北师大版高中英语必修4 Unit11 lesson 1：

被动语态（Ⅱ）

一、主动表示被动的几种情况

1. 英语中有很多动词，如sell，read，write，wash等，当它们作不及物动词，用来描述主语特征时，其主动形式表达被动含义。

This kind of radio doesn't sell well.这种收音机销路不好。

注意：主动表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。

The door won't lock．门锁不上。（指门本身有毛病）

The door won't be locked．门不会被锁上。（指不会有人来锁门）

2. 一些连系动词的主动式＋形容词。常见动look, smell, taste, sound, feel, prove, turn out等。

The apples taste good.     The news proved true.       Cotton feels soft.

3. 有少数动词(cook, print)的进行时有时有被动意义，句子的主语指物。

The magazine is printing.      The meat is cooking.

4．在need (want，require)等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动含义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。

The house needs repairing（to be repaired）．

5. be worth 后只接动名词的主动式，但表达被动含义。

The book is well worth reading.

6. 某些动词不定式的主动形式表被动含义。

① 当nice, easy, fit, difficult等形容词后跟不定式作状语，而句子的主语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动含义。

Japanese is not difficult to learn．     This book is easy to read．

② 当动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时，且不定式与句中另一名词（多为主语）有主谓关系。不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。如： I have a lot of work to do today． He has three children to look after．

注意：如果以上句型用动词不定式的被动形式，其含义有所区别。如： Do you have some clothes to be washed?你有衣服需要洗吗?（衣服不是自己洗）

③ He is to blame. (他该受责备)

二、练习

1. Would you please keep silent? The weather report _____ and I want to listen.

   A. is broadcast     B. is being broadcast   C. has been broadcast       D. had been broadcast

2. I like these English songs and they ________many times on the radio.

   A. taught     B. have taught     C. are taught    D. have been taught

3. I got caught in the rain and my suit ______.

   A. has ruined     B. had ruined     C. has been ruined     D. had been ruined

4. Every possible means _______ to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.

   A. is used    B. are used   C. has been used   D. have been used

5. Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future ______to the well-educated.

   A. belongs    B. is belonged     C. is belonging    D. will be belonged

6. The water ______ cool when I joined into the pool for morning exercise.

   A. was felt    B. is felt      C. felt     D. feels

7. Mr. Green stood up in defence of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one ______ .

   A. blamed        B. blaming     C. to blame       D. to be blamed

8. The Town Hall _____ in the 1800's was the most distinguished building at that time.

   A. to be completed  B. having been completed   C. completed        D. being completed

9. After he became conscious，he remembered______ and_____on the head with a rod．

    A. to attack;hit        B. to be attacked；to be hit

    C. attacking；be hit    D. having been attacked；hit

10. When ____ help, one often says “Thank you.” or “It's kind of you.”

A. offering    B. to offer      C. to be offered     D. offered

================  答案及来源 ===================

1.B 09湖南    2.D 08安徽   3.C 07北京    4.C 00上海春考  5.A 09重庆    6.C 06全国1

7.C 06安徽    8.C 07上海   9.D 06江西    10.D 05福建