一、词汇题（Vocabulary）
词汇区别一直是学生在学习英语过程中遇到的一大难题。这主要是由于他们没有掌握汉英两种语言在词汇方面的差异，往往只注意英语的汉语释义，而忽略了其本身的内在涵义和用法。
1. 同义或近义辨析题
同义、近义辨析题主要是对同义词或近义词在含义与用法上进行区别，这是词汇测试的一个重要方面。这类试题的选项是四个词性相同、词义相同或相近的词。测试的目的在于检测考生辨别词义和运用词汇的能力。
(1) He gave a brief ＿＿＿＿ of history of the university before the opening of the university.
A. reference B. statement C. account D. comment
(2) It takes a great deal of power to ＿＿＿＿ a spaceship into space.
A. elevate B. flourish C. launch D. take off
(3) We know she was always as ＿＿＿＿ as her word, so we trusted her.
A. good B. honest C. faithful D. true
(4) One of his eyes was injured in an accident, but after a ＿＿ operation, he quickly recovered his sight.
A. precise B. considerate C. delicate D. sensitive
(5) The managing director took the ＿＿＿＿ though it was not really his fault.
A. guilt B. blame C. charge D. accusation
(6) There were no tickets ＿＿＿ for Saturday’s concert.
A. preferable B. considerable C. possible D. available
2. 形近辨析题
形近词辨析的四个选项（或其中的两到三个）具有非常相似的外形，而词义则可能毫无关系（有时亦有可能词义相近）。命题者设置这类题型的意图很明显，就是要通过选项的相似性达到混淆视听的目的，考查考生是否能够辨析其差异，从而在实际运用中不致出错。
(1) He was employed as interpreter because he was ＿＿＿＿ in three languages.
A. intimate B. proficient C. efficient D. sufficient
(2) At first the company refused to purchase the equipment, but this decision was ＿＿＿＿ revised.
A. subsequently B. successively C. predominantly D. preliminarily
(3) In order that we can improve our writing, this scheme must be ＿＿＿＿.
A. adapted B. admitted C. adhered D. adopted
(4) His deafness ＿＿＿＿ him of the pleasure from music.
A. derived B. prevented C. deprived D. disposed
(5) A Dictionary of the English Language, ＿＿＿ by Dr. Johnson, was the first real attempt as a systematic and interestingly written survey of English usage.
A. constructed B. composed C. compiled D. collected
(6) More often than not, it is difficult ＿＿＿ the exact meaning of a Chinese idiom in English.
A. exchange B. transfer C. convey D. convert
3. 语汇与短语搭配辨析题
短语搭配辨析题主要考查的固定搭配题包括对动词短语、名词短语、形容词短语、介词短语的考查。平时应积累和掌握尽可能多的固定短语，只有这样才能在这一部分得到高分。
(1) I really do not know whether we can succeed, so do not expect ＿＿＿＿.
A. us too much B. us of too much C. too much of us D. of us too much
(2) I had ＿＿＿＿ her state of mind.
A. not idea of B. no idea of C. not idea about D. no idea about
(3) She’s fainted. Throw some water on her face and she may soon ＿＿＿＿.
A. come round B. come back C. come again D. come out
(4) While I was looking through a drawer, I came ＿＿＿＿ a photograph of you as a child.
A. to B. across C. around D. over
(5) People have always been very kind ＿＿＿ me.
A. to B. with C. for D. at
(6) She is such an impossible woman. I don’t know how you can ＿＿＿ her.
A. put up B. stand up with C. put up with D. stand with
(7) The meeting had to be ＿＿＿＿ because of the absence of chairman of the board.
A. called off B. called in C. called on D. called out
(8) If we believe something is good and true, we should ＿＿＿＿ to it.
A. hold up B. keep on C. hold on D. keep up
(9) Teaching in school can ＿＿＿＿ be separated from practice.
A. by the way B. in the way C. on the way D. in no way
(10) He hasn’t enough money for food, ＿＿＿＿ amusements.
A. let off B. lean against C. let alone D. leave alone
(11) Her novels ＿＿＿＿ most of the middle school students.
A. appeal for B. apply for C. appeal to D. apply on
(12) The goal is to make higher education available to everyone who is willing and capable ＿＿＿＿ his financial situation.
A. with respect to B. in accord with C. regardless of D. in terms of
4. 固定习语辨析题
英语习语是英语语言发展的结晶,是英语国家的人民在生活生产实践中逐步形成的语言精华。习语是固定词组，在句子中或从句中不能随意分割,也不能随意更换。英语短语习语,有的以名词开始,有的以动词开始,有的以形容词、介词、副词、连词、数词等等开始。
(1) ＿＿＿＿ the severe cold, tourism was ＿＿＿ full swing.
A. Though…on B. Despite…on C. Though…in D. Despite…in
(2) As the President of the school can’t go to the reception, I’m representing the school ＿＿＿.
A. in his consideration B. on his behalf C. for his part D. from his point of view
(3) He was caught in the rain yesterday, ＿＿＿＿, he fell ill this morning.
A. on the contrary B. in contrary C. in other words D. as a result
(4) Under heavy gunfire, those cameramen risked their lives to give _____ battlefield reports.
A. word-for-word B. face-to-face C. down-to-earth D. on-the-spot
(5) I didn’t go to his last party, because ＿＿＿, I changed my mind.
A. on a second thought B. by second thoughts C. on second thoughts D. on the second thoughts
(6) Just as the builder is skilled in the handling of his bricks, _____ the experienced writer is skilled in the handling of his words.
A. as B. thus C. so D. like
(7) Peter is badly in need of a secretary that he can _____ to solve the problems that may occur in his absence.
A. count for B. count to C. count down D. count on
(8) I didn’t quite _____ to what you said. Would you mind repeating it？
A. catch on B. get hold C. catch up D. go on
二、语法结构题（Structure）
1. 虚拟语气
虚拟语气是与事实不相符的假设，是常考的语法难点之一。
(1) It is time he ＿＿＿＿ strong action against those gangsters.
A. took B. is taking C. will take D. takes
(2) The millions of calculations involved, had they been done by hand, ＿＿＿ all practical value by the time they were finished.
A. could lose B. might lose C. would have lost D. ought to have lost
(3) I’d just as soon ＿＿＿＿ those important papers with you.
A. that you won’t take B. your not taking C. please don’t you take D. you didn’t take
(4) Without his wise mother, he ＿＿＿＿ such a successful scientist.
A. would not become B. should not have become C. may not have become D. could not have become
(5) If only we ＿＿＿＿ then the disease was curable.
A. knew B. had known C. would known D. would have known
(6) You ＿＿＿＿ me because I didn’t say that.
A. must misunderstand B. must be understanding C. must have understood D. had to misunderstand
(7) ＿＿＿＿ your advice yesterday, I would have missed the train.
A. Had I not taken B. if I didn’t take C. If I haven’t taken D. provided I didn’t take
(8) The guard at the gate insisted that everybody ＿＿＿＿ the rules.
A. obeys B.obey C. will obey D. would obey
2. 非谓语动词
非谓语动词是英语特有的语言现象，包括：动词不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。非谓语动词用法复杂。非谓语动词时态试题要分析非谓语动词和谓语动词动作的先后顺序；非谓语动词的语态试题要弄清其与逻辑主语的关系。
(1) I vaguely remember ＿＿＿＿ something like that.
A. that he had said B. him having said C. his saying D. him to say
(2) John lost himself in the woods. He ＿＿＿＿to go alone.
A. ought not to allow B. ought to not allow
C. ought not to have been allowed D. ought to not have been allowed
(3) ＿＿＿＿ from the moon, our planet looks just like a big ball.
A. Seeing B. To see C. Seen D. See
(4) The room is in a mess, it ＿＿＿＿ cleaned.
A. can’t have been B. shouldn’t have cleaned C. mustn’t have cleaned D. wouldn’t have cleaned
(5) Children with parents whose guidance is firm, consistent, and rational are inclined ＿＿＿＿ high level of self-confidence.
A. to possess B. possess C. have possess D. possessing
(6) We will expect to have more rain in the weeks ＿＿＿＿.
A. coming B. to be coming C. to have come D. to come
(7) Well, I would rather ＿＿＿＿.
A. not to tell you B. to tell you not C. not tell you D. not told you
(8) I appropriate ＿＿＿＿ to your birthday party.
A. to be invited B. to have invited C. having invited D. being invited
3. 定语从句
定语后置英语定语从句很特别的语言现象。复习中，要特别关注介词＋关系代词（which）和as作为关系代词的定语从句。
(1) There were two small rooms in the beach house, ＿＿＿＿ served as a kitchen.
A. the small of them B. the smaller of which C. the smallest of which D. the smaller of them
(2) After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town ＿＿＿＿ he grew up as a child.
A. which B. where C. that D. when
(3) As ＿＿＿＿ announced in today’s papers, the Shanghai Export Commodities Fair is also open on Sundays.
A. being B. is C. to be D. been
(4) She studied hard at school when he was young, ＿＿＿＿ contributed to success in later life.
A. so that B. therefore C. that D. which
(5) He has made a discovery, ＿＿＿＿ of great importance to the progress of science and technology.
A. I think which is B. which I think is C. that I think is D. of which I think it is
(6) The film brought the hours back to me ＿＿＿＿ I was taken good care of in that faraway village.
A. until B. that C. when D. where
(7) ＿＿＿＿is known to everybody, the noon travels around the earth once every month.
A. It B. As C. That D. What
4. 名词性从句
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses）。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
(1) No one can be sure ＿＿＿＿ in a million years.
A. what man will look like B. what will man look like C. man will look like what D. what look will man like
(2) ＿＿＿＿ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.
A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter
(3) We were overjoyed at the news ＿＿＿＿ our team had won.
A. that B. which C. what D. from which
(4) Can you tell me ＿＿＿＿?
A. who is that gentleman B. that gentleman who is C. who that gentleman is D. whom is that gentleman
(5) Can you make sure ＿＿＿＿ the gold ring?
A. where Alice had put B. where had Alice put C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put
(6) The fact is ＿＿＿＿ exists no life on the moon.
A. that B. where C. there D. that there
5. 状语从句
一般而言，状语从句试题难度不大，但是状语从句种类繁多，在应试中应注意：非if引导的条件状语从句，此类句子多用at times，provided，so long as，in case，once等来替代if；由even if／so，now that，for all等引导的让步状语从句； just／hardly…when引导的时间状语从句；more than，as…as，not so much as，the same as，as much as等引导的比较状语从句。
(1) ＿＿＿＿ you will never convince him.
A. However long you argue B. However you argue long C. How you argue long D. How long you argue
(2) That night, tried ＿＿＿＿, the Union officer went out again to look for help.
A. like he was B. as was he C. though he was D. even he was
(3) We are aware that ＿＿＿＿, that situation will get worse.
A. if not dealing with carefully B. if dealt not carefully with
C. if not carefully dealt with D. if not carefully dealing with
(4) Mr. Smith is too busy to spare any time, ＿＿＿＿ Sunday afternoon.
A. only in B. except for C. unless on D. except on
(5) Smart ＿＿＿＿ he is, he can’t find the answer question.
A. like B. as C. that D. how
(6) You can’t see the president ＿＿＿＿ you’ve made an appointment with him.
A. when B. if C. unless D. except
(7) I was about to leave my house ＿＿＿＿ the phone rang.
A. while B. when C. as D. after
(8) When we encounter more difficulties, we should be more spirited, and we should be more courageous ＿＿.
A. the more danger we are in B. the more in danger we are
C. we are in more danger D. we are in danger more
(9) Give me your e-mail address ＿＿＿ I need your help.
A. whether B. unless C. so that D. in case
(10) Unless you work hard, ＿＿＿.
A. you will earn a lot of money B. you will be able to pass the exam
C. you will not be able to go abroad D. you will be a good scholar
(11) The people at the part worried about Janet because no one was aware ＿＿＿ she had gone.
A. of the place B. the place C. of where D. where that
(12) ＿＿＿ I saw you I knew you were angry with me.
A. A moment B.The moment C. In a moment D. For a moment
6. 特殊句型
特殊句型包括强调句、倒装句和省略句等。这些句型有各自固定的用法，这是近年来常考的考点之一。
(1) The naughty boy has cried wolf many times. Hardly ＿＿＿＿ him when he says that he is in trouble.
A. anybody believes B. has anybody believed C. does anybody believe D. will anybody believe
(2) ＿＿＿＿ closed his eyes than the doorbell rang.
A. Hardly had he B. Scarcely he had C. No sooner had he D. As soon as he had
(3) Not until ten o’clock ＿＿＿＿ it was too late to return.
A. they realized B. they did realize C. did they realize D. realized they
(4) We have been told that under no circumstances ＿＿＿＿ the telephone in the office for personal affairs.
A. we may use B. you may use C. may we use D. may you use
(5) Almost every scientist now finds it impossible to read all the works connected with his own subject, ＿＿ a lot outside of it.
A. much less reading B. more than to read C. much less to read D. more than reading
(6) It was not she arrived in class ＿＿＿＿ realized she had forgotten her book.
A. and she B. when she C. she D. that she
(7) ＿＿＿＿on the basis of a topic ＿＿＿＿ be worked out, and ＿＿＿＿with a good thesis organize your ideas properly for your composition.
A. Only… a thesis can…so you can B. Just… a thesis can…as … can you
C. Just as… can a thesis…so you can D. Only…can a thesis…only… can you
(8) It was not until it was getting dark ＿＿＿ the children remembered to go back home.
A. when B. had C. that D.then
(9) Not for a moment ＿＿＿＿ the truth of your explanation about the event.
A. we have doubt B. did we doubt C. we had doubted D. doubted we
(10) Little ＿＿＿＿ that the police are about to arrest him.
A. he knows B. he doesn’t know C. does he know D. doesn’t he know
(11) Seldom ＿＿＿＿ my boss in such good mood since I came to work in this company.
A. I saw B. I have seen C. have I seen D. do I see
(12) So loudly ＿＿＿＿ that the audience in the back heard him clearly.
A. does he speak B. did he speak C. he speaks D. he spoke
(13) ＿＿＿ the Christmas shopping season begins.
A. That is after Thanksgiving B. After Thanksgiving it is
C. It is after Thanksgiving that D. It is Thanksgiving that
(14) How was ＿＿＿＿ that she passed the exam？
A. that B. for C. it D. which
7. 独立主格结构
独立主格结构有两部分组成，前一部分是名词或者代词，后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和分词)或形容词、副词或介词短语。独立主格结构的特点： 1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。 2）名词或代词与后面的分词、形容词、副词、不定式、介词等是主谓关系。 3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。
(1) Jimmy walked slowly to the corner of the playground, his face ＿＿＿ tears.
A. covering with B. covered with C. with covering D. with covered
(2) The taxi sped away, its lights ＿＿＿ into the distance.
A. disappearing B. disappeared C. with disappearing D. with disappeared
(3) ＿＿＿, we missed our plane.
A. The train being late B. To be late C. The train is being late D. The train which is late
(4) Their stomachs ＿＿＿ for food, their backs ＿＿＿ from too much sun, both boys gathered there things and headed for home.
A. is crying…is burning B. is cried…is burned C. cried…burned D. crying… burning
(5) Then the two players let him fall to the track, his chest landing first, his head following, ＿＿＿, and finally lying still.
A. bounced B. bouncing C. was bounced D. was bouncing
(6) Barbara just lay there, her mouth ＿＿＿, her eyes ＿＿＿, unable to say a word.
A. trembled…unfocused B. was trembling…were unfocused
C. trembling…unfocused D. was trembled…unfocusing
(7) ＿＿＿, we had to stay at home.
A. It was a hot day B. The day being hot C. Which have a hot day D. Being a hot day
(8) ＿＿＿, we shall go out for a picnic on Sunday.
A. Weather permits B. Weather permitting C. With weather permits D. With weather permitting
(9) All flights ＿＿＿＿ because of the storm, they decided to take the train.
A. having canceled B. have been canceled C. were canceled D. having been canceled
(10) He rushed into the room, his face ＿＿＿＿ with sweat.
A. dripping B. dripped C. being dripped D. was dripping

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