北师大版高中英语必修5 Unit13 lesson 1：

过去分词

一、功能

1、作表语

That news is hardly surprising. 那消息并不令人吃惊。 

I was surprised why he came here so early. 他为什么那么早到这里, 我很惊奇。

与现在分词的区别：

分词作表语时，句子的主语就是该分词的逻辑主语。但现在分词表示主语的性质，意为“令人……”，主语多为物；而过去分词表示主语的心理感受或状态，意为“感到……”，主语多为人。

2、作定语

We can see the rising sun.

Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists.

His surprised look made us surprised.

与现在分词的区别：

分词作定语，其逻辑主语是被修饰词（即中心词）。但现在分词作定语强调主动，表达动作正在进行；而过去分词强调被动，动作已完成。

3、作状语

A) 原因状语

Tired by the trip, he soon fell asleep.

= Because he was tired by the trip, he soon fell asleep.

B) 时间状语

Seen from the hill, the city looks like a garden.

=When the city is seen from the hill, it looks like a garden.

C) 条件状语

Given more time, I would have worked out the problem.

=If I had been given more time, I would have worked out the problem.

D) 让步状语

Warned of the storm, the farmers were still working in the fields.

= Though they had been warned of the storm, the farmers were still working in the fields.

E) 伴随状语

The teacher came in, followed by some students.

=The teacher came in and he was followed by some students.

F) 连词+分词（短语）

有时为使分词短语与主句关系更清楚，可在分词前面加连词。

While waiting there, he saw two pretty girls come out of the building.

If seen on the top of the mountain, the city looks more beautiful.

Though told of the danger, he still risked his life to save the boy.

与现在分词的区别：

分词作状语时，句子的主语就是该分词的逻辑主语。但现在分词作状语时，与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所表示的动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；而过去分词则表示被动关系，所示动作一般发生在谓语动词之前或同时发生。

4、作宾语补足语

I saw him crossing the road.

I saw him beaten black and blue.

与现在分词的区别：

分词作宾语补足语时，句子的宾语就是该分词的逻辑主语。但现在分词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所表示的动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；而过去分词则表示被动关系，所示动作一般发生在谓语动词之前或同时发生。

二、练习

用正确的分词形式完成句子

1．He found his phone________(disconnect) as he didn’t pay his bill.

2．Have you noticed classical music usually_______(play) by TV commercials for luxury cars?

3．The car turned away，________(head) for the countryside.

4．________(recognize) as a man of many talents，the young man has a promising future.

5．The old man looked very pleased to see that his apartment beautifully________(decorate)．

6．Ways must be found to deal with the constant noise_______(cause) serious health problems.

7．Can those _______(seat) at the back of the classroom hear me?

8．We must have our windows_______(repair) before winter comes，or we’ll freeze.

9．_______(shock) at the terrible working conditions，we decided to quit the job.

10．The flight_______(delay) by the storm is for Xia’men.

答案：

1.disconnected　2.played　3.heading　  4.Recognized     5．decorated　

6.causing　       7.seated　 8.repaired    9．Shocked　  10.delayed