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     SAT语法考试题型和考试重点与中国国内中考高考的语法题目很不相同，比如改进句子题Improving Sentences(简称IS)对考生的要求是“the ability to recognize and write clear, effective and accurate sentences”，正确答案是“clear and precise, without awkwardness or ambiguity”, 从语法知识转移到了清晰，准确，简洁的表达方式，杜绝冗余和模糊的表达。这种题型对中国学生而言要比SAT语法改错题更难适应。因为在中国的传统英语教育和测试中，对于 “简洁，有效表达”这一知识点的训练和检验是很少的，但却是是SAT语法改错题的正确选项的一个最重要的标准之一，也就是说，在做题的时候不仅仅会考学生是否能判断这个句子在语法层面正确与否，而且会考到这个句子在措辞和表达方面是否有效和简洁。因此刚开始接触SAT语法的童鞋会觉得很有难度，但是我们也不需要灰心。首先，SAT语法的难度相比阅读和写作还是小了许多。其次，通过大量练习和深入研究，我们不难发现，语法部分考题的规律性极强、核心考点重复率高、正确率受到考生词汇量影响不大，而且通过训练也是提分最快和分数最稳定的部分。我们可以经过系统、合理的复习，掌握正确的解题要领，语法部分完全有可能成为童鞋们提升空间最大、除数学部分外得分最容易的题型。

     以下笔者以句子改进题为例对其解题技巧进行讲解：

        1．抓住明显错误进行排除，首先大家需要寻找划线部分是否有明显的语法错误或逻辑错误，有的话马上排除，再纵向寻找答案，把选项中没有改正这些错误的都给排除掉。2．利用常考考点作为切入点，比如代词指代错误，性数格不一致，句子不完整，时态错误等等，有时如果把一些常考考点给记住的话，就可以大大提高解题的速度和正确率。3.利用对称性解题,与汉语一样，英语在行文上也讲究对称性，而这一点在比较结构和平行结构中非常常见，即要求尽可能在语法功能上和形式结构上表达一致。4．对比选项，从选项中寻找答案,有时比较完选项后，很难从已给信息中找出答案，这时我们可以比较剩下的选项，由选项中的不同来寻找答案。

    例1：  One of the most popular and attractive new cars were available for so little money that people thought something was wrong.

       a. were were available for so little money that people thought something was wrong.

     b. was available for so little money that people thought something were

     c. was available for so little money that people thought something has gone

     d. was available for so little money that people thought something was

     e. was selling for so little money that people thought something was

看完划线部分,再比对前面的主语one of the most important and attractive new cars,我们排除a,b 选项，它们都违反了主谓一致：

     a. were available for so little money that people thought something was wrong.

     b. was available for so little money that people thought something were

再看c选项有明显的语法不一致： was available for so little money that people thought something has gone，has gone是现在完成时态，和句子中的过去时态是不相容的。而e选项明显错误，其宾语从句something was wrong应该由that来引导，而不是of it as，随意该题的正确答案是d.

    例2: The tornado ripped through the central part of town, toppling small building, uprooting trees, and power lines were snapped.
       a. and power lines were snapped
       b. power lines snapping
       c. snapping power lines  
       d. snapped power lines
       e. power lines snapped

    观察题目，toppling small building, uprooting trees, and power lines were snapped，我们可以看出该题考的是parallelism（平行或是对称），toppling small building, uprooting trees都是用现在分词表示结果，划线部分的power lines 和snap 之间存在被动关系，所以此处用该使用过去分词，因此正确选项是c.

    对于对称的考点我们再看一例：

    例3：Although criticized by a few for her dareevil aviation escapades, most people viewed Amelia Earhart as a skillful pilot.

       a. most people viewed Amelia Earhart as a skillful pilot

       b. most people viewed Amelia Earhart to be a skillful pilot

       c. a skillful pilot was what most people viewed Amelia Earhart as

       d. Amelia Earhart was viewed by most people as a skillful pilot

       e. Amelia Earhart, a skillful pilot in the view of most people viewed

    表面上看考生会觉得划线部分没有任何的语法错误，但是我们对照从句Although criticized by a few for her dareevil aviation escapades，其实它是有被动语态的Although （she was）criticized by a few for her dareevil aviation escapades,所以遵循我们的平行和对称原则我们应该选d.

    例4： whether the ancient Egyptians sailed or did not to South America remains uncertain, but Heyerdahl’s Ra Ⅱ expidition demonstrated that they could have done so.

       a. whether the ancient Egyptians sailed or did not

       b. whether in actuality the Egyptians sailed or did not

       c. The actuality of the sailing by the ancient Egyptians  

       d. That the ancient Egyptians actually sailed  

       e. The ancient Egyptians, their actual sailing

     观察选项a，b, did 和or did not是多余的，它们分别重复了由sailed和whether the acient Egyptians sailed传达的信息，因此该选项都犯了redundancy(冗余)的错误；  c选项错误地把主语换成了actuality, 而e选项是一个sentence fragment(句子片段)， 因此语法上是不完整的。

        在备考SAT句子改进题的阶段，我们建议考生多做真题，并对语法现象进行分析，知其然和知其所以然，真正把这部分题目拿下，以弥补我们在阅读方面的劣势。

                                                 来源：上海澳际学校   作者：梁菊老师