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“祈使句+and+陈述句”句型讲解

(2014-02-10 15:59:28)
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教育

祈使句+and+陈述句句型讲解

请看下面一道题:

Stand over there ____________ you'll be able to see the oil painting better.

A. but    B. till    C. and    D. or

此题答案为C。

此题考查在特定语境下使用“祈使句+and+陈述句”句型的能力,侧重点是对连接词的考查。本句型句子结构分是由连词and连接的并列句,前一分句表示一种条件或假设, 相当于if条件状语从句, 后一分句表示一种结果或推论。此句可变化如下:

If you stand over there, you'll be able to see the oil painting better.    但此句为复合句。

解决此类问题,  要了解“祈使句 + and + 陈述句”句型的三种变化形式
  1. “祈使句 + 破折号 + 陈述句”
  Try some of this juice—perhaps you’ll like it. (2000年京皖春招)
  尝尝这种果汁, 也许你会喜欢的。
  2. “名词词组 + and + 陈述句”
  名词词组中通常含有more, another, further, earlier等词。
  It is really very dangerous. One more step, and the baby will fall into the well.
  真危险。再多迈一步, 这个小孩儿就掉进井里了。
  Another £500, and I could buy a car.
  假如我再有500镑, 就能买辆小汽车了。
  One step further and you’ll lost.
  再多走一步, 你就会迷失方向了。
  A few minutes earlier, and I could have seen the famous scientist.
  要是我早来几分钟, 就能见到那位著名的科学家了。
  3. “祈使句 + or + 陈述句”
  or表示“否则”、“要不然的话”, or可用or else或otherwise替换, 从反面来预测结果。
  Take the chance, or you will regret it.
  抓住机会吧, 否则你会遗憾的。
  Watch your step, or else you might fall into the water.
  留神脚下, 不然你会掉进水里的。
  Do as you’re told, otherwise you’ll be in trouble.
  叫你怎么做就怎么做, 否则你会有麻烦的。

要使用好此句型,要注意以下两个问题:


  1. 当陈述句是一般将来时或一般现在时的时候, 祈使句是真实条件句。例如:
  Follow the advice of the doctor, and you’ll be well very soon.
  解析:陈述句谓语部分为一般将来时, 所以祈使句表示真实条件句(If you follow the advice of the doctor)。
  Work hard, and you can make rapid progress in your study.
  解析:陈述句谓语部分为一般现在时, 所以祈使句表示真实条件句(If you work hard)。
  2. 当陈述句的谓语动词是would / should / could / might + 动词原形或完成体时, 祈使句表示非真实条件句。例如:
  Pass my house and you might return the book you borrowed.
  解析:陈述句谓语部分为might return, 所以祈使句表示非真实条件句(If you should pass my house)。
  Come tomorrow and I would tell you everything.
  解析:陈述句谓语部分为would tell, 所以祈使句表示非真实条件句(If you should come tomorrow)。
  
  高考链接:
  1. Start out right away,__________ you’ll miss the first train. (2006年四川卷)
          A. and         B.but        C.or         D.while
  2. Follow your doctor’s advice,___________ your cough will get worse. (2005年辽宁卷)
  A. or     B. and      C. then        D. so
  3. Lose one hour in the morning _____________ you will be looking for it the rest of the day.

(2005年北京春季卷)
         A. but B. and C. or D. so
  4.___________ straight on and you’ll see a church. You won’t miss it. (2004年湖北卷)
          A. Go    B. Going     C. If you go       D. When going
  5. Stand over there __________ you’ll be able to see it better. (2004年天津卷)
          A. or B. while C. but D. and
  6. -English has a large vocabulary, hasn’t it?
        -Yes.___________ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read   and   communicate. (2004年上海卷)
         A. Know B. Knowing C. To know D. Known
  7. Turn on the television or open a magazine and you __________ advertise-ments showing happy families. (2004年湖南卷)
           A. will often see            B. often see
           C. are often seeing      D. have often seen
  8. Let’s keep to the point or we ___________ any decisions. (NMET2004)
       A. will never reach      B. have never reached
       C. never reach               D. never reached
  9. Don’t be discouraged.___________ things as they are and you will enjoy every day of your life. (2003年上海春季卷)
        A. Taking B. To take C. Take D. Taken
  10.___________ blood if you can and many lives will be saved. (2001年上海春季卷)
        A. Giving B. Give C. Given D. To give
  11. One more week,_____________ we will accomplish the task. (1999年上海卷)
        A. or B. so that C. and D. if
  12._____________ it with me and I’ll see what I can do. (NMET98)
       A. When left B. Leaving C. If you leave D. Leave

13. ___________ and I’ll get the work finished.
      A. Have one more hour       B. One more hour
      C. Given one more hour     D. If I have one more hour
  解析:从上看, and连接了两个分句, 两句间存在着一种顺承关系, 其中换句话说, 本题考查的是“祈使句+and+陈述句”句型, 其中祈使句可转换成名词短语, 故答案为B。
  
  答案:1. C2. A3. B4. A5. D6. A7. A8. A9. C 10.B11. C 12. D 13. B

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