加载中…
个人资料
  • 博客等级:
  • 博客积分:
  • 博客访问:
  • 关注人气:
  • 获赠金笔:0支
  • 赠出金笔:0支
  • 荣誉徽章:
正文 字体大小:

形容词、副词比较级最高级讲解(一)

(2013-09-21 15:40:01)
标签:

比较级

最高级

练习

分类: 学习汇总

 形容词、副词比较级最高级讲解(一)

英语中大多数形容词可以分为原级,比较级和最高级。

一、原级:形容词的本来形式就是形容词的原级。用原级进行比较时可以使用下面结构:

1. 表示比较的双方程度相等,用”as…as”结构,表示“前者像后者一样”,即A + be + as + 形容词原级 + as + B.

e.g. John is as tall as his brother.  He can run as quick as me.

注意:当as… as 中间有名词时采用以下格式。

(1)as +形容词+ a +单数名词

This is as good an example as the other is.

(2)as + many/much +名词

I can carry as much paper as you can.

2. 表示比较的双方不相等,一方不如另一方,用”not as/so…as”结构,表示“前者不如后者”,即

A + be + not as/so + 形容词原级 + as + B.

e.g. John is not as tall as his brother.     Sue is not as/so tall as Jim.

3. 表示一方是另一方的几倍,用“twice/three times(表示倍数的词)+as+形容词原级+as”结构。

This room is twice as big as that one.

注意:表示一方相当于另一方的几分之几或百分之几,句型相似。

This line is one third as long as that one.

We have made 70% as many TV sets in the past six months as we did last year.

形容词、副词比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化

规则变化

(1)一般情况下,单音节或双音节的形容词(或副词)比较级+er , 最高级+est

clever-cleverer-cleverest; few-fewer-fewest ;

small-smaller-smallest等

(2)以e结尾的词,比较级+r,最高级+st即可

nice-nicer-nicest;cute-cuter-cutest;large-larger-largest

(3)以辅音字母+y结尾的变y为i+er或est

easy-easier-easiest;happy-happier-happiest

再如:early , busy , heavy , dirty , lazy . 也如此

(4) 以后缀ly结尾的方式副词在前面加more构成比较级,加most构成最高级

quickly---more quickly----most quickly

(5)双写最后一个辅音字母+er或est的词同学要用心去记。

fat-fatter-fattest thin-thinner-thinnest

hot-hotter-hottest red-redder-reddest

wet-wetter-wettest big-bigger-biggest

(6)双音节和多音节的词需要在形容词原级前+more构成比较级,+the most构成最高级。

双音节的词如careful-more careful -the most

careful useful -more useful -the most useful .

多音节词beautiful -more beautiful - the most beautiful .

delicious , popular , important , interesting , expensive

少数单音节词也是这样如:pleased-more pleased -the most pleased tired-more tried -the most tired

不规则形容词的变化

good----better-----best well----better----best bad----worse-----worst

many----more----most much----more----most little-----less-----least

far-----farther , further(表示程度) far-----farthest , furthest(表示远近)

few-----fewer-----fewest old-----older----oldest(表新旧,表长老)

old-----elder , eldest(表兄弟姊妹之间的长幼)

 

二、比较级:

1.把一个人或物同另外一个人或物比较时,一方程度超过另一方,就需要用到形容词比较级。其结构是:

A + be + 形容词比较级 + than + B.

e.g. Jackie is taller than Alex, but Alex is heavier than Jackie.

2.表示“……是两者中较、更……的一个”,比较级前用冠词the

e.g. He is the taller of the two boys.

3.表示“越来越……”,用“比较级+and+比较级”或“more and more+原级”结构。

e.g. The weather is getting warmer and warmer.

Our city is becoming more and more beautiful.

4.用比较级代替最高级,用“比较级+than+any other+可数名词单数”或“比较级+than+the other+可数名词复数”句型

e.g. He is taller than any other boy.   He is taller than the other boys.

5.表示“一方是另一方的几倍”,用“twice/three times/etc.+比较级+than”句型

e.g. John can read twice faster than I (me).

=john can read twice as fast as I (me).

 

三、最高级:

1、三者或者三者以上的人或物进行比较时,需要使用形容词的最高级。其结构是:A + be + the 形容词最高级 + of / in + 比较范围.

(Note: 形容词最高级前面要加定冠词the)

e.g. Jackie is the tallest in our class. (主语和比较范围不是同一属性)

Jackie is the tallest of all the students. (主语和比较范围是同一属性)

2、“(a)most+原级+(名词)”表示“(一个)非常……的(……)”

e.g. This is a most interesting story.    He was a most thankful to us.

3、表示“其中最……的一个”,用“one of +最高级+名词复数”

e.g. China is one of the most oldest countries in the world.

 

四、比较级的修饰词:a little, a lot, much, even; far; a great deal

 

五、练习

1、--Our English is very good. ——But my brother learns it much______than  I do.   A. good B.well C. better D. best

【析】在英语中,a little,a lot,much,even等词可以用来修饰形容词或副词的比较级,故本题的正确答 案是C项。

2.Don‘t worry. Your granny will get_______

A.well and well B.better and better C.well and better D.good and well

【析】表示"越来越……" 可以采用" 比较级 +比较级"或"more and more+原级"的结构,如果是 单音节的形容词或副词, 则用前一结构;如果是多音节词,则可以用后一种结构,故本题的正确答案是B。

3.China is one of________ in the world.

A.the oldest country B.the oldest countries C.much older country D.much older countries 【析】在英语中,要表示 "其中最……的之一", 应使用"one of+形容词的最高级形式+名词的复数 形式 "。根据题意本题应选B项。

4.The girl doesn’t run________ the boy.

A. much faster as B. as faster as C. more fast than D. so fast as

【析】在英语中,可以使用"as…as"表示"两者在某方面一样";用"not so/as……as"表示"两者在某方面不一样",以上两种结构都必须使用形容词或副词的原级。由以上分析可知本题的D 项最符合题意。

5.LiLei writes ______ of all the students in our class.

A. more carefully B. the most careful C. more careful D. most carefully

【析】在这道题中,有的学生选B, 只想到了用最高级形式,而忽略了write是实义动词应用副词,也有的学生认为D 的前边应该加the ,这就属于对知识的掌握不够熟练或忘了副词的最高级前边的the 可加可省,所以做题一定要考虑周全,避免会的题失分。答案为D.

      

    大多数形容词有比较级等级的变化,即原级、比较级和最高级,用来表示事物的等级差别,原级即形容词的原形,比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。

1.        规则变化

单音节词和少数双音节词,加词尾-er, -est来构成较级和最高级。

 

构成法

原级

比较级

最高级

一般单音节词末尾加-er, -est

tall

great

taller

greater

tallest

greatest

以不发音的e结尾的单音节词和少数以-le结尾的双音节词只-r, -st

nice

large

able

nicer

larger

abler

nicest

largest

ablest

以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词,双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-er, -est

big

thin

hot

bigger

thinner

hotter

biggest

thinnest

hottest

辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,yi,再加-er, -est

early

easy

earlier

easier

earliest

easiest

少数以-er, -ow结尾的双音节词末尾-er, -est

clever

narrow

cleverer

narrower

cleverest

narrowest

其他双音节词和多音节词,在前面加   大部分双音节词和多音节词加more, most构成比较级和最高级。

原级

比较级

最高级

beautiful

interesting

important(重要的)

more beautiful

more interesting

more important

most beautiful

most interesting

most important

2.        不规则变化

原级

比较级

最高级

good (好的)  well (健康的)

better

best

bad (坏的)   ill (有病的)

worse

worst

old

older  (elder)

oldest  (eldest)

many  much (多的)

more

most

little (少的)

less

least

far (远的)

farther  (further)

farthest(furthest)

 

                  

0

阅读 收藏 喜欢 打印举报/Report
后一篇:Playway1 11-2
  

新浪BLOG意见反馈留言板 欢迎批评指正

新浪简介 | About Sina | 广告服务 | 联系我们 | 招聘信息 | 网站律师 | SINA English | 产品答疑

新浪公司 版权所有