BELL

war

rebel    

n./adj./v.

oppose by force

antebellum

adj.

before the war

bellicose

adj.

quarrelsome

belligerence

n.

aggressiveness

belligerent

adj

inclined or eager to fight

PACT/PEASE

① agree

② fasten

pacify

vt.

to make peaceful

pacifist

n./vt.者

one who oppcoses war

pact

n.

solemn agreement

appease

vt.＋

to calm by satisfying

HOSP/HOST

host

hostage

n.

person held by party in a conflict

hospice

n.

A shelter or lodging for travelers

hostel

n.

inexpensive lodging place

inhospitable

adj.－

unfriendly

AM/IM

love

paramour

n.人

lover in an adulterous relationship.

inimical

adj.－

injurious or harmful in effect

enamored

adj.＋

fell for

amateur

n.

A person who engages in…(not p)

CRIM

crime

recrimination

n.

counterattack

incriminate

vt.＋

accuse

decriminalize

vt.－

reduce penalty for

criminology

n.学科

study of illegal behavior

PROB／PROV

prove / test

reprobate

v./n./a.－

rascal

probity

n.人格

utter honesty

disprove

v.

Demonstrate (证实不)

approbation

n.＋

approval

GRAV

Heavy(心理／物理)

gravid

adj.

pregnant

gravitas

n.抽象

solemn dignity

gravitate

v.

move toward as if drawn

gravity

n.

seriousness

LEV

Light→raise, rise

alleviate

vt.＋

relieve

elevate

vt.

lift, raise

leavening

n.

something that lightens

levity

n.

lack of seriousness

AG

increase

add

agitate

v.

shake up

litigate

v.

(letter) argue in court

prodigal

adj./n.＋

lavish

synagogue

n.

temple

VEN/VENT

walk, go

advent

n.＋

arrival

provenance

n.＋

origin

venturesome

adj.主动

daring

venue

n.

place

CAP／CEP／CIP

hold, take

reception

n.

receiving

incipient

adj.

beginning

perceptible

adj.＋

noticeable/obvious/apparent

susceptible

adj./n.

(sub) easily influenced

FIN

last→terminal →boundary→limit 

infinitesimal

adj./n.－

tiny (small)

affinity

n.人格＋

attraction/sympathy

definitive

adj.－

ultimate

finite

adj.

limited

JAC/JEC

cast

adjacent

adj.＋

near/touching/bordering near by

conjecture

n./v.合

suppose/conclude/guess

dejected

adj.－

downcast/depressed/forlorn

trajectory

n.

curve/path/line

TRACT

draw

detract

v.－

decrease/diminish/minimize

protracted

a．推迟

lengthened/continued/extended

retraction

n.否

withdrawal/disavowal/denial

intractable

adj.－

uncontrollable/stubborn/untouchable

DUC

lead

conducive

n.

helpful

deduction

n.－

subtraction

seduction

n.

temptation

induce

vt.－

persuade

SEC／SEQU

follow

consequential

adj.

significant

execute

vt.

produce

obsequious

adj.－

flattering

sequential

adj.

ordered

AMBI /

AMPHI

both sides→around

amphibian

adj./n.

living both on land and in water

amphitheater

n.

stage surrounded with tiered seats

ambiguous

adj.

having more than one

ambient

adj./n.

surrounding

ambivalent

adj.

wavering

ambulance

n.

equipped vehicle used to transport the sick or injured

EP/EPI

①on, upon, over

②side→not centric

ephemeral

adj.

short-lived

epiphyte

n.

non-parasitic plant growing on another

epitaph

n.

grave inscription

epithet

n.

descriptive nickname

HYPO/HYP

under,

belong

hypocrisy

n. critics

insincerity

hypothermia

n.毛病

warm subnormal temperature

hypothetical

adj.

放置 assumed

THERM/THERMO

warm, temperature

thermal

adj.

keeping warm

thermocouple

n.

temperature gauge

thermonuclear

adj.

nuclear reaction requiring high heat

thermo cline

n.

area between warm and cold water

POLY

many

much

polychromatic

adj.

having or exhibiting many colors.

polycentric

adj.

having several central parts

polygamy

n.

plural marriage

polyphony

n. phone

music with more parts sounded

PRIM

first

primogeniture

n.

first-born or eldest child (gene)

primordial

adj.

original  (ordinary)

primparous

adj.

parents→bear

primary

adj.

first or highest in rank

HOM/HOMO

uniform,

same

homonym

n.

word spelled or sounded the same

homogeneous

adj.

consistent throughout

homologous

adj.

of similar origin

homophone

n.

word that sounds like another

DIS (DI, DIF, DIV, DE)

①     away

②     apart

diffraction

n.

breaking up of light waves (break)

dissension

n.

disagreement (sense)

disseminate

v.

spread widely (seed)

dissipate

v.

scatter (吮)

VOR

eat

herbivore

n. glass

an animal feeds chiefly on plants

omnivore

n. all

takes in everything available

carnivore

n.

a flesh-eating animal

insectivore

n.

feeds mainly on insects

CRAN

flesh

carnage

n.

a massacre

carnation

n.

clove pink

carnival

n.

a festival marked by merrymaking

incarnation

n.

a bodily manifestation

CRED

believe

trust

creed

n.

principles

credulity

n.

superficial/easy acceptance

creditable

adj.

well-down

credence

n.

trustfulness

FID

believe

trust

affidavit

n.

sworn document

diffident

adj.

timid, shy (←→confident)

fiduciary

adj./n.

trust-based

perfidy

n.

bad faith

CURR/CURS

run, walk

concurrent

a./adj.

simultaneous

cursory

adj.

hasty (cure)

discursive

adj.

rambling （amble）

precursor

n.

forerunner

PED

food

child

expedient

adj./n.

convenient

expedite

adj./v.

speed up

impediment

n.－

obstacle

pedestrian

adj./n.

ordinary

FLEC/FLEX

bend

deflect

v.

turn aside

flexor

n.

muscle

genuflect

v.

kneel (gene)

inflection

n.

change in pitch

POST

after, back

posterior

adj.

on the back

posthumous

adj.

occurring after death (human, humid, water, earth )

postmodern

adj./n.

using past styles anti-modern

postmortem

adj./n.死

after the event

MAL

bad

ill

evil

malevolent

adj.

wishing evil

malicious

adj.

mean

malign

adj./v.

speak ill (design, sign)

malnourished

adj.

fed poorly

CATA

down

cataclysm

n.

natural disaster

catacomb

n.

underground cemetery

catalyst

n.

agent of change (loose)

catatonic

n./adj.

motionless (move)

PROT/

PROTO

in front of

the first

protagonist

n.

hero or heroine

protocol

n.

rules of behavior

protoplasm

n.

cell contents

prototype

n.

madel

ANTE

in front of

before

anterior

adj.

towards the front

antechamber

n.

waiting room

antedate

n./v.

to date before

ante meridiem

adv.

before noon

ORTH/

ORTHO

direct,

straight

orthodox

adj.

conventional

orthodontics

n.

dentistry for crooked teeth

orthopedics

n. 学科

treatment of skeletal defects

orthography

n.语言文字

correct spelling

RECT

direct,

straight

rectitude

n.品德

integrity

rectify

vt.

make right

rectilinear

adj.

moving in a straight line

rector

n.

headmaster

EU

good, well

eugenic

adj.＋

promoting superior (gene)

euphemism

n.

polite term

euphoria

n.

great happiness

evangelism

n.

crusading zeal

DYS/DIS

against

dysfunctional

n.

impaired

dyslexia

n.

reading disorder (read)

dyspeptic

n./adj.

beset by indigestion (digest)

dystrophy

n.奖品

muscular deterioration

ROG

ask

request

abrogate

vt.

neglect, abolish, ignore

arrogate

v.

claim, seize, grab

derogatory

adj.

critical, unflattering, scornful

prerogative

n.

right, power, privilege

QUIS

ask

request

inquisition

n.

interrogation, inquiry

perquisite

n.

privilege, bonus, right

acquisitive

adj.

grasping, grabby, greedy

requisition

n./vt.

purchase order, request, demand

PLE

PLI

PLY

①     fold

②     multiply

③     full

complement

n./vt.

number required, counterpart

deplete

vt.

draw down, drain

implement

n./vt./v＋

put into practice, put to use

replete

adj.

abundantly, full

MATR

measure

metric

adj.

relating to poetic rhythm,

relating to a measuring system

odometer

n.

distance measurer (distance)

symmetrical

adj.

balanced (same)

tachometer

n.

speed measurer

AUD

hearing

auditor

n.

financial examiner

auditory

adj.

relating to hearing

audition

n.

a critical hearing

inaudible

adj.

impossible to hear

SON

sound

dissonant

adj.

unharmonious

resonance

n.

continuing or echoing sound

sonic

adj.

involving sound

ultrasound

n.

diagnostic technique (alt→out)

ERR

stray→walk

aberrant

adj.

deviating from the proper

errant

adj.

roving

erratic

adj./n.

having no fixed ,wandering.

erroneous

adj.

mistaken

CED/CES

pace, walk, progress

accede

v.

to give one's consent

antecedent

n./adj.

one that precedes another.

concession

n.

the act of conceding

precedent

n.

an example in dealing with subsequent similar instances

VID/VIS

appear, look, vision

visage

n.

appearance

vis-à-vis

n./prep./adv.

compared to

visionary

adj./n. 人

prophet

visitation

n.

official call

SPIC/

SPEC

look, watch

auspicious

n.＋

favorable, promising

conspicuous

adj. 一起

noticeable

introspection

n. 自己

self-examination

perspicacious

adj. 提前

shrewd

VOC/VOK

sound, voice

equivocate

vi. 等

to avoid making an explicit statement

irrevocable

adj.－

impossible to retract or revoke

provoke

v.

to incite to anger or resentment

vociferous

adj.

vehement outcry  (carry)

PHON

sound

cacophony

n.

discordant sound  (disorder)

phonetic

adj.

representing the sounds of speech with a set of distinct symbols

polyphonic

adj. 多

two or more phonetic values, music of  polyphony

symphony

n.

complex sonata (same)

CUR

cure→care

curative

n./adj.

healing

curator

n.

caretaker

procure

v.

obtain

sinecure

n. 罪恶

easy job, effortless

PERI

around

perimeter

n.

boundary

periodontal

adj.

around a tooth

peripatetic

n./adj.

wandering

peripheral

n./adj.

supplementary

SENT/

SENS

sense

sensational

adj.抽

outstandingly overconfident

sentient

adj./n.

receiving perceptions

sentiment

n.

opinion colored by emotion

sensuous

adj.

gratifying the senses

SOPH

wisdom

sophistry

n.

false reasoning

sophisticated

adj.

highly complex

sophomoric

adj.

immaturely overconfident

theosophy

n.

doctrine of God and the world

TEND/

TENT

stretch,

extend

tendentious

adj.

marked by a strong implicit point of view

portend

v. pro

to serve as an omen or a warning of; presage

distend

v.

to swell out or expand from

extenuate

vt.

palliate, to make thin or emaciated

PEBD/

PENS

hang

appendage

n.

an adjunct

expend

vt.

to lay out; spend

propensity

n.

predilection

stipend

n.

a fixed and regular payment

PAN

general

all

complete

panacea

n.

a cure-all

pandemonium

n.

a very noisy place

panegyric

n.

an encomium

panoply

n.

ceremonial attire with all accessories

EXTRA

extra

extraneous

adj.

irrelevant, extrinsic

extramundane

adj.

occurring or existing outside of the universe

extrapolate

v.

estimate by projecting known information.

extrovert

n.

an individual interested in others  (shift)

PHOS/

PHOT

light

phosphorescent

adj.

glowing

photogenic

n.

visually appealing  （gene）

photon

n.

elemental 光子

photosynthesis

n.

production of organic matter  (综合)

LUC

light

elucidate

vt. ex

clarify

lucent

adj.

brightly clear

lucubration

n.

hard study

translucent

adj.

passing diffused light

MOR/

MORT

dead

immortality

n.

endless life

moribund

a./n.

about to die   (boundary)

mortician

n.

funeral director

mortify 物质

v.

to cause to experience wounded pride

NEC

NIC

NOX

damage

injury

internecine

adj.

ruinous or fatal to both sides

necrosis

n.

death of cells

noxious

adj.

injurious to health

pernicious

adj.

deadly (throw out)

HER

HES

stick

inherent

a.＋

inherited

incoherent

a.－

confused

cohesion

n.

unity

adherent

n.＋

follower

FUG

flee

escape

subterfuge

n.

underhanded  (plot)

fugue

n./v.

musical form

fugitive  人

a./n.

escapee

centrifuge

n.

moving outward

COSM

order

harmony

cosmetic

n./a.

for the sake of appearance

cosmology

n.

decryption of the universe

cosmopolitan

n./a.

sophisticated

cosmos

n.

universe

SCI

know

understand

conscientious

adj.

scrupulous, observable

omniscience

n.

universal knowledge (all, complete)

prescient

adj.

having foresight

unconscionable

a.－

inexcusable  意识

JUNCT

connect

join

adjunct

n./a.

addition

disjunction

n.

break

injunction

n.－

order

junta

n.

group

PART

local

limit→

part

partisan

n.

supporter

participle

n.

verb part

impartial

adj.

fair

impart

vt.

disclose

MIT

MIS

send

emissary 人

n. ex

agent 

manumission

n.

emancipation, release, liberate  (hand)

missive

n.

letter

remittance

n.

payment

PEL

PULS

drive

compel

vt.

drive irresistibly  (force)

expel

v.

drive out

impel

vt.

force by moral pressure

repulsion

n.

disgust

PUT

think

disputatious

adj.－

argumentative

impute

vt.－

attribute

putative

adj.＋

assumed

reputed

adj.－

believed

LOG

word→

speech

eulogy

n.＋

high praise

monologue

n.

speech   (single)

neologism

n.

new word

genealogy

n.

family history

TERR

earth

parterre

n.

theater area  (part)

subterranean

adj.

under the ground

terrarium

n.地点

contained

terrestrial

adj.

earthly

MAR

sea

aquamarine

n.

blue-green gem

marina

n.

small harbor

mariner

n.

seaman

maritime

adj.

near the sea

PATH

affinity

②sympathy

emotion, suffering ☆

apathetic

adj.－

indifferent

①attraction,

same

empathy

n. in

pity

pathology

n.

pathobiology

sociopath

n.

antisocial behavior

PEN/

PUN

punish

impunity

n.－

exemption from punishment

penal

adj.

prescribing punishment

penance

n./vt.

voluntarily to show sorrow

punitive

adj.

punishing

MATR/

METR

mother

maternity

n./adj.

motherhood, motherliness

matriculate

v./n.

enroll, sign up at school

matrilineal

adj.

through the mother’s (female)family

metropolitan

adj.

urban, city

MONI

warn

criticize

admonish

vt.

scold, gently correct

monitory

adj./n.

cautionary, giving warning

monitor

vt./v./n

watch, regulate

premonition

n.

forewarning, early suspicion

CANT

sing

incantation

n.－

ritual chant

cantata

n.

sung composition

cantor

n.

singer

descant

v.

added melody

LUD/

LUS

play, game

allude

vi.

refer

collusion

n.

illegal cooperation

ludicrous

adj.

laughable

prelude

n.

introduction

PHAN/

PHEN

appear

phantasm

n.

an apparition

phantasmagoria

n.

a constantly changing scene

phenomenon

n.

a occurrence that is perceptible by the senses.

diaphanous

adj.

to be transparent or translucent

VER

just

aver

vt.－

assert

verify

vt.

confirm, substantiate

verisimilar

adj.

appearing to be true or real; probable

verity

n.

factual, or real

TURB

turn

perturb

v.

upset, disturb

turbine

n.

engine, turning engine

turbulent

adj.

churning, seething

turbid

adj.

confused, murky

VOLU/

VOLV

roll

wind

twist

devolution

n.－

handing down, degeneration

evolution

n.

process of development, progress

voluble

adj.

talkative, fluent

convoluted

adj.

winding, circulation, complicated

FAC/

FEC/

FIC

do

make

act

confection

n.

candy

facile

adj.

easy

olfactory

adj.

sense of smell

proficient

n.

expert

UT/US

use

usufruct

n./vt.

the right to use

usury

n.

illegally high rate

utilitarian

adj./n.

interests of utility

utility

n.

usefulness

UMBR

shade

① alike

② 不完全像

adumbrate

vt.＋

partially

penumbra

n.

near shadow (part)

umber

n./a./vt

brownish color

umbrage

n.

resentment

VEST

cloth

divest

v.－

get rid of

investiture

n.＋进

installing in office

transvestite

n.

cross-dresser  (shift)

travesty

n./vt.

imitation

THE/

THEO

god

apotheosis

n.抽

perfect example  (pose)

atheistic

adj.－

non god believing

pantheistic

adj.

accepting all gods (all)

theocracy

n. king

state ruled by religion

DE/DIV

god

deity

n.

supreme being

dues ex machine

dramatic device

divinity

n.

godliness

divinatory

adj.

prophetic

DEMO

people

demographic

adj.

describing populations (graph)

endemic

n.

native

pandemic

adj.

widespread

demotic

adj.

common

POPUL

population

vox populi

n

public opinion  (voice)

populist

n.

believer in the people

populace

n.

masses

populous

adj.

numerous

POLIS/

POLIT

city

acropolis

n.

citadel of an ancient Greek city (high)

megalopolis

n.

a single urban complex  (huge)

politic

adj.

suave

politicize

vt./vi

to engage in or discuss politics

CIRCU/

CIRCUM

around

circuitous

adj.

taking a roundabout

circumference

n.

the boundary line of a circle

circumspect

adj.看

prudent

circumvent

vt.走

to surround (an enemy, for example)

CORD/

CORE

heart

accord  －

n./vt/vi

make an agreement

concordance

n.

agreement

cordial

n./adj.

gracious, a tonic

discordant

adj.－

inconsistent

CULP

blame

guilt

culpable

adj.

blameworthy

exculpate

v.

to clear of guilt or blame  excuse

mea culpa

n. my

acknowledgment of a personal error or fault

inculpate

vt.－

to incriminate

DIC

speech

word

interdiction

n.

forbidden

jurisdiction

n.

authority or control

edict

n.

decree

malediction

n.

the calling down of a curse

GNI/

GNO

know,

understand

cognitive

adj.

relating to cognition

diagnosis

n.

the opinion derived from such an evaluation

incognito (incog)

a./adv.

with one's identity disguised or concealed－

prognosis

n.

a forecast or prediction

APT/

EPT

skill, fit

inept

adj.－

awkward

adept   ＋

adj./n.

proficient, expert

aptitude

n.抽

ability, natural talent

adaptation

n.＋

process of change

ART

art

skulduggery

artisan

n.

skilled craft man (super)

artifice

n.

slyness

artifact

n.

man-made object

artful

adj.

skillfully sly

artless

adj.

naive

CAD/

CID/

CAS

fall

cadaver

n.

corpse

casualty

n.

serious injury

decadent   －

adj./n.

self-indulgent

recidivism

n.物质

backsliding

CIS

cut, kill

concise

adj.

short

excise

n./vt.

cut out

incisive

adj.

direct

precision

n.

accuracy

CRYPT/

CRYPH

hide

apocryphal

adj.

fake

cryptic

adj.

mysterious

cryptography

n.

code writing 

crypt

n.

tomb

AB/ABS

－

abscond

vi.

flee

abstemious

adj.

self-controlled (touch, hold, have)

abstraction

n.

theory  (draw)  Ⅱ

abstruse

adj.

difficult  (poke)

PED

child

pedagogue

n.

an educator  (drive)

pedophilia

n. love

attraction felt by an adult toward children

pedagogy

n.抽

education

encyclopedic

adj.

thorough encyclopedia

pediatrician

n.人

revival

pedant

n.人

show off → boring teacher

NASC/

NAT/

NAI

bear, born

innate

adj.＋

present from birth

nascent

adj.

beginning, incipient

renaissance

n.

revival

cognate

adj.

related

FER

carry

transference

n.

act or process of transferring (shift)

deferential

adj.－

yielding, showing strong respect

fertile

adj.

productive

inference

n.

implied conclusion

proliferate

v.

multiply (nutrition)

TRANS

shift

transfiguration

n.

glorification (figure)

transfuse

vt.

transfer  (slosh)

transient

adj./n.

passing

transcendent

adj.

supreme  (claim)

PON/POS

place

component

n./adj.

part

disposition

n.

personality

repository

n.

storage container

superimpose

v.

place over (high)

TEN/

TIN/

TAIN

touch

hold

have

sustentation

n.

a support

sustentative

adj./n.

suspensory

tenable

adj.

reasonable

abstinence

n.－

refraining from indulging an appetite, nourishment

tenacious

adj.

strong, sticking

TERM

limit, last

indeterminate

adj.－

uncertain

interminable

adj.－

eternal

terminal

adj./n.

fatal

terminology

n.

vocabulary (language)

MONO

single

monogamous

adj.

one husband with one wife

monograph

n.

limited subject

monolithic

n.

uniform

monotheism

n.

believe only one God

UNI

single

Unitarian

n./adj.

a monotheist who is not a Christian

unison

n./adj.

concord

unilateral

adj.

undertaken by only one side

unicameral

adj.

consisting of a single legislative chamber

VINC/

VICT

conquer

evince

vt.外

reveal

invincible

adj.

unconquerable

provincial

adj.

local

victimize

v.

deceive

SPHER

ball

stratosphere

n.

upper atmosphere

biosphere

n.

life zone  (biology)

hemisphere

n.

half-sphere  (half)

spherical

adj.

globelike

VERT/

VERS

change,

shift

divert

v.－

entertain

perverse

adj.

wrongheaded  (thorough)

avert

v.－

avoid

versatile

adj.

with many use

MORPH

shape, figure

amorphous

adj.

shapeless

anthropomorphic

adj.

human and god have the same character

metamorphosis

n.离心

change in appearance，character, condition…

morphology

n.

branch of biology

FORM

shape, figure

form

format

n./vt

plan or arrange in a specified form, computer

formative

adj.

forming or capable of forming

formality

n.

quality or condition of being formal

conform

vt/vi/a.

agree, be similar, adapt

DOC/

DOCT

teach

indoctrinate

v.

fill with a point of view, instruct thoroughly

doctrinaire

n.

by the rule, rigidly principled

docile

adj.

easily led, tame

doctrine

n.

principle, teaching action

TUT/TUI

direct

intuition

n.－

insight, quick understanding

tuition

n.

instruction, instruction costs

tutelage

n.

guardianship, safeguard

tutorial

n./adj.

small class, individual instruction

DI/DUO

double, doubt

duplicity

n.

being twofold or double, cheat

duplex

adj.

twofold; double

diplomatic

adj.

suave, relating to diplomatics

dichotomy

n.

division into two opinions

BI/BIN

double, doubt

bilateral

adj.

two-sided

bipolar

adj.

having two poles

bipartisan

adj.

two major political parties

biweekly

n.

happening twice a week or every two weeks

TOP

place

topical

adj.

of current interest

topiary

adj./n.

ornamentally pruned

ectopic

adj.

away from its usual place

topography

n.

landscape features

CENTR/

CENTER

exactly

middle

point

eccentric  －

adj./n.

placed off-center

epicenter

n.

central point (except)

egocentric

adj.

self-centered (self)

ethnocentric

adj.

centered on one’s own group (nation)

DOM

rule

power

predominant

adj.

strongest

domicile

n./v.

home

domination

n.

control

dominion

n.

kingdom

HABIT/

HIBIT

reside in

exhibitionist

n.－

show-off

habitation

n.

dwelling

habitual

adj.

customary

inhibit

vt.－

restrain

PRO

＋

procrastinate

v.

put off

prodigious

adj.

enormous

prophylaxis

n.

disease prevention  (physical)

propitious

adj.

promising  (bit)

PETRO

again

back

retroactive

adj.

effective as of earlier

retrofit

n.

modernize

retrogress

v.

revert to an earlier state promising

retrospective

adj.

review of a body of work

TEMPOR

time

contemporary

n./adj.

current

extemporaneous

adj.－

unplanned

temporal

adj./n.

measurable by time

temporize

v.

talk to fill time

CHRON

time

anachronism

n.－

something from the past

chronic

adj.

ongoing

chronology

n.

order of events

synchronous

adj.

happening at the same time

TRI

three

triceratops

n.

dinosaur

trident

n.

a three-pronged spear used for fishing (teeth)

trilogy

n.

three dramatic works related in theme

trinity

n.

union of three divine persons

ANIM

breed

inanimate

adj.

dead

animosity

n.

enmity

magnanimous

adj.

generous in forgiving

animated

adj.

living

FIG

figure

figurative

adj.

metaphorical, ornate

figment

n.

something invented, made up, or fabricated

effigy

n.－

a crude figure representing a hated person

configuration

n.

form, arrangement of parts or elements

ANN/ENN

year

perennial

adj.

continuing, everlasting

millennium

n.

era of earthly paradise, thousand years

annuity

n.

yearly payment, annual payment

superannuated

adj.

worn out, aged

biannual

n./adj.

twice each year

biennial

n./adj.

for two years

EV

age

coeval

adj./n.

simultaneous, of the same age

longevity

n.

length of life, long life

medieval

adj.

antiquated, of the Middle ages

primeval

adj.

ancient, elder

CORP

body

incorporate

a./vi/vt

similar organization

corporal

adj.

bodily, army

corpulent

adj.

fat

corporeal

adj.

bodily

TANG/

TACT

touch

tangible

adj.

discernible by the touch; palpable

tangential

adj.

in the direction of a tangent

tactile

adj./n.

perceptible to the sense of touch

intact

adj.

uninjured; not impaired in any way

CODI/

CODE

code

codex

n.

handwritten book

codicil

n.

amendment

codify

vt.

list

decode

vt.－

explain

SIGN

mark

note

assignation

n.

appointment

resign

n./v.

accept

signatory

n.

consigner

signet

n./vt

stamp

QUADR/

QUART

four

quartile

n.

The value of the boundary at the 25th, 50th, or 75th percentiles of a frequency distribution divided into four parts, each containing a quarter of the population.

quadriplegic

n./adj.

disability

quadrille

n.

A square dance of French origin composed of five figures and performed by four couples.

Music for this dance in 6/8 and 2/4 time.

quadruple

n./vt/vi

fourfold

TESSAR/

TETR

four

tetrahedron

n.

a polyhedron with four faces

tetracycline

n.

a broad-spectrum antibiotic C22H 24N 2O 8

tetrarch

n.

one of four joint rulers, a subordinate ruler

tetragon

n.

a four-sided polygon; a quadrilateral

ACERB/

ACRI

acid

acerbic

adj.

sour or bitter

acrid

adj.

pungent, or bitter to the taste or smell.

acrimony

n.

Bitter, sharp, ill-natured animosity

exacerbate

vt.

aggravate

STRING/

STRICT

draw

tie

tightly

astringent  ＋

adj./n.

tending to draw together

constrict

v.

cramp

prestigious

adj.

having prestige; esteemed

stringent

adj.

severe

STRU/

STRUVT

build up

put together

deconstruction

n.

any text subvert their own meanings

infrastructure

n.

underlying base or foundation

construe

v.

explain

instrumental

adj.

＋

implemental

obstruct

v./n.－

block, hinder

structure

n./vt.

building

construction

n.

the art, trade, or work of building

PROP/

PROPRI

own

appropriate

adj.

fitting

expropriate

vt.

deprive of possession

proprietary

adj./n.

exclusively owned; private

propriety

n.

etiquette, appropriateness

TORT/

TORS

wind

twist

wrench

tort

n.

injury

extort

v.

obtain by force

torsion

n.

twisting

tortuous

adj.

winding

VIV

life

alive

convivial

adj.

sociable

revivify

v.

revive

vivacious

adj.

lively

vivisection

n.

animal experimentation (cut→part)

SERV

subject to

serve

serviceable

adj.

usable

servile

adj.

slavish

servitude

n.抽

a state of subjection to an owner or a master.

subservient

adj.

subordinate in capacity, obsequious, servile

CLUD/

CLUS/

CLOS

close

hide

occlusion

n.

process of occluding

preclude

n.

prevent

recluse

adj./n.

reclusive

seclusion

n.

solitude (分散)

TEXT

weave

textual

adj.

relating to written matter

subtext

n.

underlying meaning

pretext

n./v.

excuse hiding a real motive

context

n.

setting of spoken or written words

PLAC/

PLAIS

please

complaisant

adj.

eager to please

placebo

n.

harmless substance

placidity

n.

peacefulness

implacable

adj.

unchangeable

AUT/

AUTO

self, one

automaton

n.

robot

autodidact

n.

didactic, self-taught person

antimony

n.

element

autism

n.

egocentricity

GRAT

pleasing

agreeable

welcome

gratify

vt.

please, sensuous

gratuity

n.

bonus, tip

gratuitous

adj.

unearned

ingratiate

vt.

to bring into the favor

CLAM/

CLAIM

shout

cry

acclamation

n.

acceptance with cheers

clamor

n./v.

noisy din

declaim

v.－

speak formally

reclamation

n.

recovery

CRSC/

CRAT

power, rule

aristocrat

n.

noble

autocratic

adj.

rules by one person

bureaucrat

n.

government official

plutocracy

n.

(柏拉图) rule by the rich

PUNG/

PUNC

prick

pointed

sharp

compunction

n.

scruple, anxiety caused by guilt

expunge

v.

remove completely, erase

punctilious

adj.

careful

pungent

adj.

sharp

PLIC

① fold

②multiply

③ full

implicit

adj.

unspoken

explicate

v.

explicate, explain, excuse

replicate

v.

copy, reproduce

supplication

n.

plea  (sub)

MAND/

MEND

order,

entrust

commendation

n.

formal citation

mandate

n./vt.

direct

mandatory

adj.

required

remand

n./vt.

send

UND

water →

flood →

wave →

shift

inundate

v. ＋

flood

redound

v.

send back

redundancy

n.

needless repetition

undulant

adj.

wavy

SACR/

SANCT

holy

sanction

n./v.

approve, perform

sacrilege

n.

blasphemy  (law)

sacrosanct

adj.

sacred

sanctuary

n.

refuge

LOC/ LOQU

talk, speak

circumlocution

n.

excess

locution

n.

particular word, phrase, or expression,

elocution

n.

public opinion   (ex)

colloquial

adj.

conversational

loquacious

adj.

talkative

VAL

value

equivalent

adj./n.

similar in value

prevalent

adj.

widespread

valorous

adj.

brave, courage

validate

vt.

confirm

VIR

man

triumvirate

n.

three-person board

virago

n.

strong woman

virility

n.

masculinity

virtuosity

n.

skill (美德)

CRE/CRET

(increase)

grow

accretion

n.＋

build up

crescent

n./adj.

stickle-shaped

excrescence

n.

outgrowth (extra)

increment

n.

slight increase

FUND/

FUS

pour

diffuse

v./adj.

spread widely

effusive

adj.

emotional

profusion

n.

provide abundance, replete

suffuse

v.

spread through

VERB

word

verbiage

n.

wordiness

verbatim

adj./

adv.

using exactly the same words; corresponding word for word

proverb

n.

saying

verbose

adj.

talkative, wordy

SIMIL/

same

assimilate

v.＋

to consume and incorporate nutrients into the body after digestion

SIMUL

like

simile

n.

similar

simulacrum

n.

image or a representation

simulate

vt.

imitate

SCAND

climb

transcend

vt.

exceed走

condescend

vi.－

stoop

descendant

n.

offspring

ascendancy

n.＋

control

TEN/TENU

thin

attenuate

v.

make thin

extenuating

adj.

partly excusing

tenure

n.

term of office

tenuous

adj.

insubstantial

SCRIB/

SCRIP

write

draw

conscription

n.

draft

circumscribe

vt.

limit

inscription

n.＋

engraving

proscribe

v.

prohibit

MENS

measure

commensurate

adj.

equivalent (same)

dimension

n.

aspect

immensity

n.－

hugeness

mensurable

adj.

measurable

SOLV/

SOLU

(solve)

release

loose

free

insolvency

n.

being insolvent

soluble

adj.

can be dissolved

resolve

n./v./vt

make a firm decision about

dissolution

n.

disintegration

absolve

v.

pronounce clear of guilt or blame

HYDR

water ＋

dehydrate

vt.

remove water from; make anhydrous

hydraulic

adj.

water under pressure

hydroelectric

adj.

generating electricity by conversion of the energy of running water

hydroponics

n.

cultivation of plants in nutrient solution rather than in soil

CAPIT

head

decapitate

v.－

behead

capitalism

n.

free-market system

capitulate

vi.

surrender

recapitulate

vi

summarize

ANTHROP

human

philanthropy

n.

charitable act  (love)

misanthropic

adj.－

hating humans

anthropology

n.

study of culture

anthropoid

n./adj.

ape

CUMB/

CUB

lie

succumb

vi.－

give up

recumbent

adj.

lying down

incubate

vt.＋

brood

incumbent

adj.＋

holding office

DYNAM

power

rule

stage

dynamic

adj.

energetic

dynamo

n.

powerhouse

dynasty

n.

ruling family

hydrodynamic

adj.

relating to moving fluids (water)

GRAD

stage

retrograde

adj./v.

grading again

graduate

n./v.

a higher stage

gradation

n.

stage in a series

degrade

v.－

lower in rank

LAT

carry

correlate

vt./vi.

relationship

relativity

n.

relationship between mass, energy, and time

prelate

n.

high church official

collate

v.

arrange in order

CRIT

critical

① key

② cross

hypocritical

adj.下

characterized by hypocrisy

criterion

n.

standard

hypercritical

adj.超

critical

critique

n.

a critical discussion of a specified topic

JUR

just

right

law

objurgate

vt. －

to scold or rebuke sharply; berate

jurisprudence

n.

philosophy or science of law

perjury

n.－

breach of an oath or a promise

abjure

vt.－

to renounce under oath; forswear

PENT

five

pentagram

n.

pentacle, five-pointed star

pentameter

n./adj.

line of verse consisting of five metrical feet

Pentateuch

n.

first five books of the Hebrew Scriptures

pentathlon

n.

five track and field events,

pentagon

n.

polygon having five sides and five interior

QUINT

five

quintessential

adj.

being the most typical

quintet

n.

composition for five voices or instruments

quintile

adj./n.

72° or one fifth of the zodiac

BIO

life

symbiosis

n.

relationship of mutual benefit or dependence

biopsy

n.

examination from a living body

biodegradable

adj.

capable of being decomposed

antibiotic

n./adj.

can destroy the growth of microorganisms

GEN

birth

generic

adj.

general

indigenous

adj.＋

native

congenial

adj.

having the same tastes

carcinogenic

adj.

induce cancer

FUNG/

FUNCT

do, make,

affect,

exchange

malfunction

n.－

work improperly

functionary

adj./n.

bureaucrat ,official

fungible

adj./n.

exchangeable

perfunctory

adj.－

mechanical

MUT

alter,

very

change

transmute

v.

convert

permutation

n.＋

rearrangement

immutable

adj.

unchangeable

commutation

n.

replacement

FRAG/

FRACT

break

fractious

adj.

quarrelsome

fragmentary

adj.

incomplete

infraction

n.－

violation

refraction

n.

distortion

TELE

far

telegenice

adj.

well-suited to television (gene)

telemetry

n.

long-distance measurement (meter)

teleological

adj.

relating to design or purpose (ology)

telepathic

adj.

mind-reading (path)

PHIL

love

philatelist

n.

stamp collector

philology

n.

study of language

philter

n.

love potion

oenophile

n.

wine lover

NEG

negative －

abnegation

n.－

self-denial

negligible

adj.

small

renegade

n./a./vi

rebel

renege

vt/vi/n.

go back

NOM

name

ignominious

adj.

disgraceful

misnomer

n.

wrong name

nomenclature

n.

naming system culture

nominal

adj./n.

in name only

PATER/

PATR

father

expatriate

vt/vi/n.

living abroad

paternalistic

adj.

exercising fatherly

patrician

n./adj.

aristocrat  人

patrimony

n.

heritage  (money)

LEGA

appoint

delegation

n.＋

a group of people who are very important visitors from another country or another place.

legacy

n.

heritage

legate

n.

official emissary

relegate

v.－

commit

GREG

herd,

flack,

gather

segregate

v.－

isolate

egregious

adj.－

flagrant

congregation

n.

a gathering

aggregate

n./a./v.

total

FLU/

FLUCT

flow

mellifluous

adj.

flowing with sweetness or honey

fluctuation

n.

wave

effluent

adj./n.

something that flows out or forth (ex)

affluence

n.＋

wealth

PREHEND/

PREHENS

seize

reprehensible

adj.－

blameworthy

prehensile

adj.

adapted for seizing, grasping, or holding

comprehend

vt.＋

apprehend

apprehensive

adj.＋

afraid, capable of understanding

TEMPER

moderate

temperance

n.

moderation or abstinence

tempera

n.

egg-based paint

temper

n./v.

mix or moderate

intemperate

adj.

unrestrained

PURG/PUR

clean,

clear

expurgate

v.

remove offensive

purgative

adj./n.

purifying

purgatory

n.

place of misery

purge

n./v.

remove impure element

MILL

million

millisecond

n.

one thousandth (10-3) of a second.

millipede

n.

diplopod （feet）

millenarianism

n.

every one thousand years

HEMI-/

SEMI

half

semiconductor

n.

various solid crystalline substances

semicolon

n.

mark of punctuation (;)

semitone

n.

half step, half tone

semitropical

adj.

partly tropical; subtropical.

SUB

－ 下

subconscious

adj.

beneath the level of consciousness

subversion

n.

secret effort to overthrow

subliminal

adj.

not strong enough to be sensed

subjugate

vt.

conquer

HYPER

＋ 上

hyperventilate

vt.

breath deeply and rapidly

hypertension

n.

high blood pressure (tension)

hyperbole

n.

extreme overstatement

hyperactive

adj.

overly action

PRE

PRO前

precept

n.

general rule

precocious

adj.

maturing early (cook)

predispose

vt.

influence

prerequisite

n./adj.

requirement

PARA

besides

part

parameter

n.

characteristic

paragon

n.

model of excellence

paradox

n.

opposing truths

paradigm

n.

example (design)

META

上下左右

metabolism

n.

biological absorption processes

metaphorical

adj.

equation one thing with another←→simile

metaphysics

n.

study of the nature of things

metonymy

n.术语

use of an associated term （name）

PER

thorough

throughout

persevere

v.

keep going

permeate

vt./vi.

spread throughout

peremptory

adj.

abrupt and final

percolate

n./v.

seep

ANT/

ANTI

against

counter

anti-communist

n.

opposed to communist

antagonist

n.

opponent

antigen (gene)

n.

stimulates the production of an antibody

antipathy

n.

enmity

antithesis

n.

direct contrast; opposition

CONTRA

反

contretemps

n.

unforeseen event

contravene

v.

deny

contraindication

n.

A factor that renders the administration of a drug or the carrying out of a medical procedure inadvisable

contraband

n./adj.

illegal traffic in contraband; smuggling

contradict

vt.

opposite of, deny