There be句型及其考点
“There
be”是英语中常见又非常重要的句型,不管在口语中还是在书面语中,there
be 句型的使用频率是很高的。仔细分析近几年的中考试题,几乎每年都以不同形式、从不同角度考查该句型的运用。因此,很有必要对此进行认真的分析和总结,从而达到熟练掌握和运用这一句型的目的.
我们都知道,“There
be” 是表示“存在”的一种基本方式,其句型结构通常为:There
be + sb./sth. + somewhere/doing sth. 但仅仅知道这点用法还远远不够,“There
be”还有更多较为特殊的用法。
一、“There
be”后面可以跟名词或动名词
在“There
be +主语+状语”的句型中,作主语的名词一般是非限定的,常是泛指而不是特指,故一般不用this,
that, these, those 等词修饰;修饰主语的一般应该是不定冠词、零冠词、基数词或a,
an, some, any, no, several, many, much, a few, a little, another, a
lot of, enough等非特指的词汇。请看下面例句:
There is a video store at the corner. 在拐角处有家_____________。
There ________ a book and some pencils on the
desk.课桌上有一本书和一些铅笔。
There is a girl ________ under the tree. 树下有一个女孩儿在读书。
二、“There
be”之间可以用情态动词
我们也可以根据表达的需要,在There与be之间用上恰当的情态动词can,
may, must, should, will等,构成:There
will / may / must / can be...:
There will be an
interesting talk on English next week. 下个星期有个关于英语方面的有趣的报告。
There may be something
wrong with my watch. It doesn’t work. 我的手表不走了,可能出了故障。
三、“There
be”句型还有扩展形式
在 There
be 句型中,除be之外,某些表示存在概念的不及物动词也可以用于这种句型,这些动词大致是:live,
come, stand, lie等。请看:
Once there
lived an
old fisherman near the sea. 海边曾经______一位老渔夫。
There
stands a
big tall apple tree _____________ my
house. 我家屋前有一棵高大的苹果树。
Then there
came a
knock at the door. 那时传来了敲门声。
四、使用“There
be”句型时要注意主谓一致
在There
be引导的句子中,谓语动词be的人称和数应该和它后面的主语(名词)保持一致,当有两个或两个以上的名词作并列主语时,be的形式则和第一个名词保持一致(就近原则)。如:
There ________ a small river near
the village. 村子附近有条小河。
There ________ two thousand students in our
school.我们学校有2000名学生。
There ________ a pen and two books on the
desk. 课桌上有一支钢笔和两本书。
五、There
be句型与have的区别
二者都表示汉语中的“有”。但是在用法上有区别:There
be句型表示“某处(某时)有某物” ,而have则表示“某人或某物拥有某物”,强调主语和宾语的所属关系。如:
There are quite
a few pine trees on the campus.校园里有________松树。
Each student
has his
merits and faults. 每个学生都有他的优点和缺点。
We ________ ten copies, but we still need
more. 我们有10册,但是我们还需要更多。
六、There
be 句型的转换
一般地说,There
be 句型的基本转换还是比较容易掌握的,关键要注意句型中名词的转换形式。请看下面的例句:
① _____________
any bread on the table?
(一般疑问句)
② There
_____________ students in the
classroom. (否定句)
③ —What’s
in the bag? (对主语提问的特殊疑问句)
—There ________ many oranges in it.
七、There
be句型的时态
There be 句型没有语态形式,但是却有比较复杂的时态形式,以及可以表达不同的情态语境。请看下面的例句:
There _____________ a class meeting this afternoon. (一般将来时)
There _____________ a football
match in our school yesterday. (一般过去时)
There _____________ great
changes in China in the past twenty years. (现在完成时)
There _____________ two English
parties next week. (一般将来时)
There
must be something
wrong with the computer. ( must + be)
八、即时练习
用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
1.
There was a tractor ________ (work) and some cows ________ (eat)
grass on the farm.
2. Look! There ________ (come) the No.7
bus.
3. There ________ (be) a sheep and some goats on
the hill yesterday morning.
4. There must ________ (be) someone in the corner
because there was something ________ (move)
quickly.
5. There ________ (be) a writer and singer in our
school last week.
6. There ________ (be) a writer and two singers
in our school last week.
7. ________ there ________ (be) an exciting
concert in town tomorrow?
8. There _____________ (be) a lot of changes in
my hometown in the last two years.
9. Once there ________ (live) some hard-working
people in the forest.
10. ________ there ________
(stand) a statue (塑像) by the sea in the past?
加载中,请稍候......