加载中…暑期雅思培训 2015年7月11日朗阁新托福考试阅读考题回顾
(2015-07-17 10:01:43)
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海口朗阁雅思海口朗阁英语2015雅思阅读考题暑期雅思培训暑期英语培训 |
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朗阁海外考试研究中心
Research Academy for Foreign Language Examinations
雅思考试阅读考题回顾
朗阁海外考试研究中心赵岩
考试日期： 2015年7 月11 日
Reading Passage 1
Title: The forgotten forest--The longleaf pine
Question types:
Sentence Completion 5 题；
Flow-chart Completion 4 题；
TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN 4 题；
文章内容回顾
讲 longleaf pine 的生长习性及所需栖息地的要求，以及它对于其他动
植物的重要性。由于各种因素，森林遭到破坏，但并非是不可逆转性
的结果，所需要的是出台相关政策解决森林退化的问题。
相关英文原文阅读
A. The beauty and the biodiversity of the longleaf pine forest
are
well-kept secrets, even in its native South. Yet it is among
the richest
ecosystems in North America, rivaling tall grass prairies and
the
ancient forests of the Pacific Northwest in the number of
species it
shelters. And like those two other disappearing wildlife
habitats,
longleaf is also critically endangered.
B. In longleaf pine forests, trees grow widely scattered,
creating an
open, park like environment, more like a savanna than a
forest. The
trees are not so dense as to block the sun. This openness
creates a
forest floor that is among the most diverse in the world,
where plants
such as many-flowered grass pinks, trumpet pitcher plants,
Venus
flytraps, lavender ladies and pineland bog-buttons grow. As
many as
50different species of wildflowers, shrubs, grasses and ferns
have
been cataloged in just a single square meter.
C. Once, nearly 92 million acres of longleaf forest flourished
from
Virginia to Texas, the only place in the world where it is
found. By the
turn of the 21st century, however, virtually all of it had
been logged,
paved or farmed into oblivion. Only about 3 percent of the
original
range still supports longleaf forest, and only about 10,000
acres of
that is uncut old-growth-the rest is forest that has regrown
after
cutting.
D. Figuring out how to bring back the piney woods also will
allow
biologists to help the plants and animals that depend on this
habitat.
Nearly two-thirds of the declining, threatened or endangered
species
in the southeastern United States are associated with
longleaf. The
outright destruction of longleaf is only part of their story,
says Mark
Danaher, the biologist for South Carolina’s Francis Marion
National
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Forest. He says the demise of these animals and plants also is
tied to
a lack of fire, which once swept through the southern forests
on a
regular basis. "Fire is absolutely critical for this ecosystem
and for the
species that depend on it," says Danaher.
E. Name just about any species that occurs in longleaf and you
can
find a connection to fire. Bachman’s sparrow is a secretive
bird with a
beautiful song that echoes across the longleaf flatwoods. It
tucks its
nest on the ground beneath dumps of wiregrass and little
bluestem in
the open under-story. But once fire has been absent for
several
years, and a tangle of shrubs starts to grow, the sparrows
disappear.
Gopher tortoises, the only native land tortoises east of
the
Mississippi, are also abundant in longleaf. A keystone species
for
these forests, its burrows provide homes and safety to more
than 300
species of vertebrates and invertebrates ranging from
eastern
diamond-back rattlesnakes to gopher frogs. If fire is
suppressed,
however, the tortoises are choked out. "If we lose fire," says
Bob
Mitchell, an ecologist at the Jones Center, "we lose
wildlife."
F. Without fire, we also lose longleaf. Fire knocks back the
oaks and
other hardwoods that can grow up to overwhelm longleaf
forests.
"They are fire forests," Mitchell says. "They evolved in the
lightning
capital of the eastern United States." And it wasn’t only
lightning
strikes that set the forest aflame. “Native Americans also lit
fires to
keep the forest open," Mitchell says. “So did the early
pioneers. They
helped create the longleaf pine forests that we know
today."
G. Fire also changes how nutrients flow throughout
longleaf
ecosystems, in ways we are just beginning to understand.
For
example, researchers have discovered that frequent fires
provide
extra calcium, which is critical for egg production, to
endangered
red-cockaded woodpeckers. Frances James, a retired avian
ecologist from Florida State University, has studied these
small
black-and-white birds for more than two decades in
Florida’s
sprawling Apalachicola National Forest. When she realized
female
woodpeckers laid larger clutches in the first breeding season
after
their territories were burned, she and her colleagues went
searching
for answers. "We learned calcium is stashed away in woody
shrubs
when the forest is not burned," James says. "But when there is
a fire,
a pulse of calcium moves down into the soil and up into the
longleaf."
Eventually, this calcium makes its way up the food chain to
a
tree-dwelling species of ant, which is the red-cockaded’s
favorite
food. The result: more calcium for the birds, which leads to
more
eggs, more young and more woodpeckers.
H. Today, fire is used as a vital management tool for
preserving both
longleaf and its wildlife. Most of these fires are prescribed
burns,
deliberately set with a drip torch. Although the public often
opposes
朗阁海外考试研究中心
Research Academy for Foreign Language Examinations
any type of fire—and the smoke that goes with it—these
frequent,
low-intensity bums reduce the risk of catastrophic
conflagrations.
"Forests are going to bum," says Amadou Diop, NWF’s
southern
forests restoration manager. "It’s just a question of when.
With
prescribed bums, we can pick the time and the place."
I. Restoring longleaf is not an easy task. The herbaceous
layer-the
understory of wiregrasses and other plants, also needs to
be
re-created. In areas where the land has not been chewed up
by
farming, but converted to slash pine plantations, the seed
bank of the
longleaf forest usually remains viable beneath the soil. In
time, this
original vegetation can be coaxed back. Where agriculture
has
destroyed the seeds, however, wire grass must be
replanted.
J. Bringing back longleaf is not for the short-sighted,
however. Few of
us will be alive when the pines being planted today become
mature
forests in 70 to 80 years. But that is not stopping longleaf
enthusiasts.
"Today, it’s getting hard to find longleaf seedlings to buy,"
one of the
private landowners says. "Everyone wants them. Longleaf is in
a
resurgence."
海口朗阁雅思专家题型难度分析
Questions 1-5
Complete the notes below.
Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each
answer.
Forest fire ensures that:
- Birds can locate their 1. nest in the ground.
- The burrows of a species of 2. tortoises provide...
- Hardwoods such as 3. oaks don’t take over.
Apart from fires lit by lightning:
- Fires are created by 4. Native Americans and settlers.
- Fires deliberately lit are called 5. prescribed burn.
Questions 6-9
Complete the flow-chart below.
Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.
How to increase the number of cockaded woodpeckers
Calcium stored in 6. shrubs
↓
Shrubs are burned
↓
Calcium released into 7. soil
↓
Travel up to the leaves
↓
8. ants are eaten
↓
朗阁海外考试研究中心
Research Academy for Foreign Language Examinations
Number of 9. eggs increases
↓
More cockaded woodpeckers
Questions 10-13
Do the following statements agree with the information given
in
Reading Passage 1?
10. The sparse distribution of longleaf pine trees leads to
the most
diversity of species. TRUE
11. It is easier to restore forests converted to farms than
forests
converted to plantations. FALSE
12. The cost to restore forest is increasing recently. NOT
GIVEN
13. Few can live to see the replanted forest reach its
maturity. TRUE
整体题型以直接填词的填空题及常规有序的是非无判断题组成，加上
文章体裁为考生较为熟悉的生态类话题，此篇阅读整体难度不高。
海口朗阁雅思专家题型技巧分析
1. 句子填空&流程图填空
句子填空题&流程图填空是顺序性填空题目，所需正确答案必须为文章
原词，根据空前空后可以较容易地定位到文中原句。此种题型要注意
定位准确度，所填词汇应满足句中语法性的要求，例如词性，单复数
等，另外还应注意字数要求的限制，正确答案应在要求以内，无需考
生自己进行总结归纳。
2. 是非无判断题
判断题因存在NOT GIVEN 这个选项，首先对于考生的要求是在定位
过程中判断是定位正确选择NOT GIVEN, 还是因为定位错误而判断为
NOT GIVEN。另外还应注意理解判断题中考点的设置，不要混淆
TRUE/FALSE 与NOT GIVEN。
剑桥雅思推荐原文
练习
剑 7 Test 1;
剑10 Test 1;
Reading Passage 2
Title: Gesture
Question types:
List of Heading;
Which paragraph contains the following information;
Multiple choice;
文章内容回顾讲身体姿势或手势对于人类生活的重要性
海口朗阁雅思专家题型难度分析
这篇文章的难度比第一篇的难度高，标题题及选择题对于考生的解题
能力要求很高，而且题目对应所需要读的句子比其他细节题要多，对
考生的时间概念要求也随之增高。再加上乱序的细节题目段落匹配题，
此篇阅读的难度又高出一个等级，相当于把正确率相对最低的题目组
合在了一起。
海口朗阁雅思专家题型技巧分析
对于此篇文章的题型组合，考生应先处理细节题，相对于段落匹配题
而言，选择题的出题特点是有顺序性而且较容易定位，所以应先处理
朗阁海外考试研究中心
Research Academy for Foreign Language Examinations
选择题。对于标题题及段落匹配的处理顺序，首先应先看考生平时两
种题目的正确率，判断擅长的一种题目先入手解题。一般而言，考虑
到标题题的出题套路，比段落匹配题较容易解决一些。对于这一篇阅
读一定要把握好做题时间，切不要耽搁太久耽误第三篇的解题。
剑桥雅思推荐原文
练习
剑 8 Test 4;
剑8 Test 2;
剑7 Test 4;
Reading Passage 3
Title: Curve Theater
Question types:
Multiple Choice 3 题；
YES/NO/NOT GIVEN 5 题；
Summary with choice 6 题；
文章内容回顾
莱斯特剧院是 Rafael Vinoly 事务所在英国完成的第一个项目。新大楼
按照原来典型的剧院风格进行配置。通过透明玻璃，公众可以自由观
赏到剧院建设。外部覆盖着金属百叶，以减少太阳直射。剧院里边是
两座会堂，各办事处和其他设施都设在L 形两侧后面。剧院还拥有一
间咖啡厅，在演出时间开放。还谈到了与其他剧院的对比等。
相关英文原文阅读
As an anchor for redevelopment of the St. George’s
Conservation
Area in downtown Leicester, Curve seeks to engage with the
life of
the community. Rafael Vinoly Architects PC thus turned the
typical
theater configuration “inside out”, exposing the
production,
construction, craft and technical components of the building
to the
public, and integrated the performance into the life of the
city itself.
The design accomplishes this with a four-story glazed curtain
wall
that reveals the two main performance venues, the 750-seat
main
theater and the 350-seat black box theater, situated on
opposite
sides of the main stage and surrounded by the public
ground-floor
lobby. The stage, lobby, and sidewalk are all at the same
level, with
ample visual connections among them, making the
theatrical
performance an extension of activity on the street. Metal
shutters
open the stage to either of the theaters, to both theaters at
once, or to
the lobby, allowing a wide variety of performance
configurations to
meet the community’s diverse cultural needs.
No distinction is made between front and back-of-house,
because the
stage itself can be made part of the lobby and circulation.
Situated at
ground level across the main lobby from the stage,
double-height
workshops and production spaces feature glass walls that
expose
production activities and make them a visible part of
the
performance.
Curve is a theater turned “inside out”, where production,
construction,
craft, and technical components are exposed to public view
and
integrated into the experience for the street. By dissolving
the
朗阁海外考试研究中心
Research Academy for Foreign Language Examinations
distinction between production and performance, the
building
extends the theatrical arts into the public realm and makes
them
more accessible.
Four metal shutters that rise into the overhead fly space are
used to
open the stage to either of the two adjoining theaters, to
both theaters
at once, or even to the lobby and street, allowing a wide
variety of
performance configurations to meet the diverse cultural needs
of the
community. Traditionally-weighted proscenium shutters face
the
theaters, and movable side walls control visibility to the
lobby and
street; each shutter is paneled on both sides for fire
insulation and
acoustic control.
The lobby is conceived of as another performance site, one
that can
be sued in conjunction with or separately from the main stage,
with all
the necessary lighting and sound equipment hung from the
balustrade of the second-floor balcony that rings the facility
just
inside the glass curtain wall. The balcony provides another
vantage
point for watching such “out-of-the-box” performances, or
functions
simply as a platform for viewing the city. Acoustic properties
inherent
to double-layer construction of the glass curtain wall shield
lobby
performances from street noise.
While the curved southeastern face is a louvered glass curtain
wall,
four-story bar buildings form Curve’s west and north
elevations,
which obscure a National Car Park (NCP) Construction to the
west
and which materially coordinate with historic buildings to the
north
along Rutland Street. These rectangular volumes house
administrative offices, production facilities, dressing rooms,
rehearsal
spaces, the box office, a recording studio, a kitchen, and
various
other storage and support needs. Circulation balconies at
upper
levels overlook the foyer and allow physical and visual
connections
between staff, performers, and the audience that activate a
dramatic
engaging public space. The black-box and main theaters are
painted
red and purple, respectively, to further enliven the
foyer.
Public circulation is concentrated primarily on the main floor
at grade
level, which includes the theaters, stage, box office and
restaurant.
Furthermore, an additional public, upper foyer-level walkway
allows
for circulation, performances, and vantage point from
which
audiences can watch performances in the lower main foyer.
Staff
circulation is at the ground floor as well for production
needs, but also
along the upper basement levels.
海口朗阁雅思专家题型难度分析
27-29 Multiple Choice
27. 第一段提到一个theatre 的目的？选：challenge the traditional
architecture
28. 第一段关于歌剧院的描述，哪个是正确的？选：A. the name is a
little strange
朗阁海外考试研究中心
Research Academy for Foreign Language Examinations
29. 选：make the building process completed
30-34 YES/NO/NOT GIVEN
30. 问是否有其他建筑可以与它相比。YES
31. 这个建筑开建之前已经获得认可had a permit。NO
32. 这个音乐厅建成之后其他地区的音乐厅就要关门了。NOT GIVEN
33. 设计师的目的是为了符合导演/表演家将来的风格。YES
34. 音乐厅是copy another theatre in ...。NO
35-40 Summary with choice
临街的人people 35. on-view能看到stagehand at work, and large
36.
vehicles。演员从化妆室dressing room 37. behind the scene 出来会
经过一个public space, 就是public actor 38. performance, 然后表演
是没有场地限制之类的。音乐厅的外壁用了39. curtain。更衣室离舞
台比较远，要走一段距离walk a 40. huge distance.
此篇阅读的题型较第一篇略难，比第二篇略简单些。选择题考察理解，
带选项的填空题难度略高。
海口朗阁雅思专家题型技巧分析
带选项的填空题对于文中句子的概括会更高，因此对于考生定位及筛
选答案的要求增高，但是空中的语法性原则及整体顺序性原则不变，
因此平时练习时也应注意提高此类题目的正确率。
剑桥雅思推荐原文
练习
剑 6 Test 3;
剑8 Test 3;
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