英语中有两类从句所修饰的名词可以叫“先行词”，一类是定语从句，一类是同位语从句。同学们知道，定语从句所修饰的先行词数量很多，单是指人和指物的名词就有千千万万个，但英语中的同位语从句则不同，它所修饰的先行词非常有限，中学英语中最常用的可能只有几十个，并且高考可能重点的考查只有14个，比如名词evidence就是其中之一：　　

1. Evidence has been found through years of study ______ children’s early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up. (2012重庆卷)　　

A. why                    B. how                     C. whether                D. that　　

2. Modern science has given clear evidence ______ smoking can lead to many diseases. (2011天津卷)　　

A. what                    B. which                   C. that                      D. where　　

3. There is clear evidence ______ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain. (2011上海卷)　　

A. what                    B. if                         C. how                     D. that　　

这三道题的答案均为that。that只用于引导同位语从句，它在句中没有意思，也不充当句子成分。　　

下面是高考英语最可能考的14个同位语从句所修饰的先行词：　　

1. chance 可能性　　

chance后接that引导的同位语从句，表示某事发生的可能性。如：　　

I think that there is every chance that you will succeed. 我想你取得成功的机会很大。　　

Do you think there’s any chance that you could get a job in 　　Paris　　? 你看你是不是有机会在巴黎找个工作呢?　　

2. doubt 怀疑　　

doubt后接that引导的同位语从句，表示对某事的怀疑。如：　　

There is no doubt that the world is getting warmer. 全球气候正在变暖，这是肯定的。　　

There’s no doubt that one day a cure will be found. 毫无疑问，总有一天会找到治疗的方法。　　

3. fact 事实　　

fact后接that引导的同位语从句，表示某个事实的具体内容。如：　　

The fact that something is cheap doesn’t necessarily mean it’s of low quality. 价廉未必物不美。　　

The fact that the money has gone does not mean it was stolen. 那笔钱不见了这一事实并不意味着是被偷了。　　

In spite of the fact that hotel prices have risen sharply, the number of tourists is as great as ever. 尽管旅馆收费猛涨，旅客的人数还是同以往一样多。　　

4. evidence 证据　　

evidence后接that引导的同位语从句，表示某个证据的具体内容。如：　　

Do you have evidence that this treatment works? 你有证据证明这种治疗会起作用吗？　　

Is there any scientific evidence that a person's character is reflected in their handwriting? 一个人的笔迹反映其性格的说法有什么科学依据吗

5. hope希望　　

hope后接that引导的同位语从句，表示希望的具体内容。如：　　

Is there any hope that they will be home in time? 他们会有希望及时回家吗？　　

The President has expressed the hope that relations will improve. 总统表达了改善关系的愿望。　　

6. idea 想法　　

idea后接that引导的同位语从句，表示某个想法的具体内容。如：　　

It’s based on the idea that all people are created equal. 它是基于人人生而平等这个信念之上的。　　

Where did you get the idea that she doesn’t like you? 你是从哪儿得来的这个印象，说她不喜欢你呢? 　　

7. message 消息，信息　　

message后接that引导的同位语从句，表示某条消息或信息的具体内容。如：　　

I got a message that she’ll be late. 我得到消息说她会迟到。　　

Ads convey the message that thin is beautiful. 广告传递了这样一种信息——瘦就是美。　　

8. news 消息　　

news后接that引导的同位语从句，表示某条消息的具体内容。如：　　

The news that we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true. 明天放假的消息不实。　　

The news that Madge had resigned took everyone by surprise. 玛琦辞职的消息让所有人大吃一惊。　　

9. notice 通知　　

notice后接that引导的同位语从句，表示某个通知的具体内容。如：　　

I received a notice that the rent was unpaid. 我接到一个通知说我的房租还没有付。　　

The notice came around two in the afternoon that the meeting would be postponed. 会议将被延期的通知在下午两点左右传来。　　

10. possibility 可能性　　

possibility后接that引导的同位语从句，表示某事发生的可能性。如：　　

You should always allow for the possibility that it might rain. 你应该总要考虑到有可能会下雨。　　

There is a strong possibility that the cat contracted the condition by eating contaminated pet food. 猫很有可能是吃了受污染的宠物食品而染上这种疾病的。

11. promise 承诺，答应　　

promise后接that引导的同位语从句，表示某个承诺的具体内容。如：　　

He took my fax number with the promise that he would send me a drawing. 他要了我的传真号码，答应给我发一图样。　　

I made a promise to myself that this year, my first year in high school, would be different. 我对自己作出了承诺，今年——我读中学的第一年——将要有所不同。

12. story 传说　　

story后接that引导的同位语从句，表示某个传说的具体内容。如：　　

The story goes that my grandfather saved his captain’s life in battle. 据说我的祖父在战斗中救了他的上尉一命。　　

The story goes that he was sacked after he was caught stealing company property. 据说他盗窃公司的财物被抓住后就被开除了。　　

13. suggestion 建议　　

suggestion后接that引导的同位语从句，表示某条建议的具体内容。如：　　

They didn’t like my suggestion that we should all share the cost. 他们不喜欢我提出的费用分摊的建议。　　

The suggestion that shops should open on Sundays led to a heated discussion. 关于商店星期日也应该营业的提议，引起了激烈的争论。　　

14. word 消息，传闻；承诺　　

Word came that our duties would be changed. 有消息说我们的职责会有所变动。　　

He gave his word that he would marry her and she had no cause to doubt him. 他保证会与她结婚，她没有理由怀疑他