声音,也没有影子。我不禁头涔涔而泪潸潸了。
Entitle
1 to give someone the official right to do or have something有权。。。
be entitled to (do) something
Full-time employees are entitled to receive health insurance.
entitle somebody to something
Membership entitles you to the monthly journal.
2【be entitled something】if a book, play etc is entitled something, that is its name:
The new book is entitled Love Story.这本新书名叫《爱情故事》。
Quota
share vt.分享, 分配, 共... proportion n.部份, 比例, 均衡...
ration n.定额, 定量, 配给... percentage n.百分率, 比例, 部...
Wear away
Wear
1 to have something such as clothes, shoes, or jewellery on your body: 穿戴
Susanna was wearing a black silk dress.
wear a seat belt (=have it around yourself) 系安全带
2to have a particular expression on your face
wear a smile/frown/grin咧嘴笑 etc
His face wore a welcoming smile.
Wear away 消逝, 磨损, 消耗殆尽
The inscription on the stone had worn away.刻在石头上的文字已磨损了。
My patience is almost worn away by her endless complaints。她抱怨个不停,几乎使我的耐性消耗殆尽。
近义词:rust 生锈 "if i rest, i rust" by orison marden
Slip [i]
1【fall or slide】[intransitive] to slide a short distance accidentally, and fall or lose your balance slightly: 滑
slip on
He slipped on the ice.
2【go somewhere】[intransitive always + adverb/preposition] to go somewhere, without attracting other people's attention [= slide]: 溜走
Ben slipped quietly out of the room.
The fish slipped out of my hand.那条鱼从我手中滑掉了。
You are not going to let a wonderful chance like that slip through your fingers, are you?你不会错过那样的好机会,对吗?
3【put something somewhere】[transitive always + adverb/preposition] to put something somewhere quietly or smoothly [= slide]: 悄悄的放
Ann slipped the book into her bag.
4【give something to somebody】[transitive] to give someone something secretly or without attracting much attention 悄悄的给
slip somebody something
I slipped him a ten-dollar bill to keep quiet. 我塞给他十块钱让他闭嘴
5move[intransitive] to move smoothly, especially off or from something: 缓慢滑动
slip off/down/from etc
He watched the sun slip down behind the mountains.
这些动词均可表示“滑动”之意。
Slide [ai]: Slide means to move smoothly across a surface. You can talk about people, objects, or liquids sliding
通常多指与光滑表面保持接触并且迅速地连续滑动。
A tear slid down her cheek.
slip: Slip means to accidentally slide a small distance, and usually then fall down
指不自觉地、偶然地滑动。有失足的含义
She slipped and hurt her wrist.
翻译: 树干从山坡滑进了下方的河里。
错句: The tree trunks slipped down the mountain side to the river below.
订正: The tree trunks slid down the mountain side to the river below.
Glide[ai]: 指自由、顺畅地流动,也指不费力、无声响地滑动。
The figure skater glided gracefully over the ice. 花样滑冰者在冰上优雅地滑行。
Skid[i]: Skid means to move across a smooth surface in an uncontrolled way. You usually use it to talk about vehicles着重指不自主地或失去控制地滑动,特指车轮在结冰或潮湿路面上的滑动,常暗含有危险存在的意味。
He braked suddenly, causing the front wheels to skid.他猛然刹车,使得前车轮打滑了。
• Jason skidded around the corner on his bike.
Drip n v 【水滴的质感】
1 [intransitive and transitive] to let liquid fall in drops:
A drip of water fell from the tap. 从龙头滴下一滴水。
drip blood/water/sweat etc
John came in, his arm dripping blood.
drip down/from etc
The rain dripped down his neck.
3【be dripping with something】to contain or be covered in a lot of something 被。。覆盖
be dripping with jewels/gems/pearls etc
All the princes were dripping with gems.宝石【dʒem】
His tone was now dripping with sarcasm.他的语调带着讥讽的意味。
Moonlight dripped through the leaves.月光透过树叶洒下来。
近义词 ooze trickle
Ooze 渗出, 泄漏, 流露
1 if a thick liquid oozes from something or if something oozes a thick liquid, that liquid flows from it very slowly
ooze from/out of/through
The ice cream was melting and oozing out of its wrapper.
A cut on his cheek was still oozing blood.渗血
2 to show a lot of a particular quality or feeling:
Andrew laughed gently, oozing charm.
She was simply oozing (with) charm.她浑身散发着魅力。
Trickle 滴流, 慢慢移动 n v 河流
if liquid trickles somewhere, it flows slowly in drops or in a thin stream
trickle down/into/out
The tears trickled down her cheeks.
A river that flowed out of the lake was reduced to a trickle. 一条曾经从该湖流出的小河,现在已经变成了一条滴流。
Only a trickle of water came out of the pipe.管子里淌出来的只是小小的细流。
Trickle-down economics“国富优先”
What is gone is gone, what is to come keeps coming. How swift is the transition in between! When I get up in the morning, the slanting sun casts two or three squarish patches of light into my small room. The sun has feet too, edging away softly and stealthily. And, without knowing it, I am already caught in its revolution .
去的尽管去了,来的尽管来着;去来的中间,又怎样地匆匆呢?早上我起来的时候,小屋里射进两三方斜斜的太阳。太阳他有脚啊,轻轻悄悄地挪移了;我也茫茫然跟着旋转。
Swift adj
快的 迅速的 敏捷的
1 happening or done quickly and immediately:
My letter received a swift reply.
She shot a swift glance at Paul.
The president promised swift and effective retribution 【retri'bju:ʃən惩罚】against the terrorists.总统答应会迅速有效地惩罚恐怖分子。
2 [only before noun] moving, or able to move, very fast:
a swift runner
She wiped her tears away in one swift movement.
【moving very quickly:】 at high speed, like lightning, at top speed, flat out
【doing something quickly:】 quick, rapid, swift, prompt, speedy
【happening quickly: 】rapid, speedy, meteoric, at an alarming rate, in no time
fast 快的, 迅速的,...
quick 迅速的, 快的,...
rapid 短时间发生的,骤然上升,急速
hasty 匆匆的, 轻率... I don't think it's right to make such a hasty decision.我认为如此仓促地做出决定是不正确的。
Transition 转变 过渡 V正式
Such a sudden transition must affect her and ice her over.这样的一个突然变化一定会影响她,使她变得冷淡而克制起来。
这些动词均含有“变化,改变”之意。
change: 指任何变化,完全改变,强调与原先的情况有明显的不同。
In autumn the leaves change from green to brown.秋天树叶由绿色变成黄褐色。
alter:['ɔ:ltə] 常指轻微的改变,强调基本上保持原物、原状的情况下所进行的部分改变。
Circumstances alter cases.[谚]具体情况具体分析。
vary: 暗示不规则或断断续续地变。
She varied her dress as fashion changes.她的衣着随着潮流而变化。
convert: 指进行全部或局部改变以适应新的功能或用途。指信仰或态度时,强调较激烈、大的改变。
The solar cell can convert the energy of sunlight into electric energy.太阳能电池能把阳光的能量转化为电能。
modify: 强调起限定作用的变化或变更。指细小的变化,常含“缓和、降调”的意味。
He'll have to modify his views if he wants to be elected.他要想当选就得把观点改得缓和些。
transform: 指人或物在形状、外观、形式、性质等方面发生的彻底变化,失去原状成为全新的东西。
The magician【mə'dʒiʃən】 transformed the frog into a prince.魔术师把青蛙变成了王子。
turn: 指外形、颜色、气味、性质等方面的变化,比change更通俗。
Edge away 徐徐走过
1【move】[intransitive,transitive always + adverb/preposition] to move gradually with several small movements, or to make something do this: 慢慢走
Tim was edging away from the crowd.
The root of the big tree trends to edge away the corner stone.这棵大树的根可能会把墙角石顶走。
2【put at edge】[transitive usually passive] to put something on the edge or border of something: 给。加边
The city square was edged by trees. 树木围绕着城市
3【change】[intransitive,transitive always + adverb/preposition] to change gradually, especially so as to get better or worse缓慢改变
edge up/down
Profits have edged up. 利润增加
The paper has edged ahead of (=been more successful than) its rivals.
Thus the day flows away through the sink when I wash my hands;
vanishes in the rice bowl when I have my meal;
passes away quietly before the fixed gaze of my eyes when I am lost in reverie.
Aware of its fleeting presence, I reach out for it only to find it brushing past my out-stretched hands.
In the evening, when I lie on my bed, it nimbly strides over my body and flits past my feet.
于是——洗手的时候,日子从水盆里过去;吃饭的时候,日子从饭碗里过去;默默时,便从凝然的双眼前过去。我觉察他去的匆匆了,伸出手遮挽时,他又从遮挽着的手边过去。天黑时,我躺在床上,他便伶伶俐俐地从我身上跨过,从我脚边飞去了。
By the time when I open my eyes to meet the sun again, another day is already gone.
I heave a sign, my head buried in my hands.
But, in the midst of my sighs, a new day is flashing past.
等我睁开眼和太阳再见,这算又溜走了一日。我掩着面叹息。但是新来的日子的影儿又开始在叹息里闪过了。
Vanish v 消失 绝迹 不见
1 to disappear suddenly, especially in a way that cannot be easily explained:
He seemed to vanish into thin air.他不留痕迹地消失了。
My keys were here a minute ago but now they've vanished.
vanish without (a) trace/vanish off the face of the earth (=disappear so that no sign remains)
The bird vanished from sight.鸟儿从视线中消失
She seemed to have just vanished into thin air. (=suddenly disappeared in a very mysterious way)
2 to suddenly stop existing [= disappear]
vanish from
By the 1930s, the wolf had vanished from the American West.
Many types of animals have now vanished from the earth.很多种类的动物现在已经从地球上绝迹了。
“消失”
vanish: 语气强,指完全、往往是神秘而突然的消失,不留任何蛛丝马迹。
disappear: 普通用词,强调从视线或脑海中消失。这消失可能是暂时的、突然的或永久的,视上下文而定。
fade: 侧重逐渐消失。
evaporate: 指像水蒸发时那样悄然逝去,也指某人悄悄地、突然退出或离去。
Gaze v 凝视
[intransitive always + adverb/preposition]
to look at someone or something for a long time, giving it all your attention, often without realizing you are doing so [= stare]
gaze into/at etc
His steady gaze did not waver.他目不转睛地注视著。红楼
She turned her head away, feeling too ashamed to meet his gaze.因为害羞而不敢和他凝视的目光相遇,她把头扭开了。
这组动词都与“看”有关。
glance: means 'to look quickly and deliberately' and a glance is the act of quickly looking at someone or something意为“匆匆一瞥”,是不及物动词,其后必须接介词at, over等才可以接宾语。
He glanced at his watch.他匆匆看了一下手表。
stare: 意为“凝视”,它也是一个不及物动词,其后通常接介词at才能接宾语。
She stared at him in surprise.她惊讶地瞪着他看。
glare: 意为“怒视;瞪眼”,也是不及物动词,其后要接介词at后才能接宾语。
They stood glaring at each other.他们互相怒目而视地站着。
glimpse (verb) means 'to see something or someone by chance for a very short time' and a glimpse is a sight that you see by chance for a very short time 偶然一瞥
I glimpsed someone behind the curtain. 门帘
We got a glimpse of her face as she hurried past.
See means to notice something with your eyes, either deliberately or accidentally 注意到
A few people saw him take the bag.
Watch means to deliberately pay attention to something for quite a long time
He watched her leave.
【复习】这些形容词均含“短暂的,瞬息的”之意。
temporary: 普通用词,其反义是permanent。指持续有限的可计时间,着重暂时的存在、应用或效应。
momentary: 指瞬时即逝的,也表明间很短的。意思是“瞬刻的”、“暂时的”(transitory or lasting only for a moment),其后常跟pain、interruption、expectation、happiness、emotion等词,其同义词是transient/;反义词是lasting.
transient: 指停留或延续的时间很短。
Fleeting:短暂的 疾驰而过的
The prime of life is that fleeting time between green and overripe.人生盛年是处于青涩和过孰之间的短暂时光。
Stride 跨过 大步迈过 n 一大步
to walk quickly with long steps [↪ march]
stride across/into/down etc
He strode toward her.
China is striding ahead in her economic construction.中国正在经济建设方面大步前进。
Some people find retiring difficult, but he has taken it all in his stride.有些人觉得退休生活很艰难,但他轻而易举地适应了。
这些动词均有“行走,徒步”之意。
walk: 最常用词,中性词,指除跑、跳之外所有移步的动作。
stride: in a confident or angry way着重步子大而且节奏有力,流露出匆忙、烦恼、得意等情绪。
pace: 指踱步,走步。
step: 多用来指“短步,台步或急步”。
Wander with no aim or direction漫步 i wandered lonly as a cloud 我似流云天自游 华兹华斯
stroll in a relaxed way for pleasure
march soldiers进军
hike for long distances in the countryside or the mountains 徒步旅行
tiptoe very quietly悄悄走
Stagger【'stægə】 蹒跚in an unsteady way because you are drunk or injured
limp 【limp】一瘸一拐的走with difficulty because one leg is painful or injured
Living in this world with its fleeting days and teeming millions, what can I do but waver and wander and live a transient life? What have I been doing during the 8,000 fleeting days except wavering and wandering? The bygone days, like wisps of smoke, have been dispersed by gentle winds, and, like thin mists, have been evaporated by the rising sun. What traces have I left behind? No, nothing, not even gossamer-like traces. I have come to this world stark naked, and in the twinkling of an eye, I am to go to back as stark naked as ever. However, I am taking it very much to heart: why should I be made to pass through this world for nothing at all?
在逃去如飞的日子里,在千门万户的世界里的我能做些什么呢?只有徘徊罢了,只有匆匆罢了;在八千多日的匆匆里,除徘徊外,又剩些什么呢?过去的日子如轻烟,被微风吹散了,如薄雾,被初阳蒸融了;我留着些什么痕迹呢?我何曾留着像游丝样的痕迹呢?我赤裸裸来到这世界,转眼间也将赤裸裸地回去罢?但不能平的,为什么偏要白白走这一遭啊?
Teeming
1 full of people, animals etc that are all moving around: 热闹的
the teeming streets of the city
His mind was still teeming with various projects. 他的脑子里依然塞满了各式各样的计划。
2 British English teeming rain is very heavy rain:
She walked home thradj.
Waver v
1 to become weaker or less certain: 动摇 颤抖
Her voice wavered uncertainly.
The students' attention did not waver.
waver in
Harris never wavered in his loyalty.
waver from
We were determined not to waver from our goals.
2 to not make a decision because you have doubts: 不能下决心
waver between something and something
The party wavered between free trade and protectionism. 党派在自由贸易和贸易保护中摇摆不定
3 to move gently in several different directions:
The candle flame wavered, throwing shadows on the wall. 烛光闪烁在墙上投射出阴影
Wisp n
1 a wisp of hair, grass, hay etc is a thin piece of it that is separate from the rest 一缕头发
wisp of
A wisp of hair had escaped from under her hat.
2 a wisp of smoke, cloud, mist etc is a small thin line of it that rises upwards 一股烟雾
wisp of
Wisps of smoke rose into the air.
Evaporate v
1 [intransitive and transitive]if a liquid evaporates, or if heat evaporates it, it changes into a gas: 蒸发
Most of the water had evaporated.
2 [intransitive] if a feeling evaporates, it slowly disappears:
His courage had evaporated away.
Trace n
1【sign of something】[uncountable and countable] a small sign that shows that someone or something was present or existed: 证据
There was no trace of anyone having entered the room since then.
disappear/vanish/sink without (a) trace (=disappear completely, without leaving any sign of what happened)
The plane vanished without a trace.
O you the wise, would you tell me please: why should our days go by never to return?
你聪明的,告诉我,我们的日子为什么一去不复返呢?