语法第二课
(2014-08-15 18:38:51)
标签:
主谓一致 |
分类: 英语语音、语法、词汇、演讲等 |
Lesson
2
Subject-verb
Concord (I)
2.1 Guiding principles
1)
Grammatical concord
2)
Notional concord
3)
Proximity
2.2 Problems of concord with nouns ending in -s
Disease and game names ending in –s
They are mostly treated as singulars.
A few such names can be used either as singular or as
plural.
Subject names ending in –ics
Such names are generally singular nouns, but some such nouns are
treated as plural when used in other senses than subject
names.
Geographical names ending in –s
Plural except for a few treated as singular when used as country
names.
4)
Other nouns ending in –s
Disease and game names ending in –s
They
are mostly treated as singulars.
A few such names can be used either as singular or as
plural.
Measles, mumps, rickets, shingles, diabetes, arthritis, phlebitis, AIDS, etc.
Subject names ending in –ics
Such names are generally singular nouns, but some such nouns are
treated as plural when used in other senses than subject
names.
Acoustics, classics, electronics, informatics, linguistics,
mechanics, optics, plastics, thermodynamics,
etc.
Geographical names ending in –s
Plural except for a few treated as singular when used as country
names.
Other nouns ending in –s
Calipers, compasses, flares, forceps, glasses, jeans, pants,
pincers, pliers, scales, scissors, shades, shorts, suspenders,
spectacles, etc.
2.3 problems of concord with collective nouns as subject
1) Collective nouns usually used as plural
People, police, cattle, militia, poultry, vermin,
etc.
2) Collective nouns usually used as singular
Foliage, cutlery, poetry, machinery, equipment, furniture,
merchandise, etc.
3) Collective nouns used either as plural or as singular
Couple, crew, government, majority, opposition
,etc
4) A committee, etc + plural noun
A committee / board / panel of
练习题:
Choose an acceptable verb form from the two given in brackets according to the standard of formal writing:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Keys:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.