析动词不定式作状语
(2013-05-19 17:07:23)
标签:
教育文化 |
析动词不定式作状语
作状语是动词不定式的主要功能之一。动词不定式可在句中作目的状语、结果状语、原因状语等,现将动词不定式作状语的情况作一简单归纳。
一、作目的状语。
动词不定式可以独立作目的状语,也可以用在so as (to)或in order (to)后表示目的。从结构上讲,不定式作目的状语置于句首时,通常用逗号与句子隔开;如果置于句末,前面则不用句号。如:
(1)He got nearer to see clearly.
为了看清楚,他靠得更近了些。
(2)The blind men felt the elephant in order to find out what it looked like.
盲人们摸着象,以便了解象是什么样子。
(3)To improve their service, the workers of the hotel are active in learning English.
为了改进服务,这个宾馆的工作人员积极学习英语。
二、作结果状语。
动词不定式作结果状语通常用于so+形容词或副词+as to, such+名词+as to, too…to…,enough to等结构。如:
(1)The boy is not tall enough to reach the bookshelf.
这个男孩个子不够高,够不到书架。
(2)The girl was so kind as to help the old man off the bus.
这个女孩如此友好,帮助那位老人下了公共汽车。
三、作原因状语。
动词不定式作原因状语往往用于形容词之后,这些形容词有happy, ashamed, sorry, glad, delighted, angry, discouraged, shocked 等。如:
(1)They were proud to have found the cave paintings.
找到洞穴壁画他们很骄傲。
(2)We jumped with joy to hear the news that our country would have joined WTO by the end of the year.
听到我国将在年底加入WTO这个消息,我们高兴得跳起来。
四、作评注性状语。
动词不定式作评注性状语通常放在句首,用逗号隔开。如:
(1)To cut a long story short, he beat them one by one.
长话短说,他把他们一个个地打败了。
(2)To be sure, she is the best student in the class.
确实,她是这个班最优秀的学生。