中山大学二〇一五年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题
科目代码:871
科目名称:地球科学概论
考试时间:12月28日下午
一、简答题(每题20分,共100分)
1、类质同象的定义,并以钠长石和钙长石的类质同象举例说明。
2、结核或鲡状体矿物是如何形成的,有哪些矿物代表?
3、基性岩有何特征?其形成的深成岩、浅成岩和喷出岩分别是什么?
4、接触热变质作用与接触交代变质作用有何异同?请举例说明.
5、短文翻译
Plate Boundaries
When tectonic plates move, they develop new boundaries or change existing boundaries between regions. Boundaries can be divergent, convergent or transform: Divergent boundaries occur when plates move apart and new crust begins to form in the newly created space between the plates. Convergent boundaries involve the destruction and salvaging of the existing crust into the Earth's interior as one plate moves under another. Convergent boundaries are often noted by the presence of volcanoes or mountains at the boundary site.
Transform boundaries, also known as fault lines, are where two plates move pasteach other horizontally. They are commonly found under the ocean and are the cause for what is known as "shallow earthquakes." Some, such as the San Andreas fault boundary in California, are on land and visible in exposed areas.
二、综合思考题(每题25分,共50分)
1.“寒武纪生命大爆发”的含义是什么?我国的澄江动物群与该事件有何关系?
2、软流圈和岩石圈在地球圈层的位置,它们与板块运动有何关系?
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