1.      While playing in the park one morning，a loud argument was gotten into by several of the children over the use of swings.

(A)a loud argument was gotten into by several of the children

(B)  a loud argument between several of the children was gotten into

(C)  and a loud argument gotten into by several of the children

(D)several of the children getting into a loud argument

(E)  several of the children got into a loud argument

答案：E

类型：逻辑主语。

解析：句子是doing形式的状语+主句的结构。在语法中，前置doing做非谓语时，doing动作的逻辑主语必须是句子主语，play这个动作的发出者应该是人，所以句子主语只能是人。由此排除ABC三个选项。D选项中，getting into不能做谓语动词，属于句子成分缺失。

 

2. Vitamin D，which the body needs in order to absorb calcium，is produced when skin is exposed to ultraviolet rays.

(A) calcium，is produced

(B)  calcium，and is produced

(C)  calcium，producing it

(D) calcium and produces

(E)  calcium and produces it

答案：A

类型：句子结构。

解析：句子的主语是维他命D，which引导定语从句做主语的同位语，那么之后必然有句子的谓语动词。因此A选项是正确的。B中and使用错误，and并列成分并不是两个动词。C选项导致主句无谓语动词。DE选项and并列的是定语从句的谓语动词，那么主语维他命D就没有谓语动词了，因此也是错误的。

 

3. Designing a computer monitor requires not only an understanding of electromagnetism，chemistry，and the psychology of human vision.

(A) not only an understanding of

(B)  both an understanding of

(C)  an understanding of not only

(D) an understanding of both

(E)  an understanding of

答案：E

类型：平行结构

解析：题目中平行的结构是electromagnetism，chemistry和the psychology of human vision。AC选项可以直接排除，因为only only和and不能连用。题目是三个名词的并列，因此both…and…这个短语也使用不恰当。BD也可以排除。

 

4. Edgar Allan Poe’s poem “The Raven,” partly inspired by a talking raven in the novel Barnaby Rudge by Charles Dickens.

(A)Edgar Allan Poe’s poem “The Raven,”

(B)  Edgar Allan Poe，whose poem “The Raven” was

(C)  A poem by Edgar Allan Poe， “The Raven”，which was

(D)“The Raven” by Edgar Allan Poe’s poem，being a poem

(E)  “The Raven”，a poem by by Edgar Allan Poe，was

答案：E

类型：被动语态

解析：注意看到句中inspired by，这明显是被动语态的表达形式，那么inspired前面缺少一个be动词，因此AD可以直接排除。B选项，whose引导定语从句，导致主语EAP这个人没有谓语动词，因此B错。C选项which引导定语从句，但是主语依然没有谓语动词，因此C选项也错。E选项中，主语是“The Raven” ，两个逗号之间是插入语，was inspired做谓语动词。E正确。

 

5. Unlike coniferous trees，whose leaves are usually needlelike，the leaves of deciduous trees are typically broad and flat.

(A)the leaves of deciduous trees are typically broad and flat

(B)  it is typical for the leaves of deciduous trees to be broad and flat

(C)  broad and flat leaves are typical of deciduous trees

(D)deciduous trees have leaves that are typically broad and flat

(E)  on deciduous trees，the leaves are typically broad and flat

答案：D

类型：比较内容平行

解析：unlike后面是coniferous trees，那么句子主语必须也是tree才能保持平行，符合这一要求的只有D选项。

 

6. Even choosing the least expensive rate，the package was so heavy that it cost Jose nearly a hundred dollars to mail it to his cousin in Madrid.

(A) Even choosing

(B)  Even though choosing

(C)  Even though he chose

(D) Although he had chose

(E)  Although choosing

答案：C

类型：逻辑主语。

解析：choosing的逻辑主语是句子的主语，其动作发出者应该是人，但是句子的主语是the package，因此必须要再choose前加上动作发出者，ABE可以直接排除。D选项中，chose使用错误，因为choose的过去分词应该是chosen，综上只能选C。

 

7. An early American film star，Pearl White starred in several serials whose episodes had suspenseful endings that enticed audiences to return for the next installment.

(A)serials whose episodes had suspenseful endings

(B)  serials，their episodes had suspenseful endings

(C)  serials，which had episodes ending suspenseful

(D)serials of whose episodes the suspenseful endings

(E)  serials，each of these episodes had a suspenseful ending

答案：A

类型：定语从句

解析：serials之后的内容是来修饰serials的。A选项whose引导定语从句，划线部分之后的that指代的是endings。B选项是典型的run-on句子，两个完整的句子之间没有连词，也不构成主从复合句，B错。C选项错在ending suspenseful，end在这里是动词，那么suspenseful应该使用副词形式。D选项是定语从句使用错误，whose引导的定语从句不用再加of了。E也是run-on句子。

 

8. Although we typically associate deserts with hot，dry wether，deserts can also be cold，most of Antarctica is a desert despite the continent's  frigid temperatures.

(A)cold，most of Antarctica is

(B)  cold；most of Antarctica is

(C)  cold，in fact，most of Antarctica is

(D)cold；whereas most of Antarctica is

(E)  cold，such as most of Antarctica being

答案：B

类型：句子结构

解析：原句是典型的run-on，两个完整句子之间没有连词，也不构成主从复合句。C与A选项错误类型一样，都是run-on。D选项首先用了分号，分号之后应该是完整的句子，whereas是连词，所以后面部分不是完整句子。E中being不简洁。

 

9. One reason fish spoils faster than meat is due to the fact that the muscle fibers of fish are specialized to function best in cold environments.

(A)meat is due to the fact that

(B)  meat is because of the fact that

(C)  meat，which is because

(D) meat is that

(E)  meat，since

答案：D

类型：固定搭配

解析：is due to和is because of是SAT语法中不正规的表达。AB直接排除。C选项which引导定语从句，主句没有谓语动词，C错。E选项中since引导状语从句，主语依然不完整。综上，选D。

 

10. The Canada lynx has oversized，webbed paws that act as snowshoes，allowing them to hunt rabbits even when the snow is deep.

(A)allowing them to hunt rabbits even

(B)  allowing it to hunt rabbits even

(C)  even allowing them to hunt rabbits

(D)which allow them to hunt rabbits even

(E)  this allows it to hunt rabbits even

答案：B

类型：代词

解析：allow的宾语应该是The Canada lynx（三人称单数），所以them直接排除，ACD错误。E选项用this单独使用做主语是错误的。只能选B。

 

11. The article praised Isak Dinesen not so much for her genius as a storyteller but because she was remarkably defiant of society’s expectations of women during the early twentieth century.

(A)but because she was remarkably defiant

(B)  but because of her remarkable defiance

(C)  but for being remarkably defiant

(D) as for her remarkable defiance

(E)  as it did her remarkable defiance

答案：D

类型：比较和平行结构

解析：首先，句中有一个not so much…as…的固定搭配表示比较，由此可以直接排除ABC。比较中又有一个平行结构：not for…，but for…。因此答案选D。

 

12. While candidates for political office think carefully(A) about the way they dress for public appearances，but they(B) generally do not want to appear(C) to care too much(D) about clothes. No error(E)

答案：B

类型：句子结构

解析：while和but在句中都做连词，这样导致句子没有主句了。

修改建议：把but删掉。

 

13. The professor urged(A) her students to follow(B) their own career interests，to serve their communities，and believing(C) in the power of their(D) own ideas. No error(E)

答案：C

类型：平行结构

解析：to follow，to serve和and之后的结构是平行的，不应该用doing形式。

修改建议：把believing改为to believe。

 

14. Karting，or the racing of(A) miniature automobiles called karts，originate(B) in the United States in the 1950s after(C) a famous race-car builder developed a kart powered by(D) a lawn-mower engine. No error(E)

答案：B

类型：时态

解析：originate动作发生在过去，应该用一般过去时。

修改建议：把originate改为originated。

 

15. Living in(A) the rain forests of northeastern Madagascar，lemurs called silky sifakas are local known(B) as “ghosts of the forest” because of(C) their(D) fast movements and bone-white fur. No error(E)

答案：B

类型：副词

解析：local本应该修饰known，所以只能用副词形式。

修改建议：把local改为locally。

 

16. For thousands of years the inhabitants of(A) Australia have been(B) digging underground water reservoirs in order for surviving(C) on one of the world’s driest(D) continents. No error(E)

答案：C

类型：固定搭配

解析：表目的短语in order to do，不能改为in order for doing。

修改建议：把for surviving改为to survive。

 

17. When the finalists in(A) the essay contest receive their(B) scholarships at(C) the awards ceremony，the first-place winner was also given(D) a computer. No error(E)

答案：D

类型：时态

解析：when引导从句用的是一般现在时表将来，主句动作和从句是同时发生的，因此主句应该用一般将来时。

修改建议：把was also改为will also be。

 

18. Both Serena，who has just been(A) elected president of the union，and(B) Martin，its treasurer，attends(C) the weekly meetings(D) of the labor council. No error(E)

答案：C

类型：主谓一致

解析：句子的主语是both...and...，因此谓语动词不能用三人称单数。

修改建议：把attends改为attend。

 

19. Although(A) artificially intelligent machines can now(B) beat humans at chess，they cannot outperform(C) humans at practical tasks such as(D) folding laundry，cooking，and caring for perts. No error(E)

答案：E

类型：no error

 

20. When one thinks about opening(A) a new business，you(B) must consider(C) factors such as(D) start-up costs，local competition，and customer demand. No error(E)

答案：B

类型：代词

解析：one是泛指，其对应的特指应该是第三人称he or she。

修改建议：把you改为he or she。

 

21. Automatic photo booths that were(A) invented after the discovery of an automated photographic process that eliminated(B) the need(C) not only for negatives but also for(D) camera operators. No error(E)

答案：A

类型：句子结构

解析：句中两个动词were和eliminated都是从句中的动词，所以句子主句没有谓语动词。

修改建议：把that删掉。

 

22. Faced with(A) the ever-challenging task of balancing(B) school and work，Jillian opted to(C) forego taking a second part-time job and focusing(D) on her studies instead. No error(E)

答案：D

类型：平行结构

解析：从语义来进行分析：focus应该和forego是平行的，而不是和take平行。所以不能用doing形式。

修改建议：把focusing改为to focus。

23. During her(A) lifetime，M.S.Subbulakshmi was considered one of(B) India’s greatest singers，and the recordings she made(C) has secured(D) her reputation for future generations. No error(E)

答案：D

类型：主谓一致

解析：has的主语是the recordings，因此不能用第三人称单数。

修改建议：把has改为have。

 

24. If the proposals approved by(A) the city council at its(B) most recent meeting come to fruition(C)，several derelict buildings will see news life after years of neglect(D). No error(E)

答案：E

类型：no error

 

25. In 1999 researchers proposed(A) the theory that octopuses engage in(B) play，the deliberate，repeated，seeming useless(C) activity through which(D) intelligent animals explore their world and refine their skills. No error(E)

答案：C

类型：副词

解析：seeming本应该是修饰useless的，但是seeming是形容词，不能修饰useless。

修改建议：把seeming改为seemingly。

 

26. Consisting of(A) sixty-nine photographs she took of herself(B) posing in settings resembling those of(C) old movies，the Untitled Film Stills series repelled(D) Cindy Sherman to artistic fame. No error(E)

答案：D

类型：语义

解析：repel是排斥，厌恶的意思，用在这里显然不合适。

修改建议：把repelled改为pushed或者propelled。

27. You might think that because they are(A) beautiful，peacocks would make a pleasant pet(B)，but in fact their loud，unearthly(C) shrieks are very disturbing(D). No error(E)

答案：B

类型：名词单复数

解析：前面用的复数peacocks，所以后面名词不能用单数形式。

修改建议：把a pleasant pet改为pleasant pets。

 

28. For my roommate and I(A) to reduce(B) the amount of trash we threw out each week，we had to resolve to stoping making(C) so many unnecessary purchases(D) in the first place. No error(E)

答案：A

类型：代词

解析：for是介词，介词后面的代词只能用宾格形式。

修改建议：把I改为me。

29. That(A) the director won an Academy Award for his most recent(B) movie surprised those of us who felt that the film was far inferior(C) to those made by several of his competitors for(D) the coveted prize. No error(E)

答案：E

no error

 

Questions 30-35 refer to the following passage.

     (1)When Pluto was first detected in 1930，it was welcomed as a newly discovered planet. (2)Their reaction was understandable. (3)Pluto was initially thought to be about the size of Earth and therefore of proper planetary dimensions. (4)But by the late 1970s，closer observation had established that Pluto was in fact less than half the size of Mercury. (5)Dismayed，some astronomers now began to question whether so small an object deserved to be ranked among the planets.

    (6)Pluto differs from the other planets also in that it is composed largely of ice——more like a comet than a typical planet. (7)In the 1990s it was discovered that Pluto was just the largest of hundreds of comet-like bodies occupying a region known as the Kuiper Belt. (8)Pluto，the doubters argued，should therefore be classed with these icy objects rather than with the planets.

     (9)Rushing to Pluto’s defense，many astronomers rejected these arguments，pointing out that the established planets differ among themselves in both composition and size. (10)Mars，for instance，is composed of metal and rock，while Neptune is mostly gas. (11)Why，then，could a planet not just as well be composed of ice？ (12)And as for size difference，Jupiter is 1300 times larger than Earth，but no one would suggest that the two bodies therefore cannot both be planets.

     (13)Clearly they need to resolve the issue of Pluto’s classification. (14)In 2006 the International Astronomical Union defined a planet as a body that directly orbits the Sun，is large enough to be rounded by its own gravity，and has cleared its neighboring region of other orbiting bodies. (15)Pluto was judged to satisfy the first two criteria but not the third，because of all the Kuiper Belt objects populating its neighborhood.

 

30. In context，which of the following is the best version of the underlined portion of sentence 1（reproduced below）？

When Pluto was first detected in 1930，it was welcomed as a newly discovered planet.

(A) (as it is now)

(B)  it was a newly discovered planet and welcomed as such

(C)  being a newly discovered planet，it was welcomed

(D)the newly discovered planet was also welcomed by astronomers

(E)  astronomers welcomed it as a newly discovered planet

答案：E

解析：Sentence 2的their指“一群人”，故Sentence 1要出现“一群人”，只有E选项是astronomers正确。ABC直接排除; D被动句，不简洁，且意思有所改变。

 

31. In context，which of the following revisions of the underlined portion of sentence 4(reproduced below)would add the most relevant information？

But by the late 1970s，closer observation had established that Pluto was in fact less than half the size of Mercury.

(A)Mercury，the planet closest to the Sun

(B)  Mercury，the smallest of the traditional planets

(C)  Mercury，which was named for a Roman messenger god

(D)Mercury，which was discovered in ancient times

(E)  Mercury，whose atmosphere is too thin to support human life

答案：B

解析：Sentence 5：一些天文学家质疑Pluto太小，认为它不能算作行星。Sentence 4：Pluto比Mercury的一半还小，此处添加的内容必须要凸显Pluto太小，与其他的planets的大小相差过大，从而与Sentence 5相联系，与整段逻辑一致。B：Mercury是traditional planets中最小的，也就是说，Pluto与traditional planets的大小相差过大，符合题目要求。其他选项属于无关选项。

 

32. Which of the following sentences，if inserted immediately before sentence 6，would provide the most effective transition between the first and second paragraphs ？

(A)Pluto’s anomalous size was not the only source of doubt.

(B)  This was not the first time that a planet’s status has been called into question.

(C)  Such scientific disputes can become surprisingly heated.

(D)The question of who deserves credit for a scientific discovery is sometimes difficult to settle.

(E)  Many were shocked at the suggestion that Pluto was not really a planet.

答案：A

解析：第一段的Sentence 5提出Pluto受到质疑的一个原因：too small;第二段的Sentence 6提出第二个原因：composed of ice。A：size不是唯一质疑，符合上下句;B、C与下文无关;D选项与上下文均无关。此处已经提到了质疑的两方面，E选项中“Pluto有可能不是行星，这个说法让很多人震惊了”，与上下文的内容不符。

 

33. In context，which of the following is the best revision of the underlined portion of sentence 7(reproduced below)？

In the 1990s it was discovered that Pluto was just the largest of hundreds of comet-like bodies occupying a region known as the Kuiper Belt.

(A)In the 1990s，however，

(B)  In the 1990s，by comparison

(C)  In fact，in the 1990s

(D) Similarly，in the 1990s

(E)  Consequently，in the 1990s

答案：C

解析：Sentence 6提出第二个质疑：composed of ice，Sentence 7 Pluto是许许多多的comet-like bodies中最大的，Sentence 7 更进一步说明Pluto与其他bodies相似，从而不能算作planets。AB的转折关系错误;E的因果关系错误，原文没有“因此”这层意思，Sentence 7是事实，不是结论。C的“In fact”符合题目要求。D的similarly：同样地，Sentence 7与Sentence 6没有进行比较。

34. In context，which of the following is the best version of the underlined portion of sentence 13(reproduced below)?

Clearly they need to resolve the issue of Pluto’s classification.

(A) (as it is now)

(B)  the public needs

(C)  something was needed

(D) further observations were needed

(E)  a precise definition of planet hood was needed

答案：E

解析：A选项中的的they无指代对象，且need时态错误;B的needs 时态错误;C的something表意不清;D、E相比，Sentence 14提到了IAU对planet下的定义，所以从上下句看，E选项更符合要求。

 

35. Which of the following sentences, if placed immediately after sentence 15, would best conclude the passage?

(A)Pluto’s discover, Clyde Tombaugh, had died in 1997 and so did not live to see his beloved planet demoted.

(B)  Ceres and Pallas had undergone a similar demotion in the nineteenth century when they were reclassified as asteroids rather than planets.

(C)  Ultimately, then, Pluto was demoted from planetary status not because of its small size but because of the clause company it keeps.

(D)This was perhaps the most momentous decision that the International Astronomical Union had made in its 87-year history.

(E)  Nonetheless, supporters of Pluto point out that it has more moons than Mars, Earth, Venus, or Mercury.

答案：C

解析：总结句的作用有三个：一是重复前句，二是总结本段，三是总结全文。本段提出了definition，Sentence 15提到Pluto不满足第三个条件，C提到demoted(降级)与之呼应，且C的后半句与前文呼应。其他选项都无关。

 

 

section 10

 

1.      In 1997，the ThrustSSC，a British-made car powered by two jet engines, have become the first land-traveling vehicle to break the sound barrier.

(A) have become

(B)  were to become

(C)  becoming

(D) become

(E)  became

答案：E

类型：主谓一致

解析：句子的主语是the ThrustSSC（三人称单数），因此谓语动词不能用have become。ABD都可以直接排除，C选项不能做谓语动词，因此也是错误的。became是become的过去式，可以做谓语。

 

2. Some of the novels for which Laura Esquivel has received the greatest critical acclaim and are examples of the literary style known as magical realism.

(A) acclaim and are

(B)  acclaim are

(C)  acclaim,

(D) acclaim, they are

(E)  acclaim, which are

答案：B

类型：句子结构。

解析：句子的主语是some of the novels，for which…引导一个定语从句，所以后面应该出现句子的谓语动词。and are中的and不能并列has和are，因为has是从句动词。are是主句的动词，A错。B正确，从句结束之后出现主句谓语动词are。C选项缺乏谓语动词。D选项中，some of novels不能做they的同位语（代词不能有同位语），D也错。E选项，两个从句，主句没有谓语动词，E错。

 

3. Mother’s Day is celebrated in a number of nations, but the date on which they fall differs from one nation to another.

(A) on which they fall differs

(B)  on which it falls differs

(C)  which it falls on differing

(D)on which they fall is different

(E)  which they fall on being different

答案：B

类型：代词

解析：发出fall这个动词的主语应该是Mother’s Day，不能用they来指代，因此可以排除ADE选项。C选项中differing不能做主句的谓语动词，因此C错误。

 

4. A self-taught artist, the pottery of Lucy M. Lewis has been featured in many museums, including the Smithsonian Institution and the National Museum of the American Indian.

(A)A self-taught artist, the pottery of Lucy M. Lewis has been featured

(B)  A self-taught artist, they featured the pottery of Lucy M. Lewis

(C)  A self-taught artist, Lucy M. Lewis’ pottery has been featured

(D)The pottery of Lucy M. Lewis, a self-taught artist who has been featured

(E)  The pottery of Lucy M. Lewis, a self-taught artist, has been featured

答案：E

类型：同位语

解析：A self-taught artist在句中充当同位语的角色，同位语必须和它挨着的部分是同一个事物，这里的A self-taught artist肯定是一个人。因此，我们可以排除ABC选项。D选项没有谓语动词，has是who has…这个从句的动词。综上选E。

 

5. The museum acquired a dozen paintings from two private donors, who were an art history professor at the local university.

(A)who were an art history professor

(B)  who was each an art history professor

(C)  who were both art history professors

(D)both of whom were an art history professor

(E)  which were both art history professors

答案：C

类型：名词单复数

解析：定语从句的先行词是two private donors，所以不能用an art history professor来指代。ABD可以直接排除。E选项which使用错误，which不能指人。

 

6. To attract prey, a fish known as the red grouper restructures the ocean floor, digging holes to create the type of environment favored by smaller fish and spiny lobsters.

(A) digging holes to create

(B)  digging hole creates

(C)  digging holes create

(D) it digs holes creating

(E)  they dig holes to create

答案：A

类型：非谓语

解析：主句是a fish…the ocean floor，digging holes做状语，to create表目的。原句没有错误。B中creates使用错误，C中create使用错误，dig holes与create有目的关系。D和E是run-on句子，都错。

 

7. Built on the banks of the Mississippi River, it is often so humid in the city of Memphis during the summer that the air feels like steam.

(A)it is  often so humid in the city of Memphis during the summer that the air feels like steam

(B)  the city of Memphis is often so humid during the summer that the air feels like steam

(C)  the city of Memphis, which is often so humid that the air feels like steam during the summer

(D)during the summer the city of Memphis is often so humid to where the air feels like steam

(E)  summer in the city of Memphis is often so humid that the air feels like steam

答案：B

类型：逻辑主语

解析：built on the banks…做状语，built逻辑主语必然是句子主语，那么句子主语应该是某种建筑，因此可以直接排除AE。B正确。C只有which引导的从句，没有主句。D中to where使用错误。

 

8. Dinosaurs captured the public’s attention in the nineteenth century, and the scientists which found and will study dinosaur fossils were highly esteemed.

(A)and the scientists which found and will study

(B)  and the scientists who found and studied

(C)  the scientists who found and studied

(D) the scientists finding and studying

(E)  also the scientists which found and studied

答案：B

类型：定语从句和句子结构

解析：原句中which使用肯定错误，which不能指人，因此E选项也肯定错。C和D都是run-on句，错。只有B正确。

 

9. The topography of the Ozark Mountains, having been shaped by the dissolution of limestone and other types of soluble rock, feature hundreds of geological wonders.

(A) rock, feature

(B)  rock, and featured

(C)  rock, featuring

(D) rock, features

(E)  rock to feature

答案：D

类型：句子结构

解析：句子主语是The topography of the Ozark Mountains。having been…是状语成分。主语是三人称单数，所以谓语动词不能用feature。B中and featured错误。C中featuring不能做谓语动词。D正确。E中to feature也不能做谓语动词。

 

10. In the early twentieth century, Modernist novelists such as James Joyce and Virginia Woolf experimented with literary form and narrative technique more than preceding centuries did.

(A) more than preceding centuries did

(B)  more than writers of preceding centuries did

(C)  more than that in preceding centuries

(D)to a greater extent than preceding centuries

(E)  to an extent greater than novels of preceding centuries

答案：B

类型：比较

解析：句子是拿Modernist novelists和其他作家比较，than之后的名词必然是与novelists能够对应的，那么符合要求的只有B选项。其他选项比较内容都错误了。

 

11. The stories Alex Haley heard as a youth inspired him to investigate his material ancestry and using his findings to write his highly successful novel, Roots.

(A) ancestry and using his findings

(B)  ancestry and his findings were used by him

(C)  ancestry, he used his findings

(D)ancestry, and he used his findings

(E)  ancestry, whose findings were used

答案：D

类型：句子结构。

解析：原句中using没有平行成分，A错。B中，两个并列句，前面用主动，后面用被动，累赘，B错。C是run-on句子，C错。D中and是连词，并列两个完整句子，正确。E改变原句意思，原句中说的是his findings，E选项说的是祖先的发现。

 

12. The Jiaozhou Bay Bridge is among the longest bridges in the world; located in eastern China’s Shandong province, it crossed Jiaozhou Bay, connecting the port city of Qingdao to the island of Huangdao.

(A)world; located in eastern China’s Shandong province, it crosses

(B)  world, located in eastern China’s Shandong province, it crosses

(C)  world and is located in eastern China’s Shandong province, it crosses

(D)world, it is located in eastern China’s Shandong province, crossing

(E)  world; located in eastern China’s Shandong province, crossing

答案：A

类型：句子结构

解析：A中，分号的作用类似于句号，分号后面是一个状语+主句的结构，A正确。B和A只有一个标点符号的区别，但是world之后用逗号的话，就是run-on句型了。C也是run-on句子。D仍然是run-on句子。E选项中，分号之后的句子没有主语。

13. Textile production has a serious environmental impact, it consumes a significant amount of all the water used worldwide.

(A) it consumes

(B)  its consumption is

(C)  this consumes

(D) consuming

(E)  it has consumed

答案：D

类型：句子结构

解析：原句是run-on句子，A错。B与A错误类型一致，B错。C有两个错误，一个是this直接用来做主语，第二，C选项也是run-on句型。D中consuming...做状语，D正确。E仍然是run-on句型。

 

14. Given that goats and sheep were domesticated earlier than cattle, it is thought that the production of cheeses made from goat’s and sheep’s milk predate that of cheese made from cow’s milk.

(A) predate that of

(B)  predates that of

(C)  predated those of

(D) have predated

(E)  predate

答案：B

类型：比较

解析：句子是拿production of cheeses made from goat’s and sheep’s milk和production of cheese made from cow’s milk来进行比较，production可以用that指代。另外，production是三人称单数，因此必须用三人称单数谓语动词。因此答案只能选B。