录音：http://www.tudou.com/programs/view/9uDasnJaSNg/

 

 

 

Chapter Six：Note-taking（笔记法）

 

 

 

1.    Why we need to take notes?

2.    How to take notes when interpreting?

3.    What’s the difference between short-handing(速记)and note-taking?

 

1.    Note-taking is to help our interpreting and to get more information accurately just because we can’t bear in mind all the message, information and data even the most professional interpreter in a very short period of time.

 

2.    When the target is very complicated and informative, it is overburden for most people to remember each tissue consist of large numbers of statistics, data, numbers, messages and information right.

 

 

3.    Short-handing is only used for secretaries for their bosses and leaders to memorize everything including words sentences and even punctuation marks described in their agenda everyday. It is very much the same as dictation while you are taking your English exam. It is a much simpler and personalized system, and the made-up articles are often appears of complete and fully-prepared text.

 

While 1. note-taking in interpreting, it is a reproduction of the general idea, the meaning, messages, information cover what the speaker said. It is a process of 2. self-understanding and paraphrasing of the interpreter. When we taking notes in the process of interpreting, we just want to help us to analysis and comprehend the general idea of the target, not let others read our notes.

 

 

 

 

◆    [Suggestions]

 

有所记有所不记（记什么：n.帮助联想，搭配，数据double-check with the speaker，逻辑关系；不记：常规性的知识，“领导说三点”）

 

 

 

 

 

◆    [Standards]

 

1.    分心原则（How to distribute your time, focus, energy应该边抄边记；中翻英：3分听，7分记；英翻中：7分听，3分记they are various accordingly）

 

2.    借用原则（上下文中反复出现的东西用符号代替）

 

3.    简化原则（simplify the process, the information and the words, vary from person to person）

 

4.    取舍原则（matter of choice，必须记：逻辑层次，起承转合）

 

 

 

 

◆     [personal note-taking system]

 

个人记笔记系统的形成 = practice + personal （coordination协调，1000h，except of students who passed TEM-8）

 

 

 

 

◆     [Others]

 

1. 竖着记（A4纸）

2. 缩进

3. 换行

4. 并列与分层

 

 

 

 

◆     [Practice]

 

（总）我的第一个先生就是我的母亲。

 

（分）我已经说过使我认识“爱”字的是她。在我幼小的时候，她是我的世界的中心。她很完满地体现了一个“爱”字。她使我知道人间的温暖；她使我知道爱与被爱的幸福。她常常用温和的口气，对我解释种种的事情。她教我爱一切的人，不管他们贫或富；她教我帮助那些在困苦中需要扶持的人；她教我同情那些境遇不好的婢仆，怜恤他们，不要把自己看得比他们高，动辄将他们打骂。

 

 

巴金《我的第一个老师》

 

 

■翻译解析：

 

1.我的第一个先生就是我的母亲。我已经说过使我认识“爱”字的是她。

照译：The first teacher of mine is my mother. I have said that she made me know the word “love”.
变译：Mother is my first teacher who, as I said before, awakened(v唤醒，初意识到) in me a sense of love（爱的感觉）.

 

解析：

“照译”系常见的初学者的译文，看似忠实。汉语表达“认识‘爱’字”的意思是“懂得了爱”，而英语know the word “love”却令native speakers费解。

变译者使用了“换译”的方法，将“认识‘爱’字”换成了地道的英语表达awakened in me a sense of love，异曲而同工！

变译者的另一个方法是“合译”，原文两句，以逗号分开，而英译却将两句“捏”成一句。中间插入短语as I said before，天衣无缝！

 

 

2.在我幼儿的时候，她是我的世界的中心。她很完满地体现了一个“爱”字。

照译：In my childhood, she was the center of my world. She incarnated（化身为，代表） perfectly the word “love”.
变译：She was the center of the world in my early childhood, the very image（象征） of love itself.

 

解析：

这次，变译者运用了“缩译”之法，把原句里的一独立句（她很完满地体现了一个“爱”字。）大胆地“缩”成英译中的一个同位语（the very image of love itself），从而获得了行文之畅洁。上句的“缩译”还导致了“合译”，两句汉语自然合译了一句英语。

 

 

3.她使我知道人间的温暖；她使我知道爱与被爱的幸福。

照译：She made me know the warmth in the world; she made me know the happiness to love and to be loved.
变译：It was to her that I owed my awareness of the fact that there is warmth in the world --- that to show love is no less happiness than（不少于，比..多） to be loved.

 

解析：

【使我知道爱与被爱的幸福】是平面的，叙述性的，而英译to show love is no less happiness than to be loved则是立体的，分析性的，堪称“创意之译”，或简称“创译”。因为常人习惯认为to be loved与to show love相比，前者更乐，更幸福。

 

 

4.她常常用温和的口气，对我解释种种的事情。

照译：She would speak to me in gentle tone, explaining all kinds of things to me.
变译：How tenderly（温柔的） and gently she explained to me all sorts of things!

 

解析：

钱钟书所言得其“意”而忘其“形”，当然，这个“形”在上句中是指其句型。“用温和的口气”系一般描述，而其相应英译How tenderly and gently确是强烈的慨叹。（但在大家考试中不提倡改变句型来翻译原文）

 

 

5.她教我爱一切的人，不管他们贫与富；她教我帮助那些在困苦中需要扶持的人。

照译：She taught me to love everyone, no matter the person is rich or poor. She taught me to help the persons who were in need of support.

变译：She told me it was good to love people, whether poor or rich, and be always ready to（总是很乐意） give a helping hand to those in need or in trouble.

 

解析：

【她教我爱一切的人】 She told me it was good to love people.

英译“大胆地”增加了it was good.

【她教我帮助那些在困苦中需要扶持的人】be always ready to give a helping hand to those in need or in trouble.
英译又“无根据”地增加了be always ready to（情愿地）

 

 

6.她教我同情那些景遇不好的婢仆，怜恤他们，不要把自己看得比他们高，动辄将他们打骂。

照译：She taught me to be sympathetic to the slave-girls and servants, kind and gentle to them, who were living in poor condition. Don’t regard yourself as superior to them, beat and scold them at every turn.

变译：She advised me to give a sympathetic（同情的） thought to servants（仆人） and maids（婢女）, who were not so fortunate（幸运的） as we were in their circumstances（境遇）, and never look down upon them like a superior（高级的，上级）. They deserved compassion（同情）, rather than maltreatment（虐待） on the slightest（最轻微的） pretext（借口）.

 

解析：

【境遇不好】who were not so fortunate as we were in their circumstances.
与其称此译为“翻译”，不如称此译为“释译”！若作“回译”，可译：他们的生活环境不如我们那么幸运。由此可见，这种似乎“离谱”的“释译”更精确更丰满地传递了“景遇不好”的内涵。

【将他们打骂】--> They deserved compassion, rather than maltreatment on the slightest pretext.
【打骂】二字被译成了maltreatment，不仅其涵盖面趋宽，更重要的是表达由丑趋美，把丑和美诠释得更加明显，两级更加分化，表达更加立体。

【动辄】非常精巧地译成了on the slightest pretext（哪怕是最少的，最轻微的借口也不要大骂他们）